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词条 List of Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu
释义

  1. List of chief ministers of Tamil Nadu

     Madras Presidency  Madras State  Tamil Nadu 

  2. Records

  3. Footnotes and references

  4. See also

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}{{Use Indian English|date=June 2015}}{{Infobox political post
| border = parliamentary
| minister = not_prime
| post = Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu
| image = Edappadi K. Palaniswami.jpg
| incumbent = Edappadi K. Palaniswami
| incumbentsince = 16 February 2017
| appointer = Governor of Tamil Nadu
| inaugural = A. Subbarayalu Reddiar
| formation = 17 December 1920
}}

The complete list of Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu consists of the heads of government in the history of the state of Tamil Nadu in India since 1920. The area under the present-day state of Tamil Nadu has been part of different territorial configurations under Madras Presidency and Madras State in its history.[2][3]

List of chief ministers of Tamil Nadu

Madras Presidency

The Madras Presidency, headquartered in Fort St. George, India, was a province of British India that comprised present day Tamil Nadu, the Malabar region of North Kerala, the coastal and Rayalaseema regions of Andhra Pradesh, and the Bellary, Dakshina Kannada, and Udupi districts of Karnataka. It was established in 1653 to be the headquarters of the English settlements on the Coromandel Coast.

The territory under the presidency comprised only Madraspatnam and surrounding regions. But, after the Anglo-French wars and the consequent alliance between the English East India Company and the Nawab of Arcot, it was expanded to comprise the region from Northern Circars to Cape Comorin. The governance structure also evolved from a modest secretariat with a single secretary for the Public Department in 1670 to six departments overseen by a chief secretary by 1920.

The Indian Councils Act 1861 set up the Madras Legislative Council as an advisory body, without powers, through which the colonial administration obtained advice and assistance from able and willing Indian business leaders. But membership was selected (not elected) and not representative of the masses. With the enactment of Government of India Act 1919, the first legislature was formed in 1920 after general elections.[4] The term of the legislative council was three years. It had 132 members of whom 34 were nominated by the governor and the rest were elected. Under the Government of India Act 1935, a bicameral legislature was set up with a legislative assembly consisting of 215 members and a legislative council having 56 members. The first legislative assembly under this act was constituted in July 1937. The legislative council was a permanent body with a third of its members retiring every 3 years with power to decide on bills passed by the assembly[5]

In 1939, the British government declared India's entrance into World War II without consulting provincial governments. The Indian National Congress protested by asking all its elected representatives to resign from the governments.[6] Congress came back to power in 1946 after new provincial elections.[7]

#[8] Name Portrait Took office Left office Term[9] Political party Election
1{{small>MLC}} 17 December 1920 11 July 1921 1st
(206 days)		 Justice Party[10]1920 Madras Legislative Council Election
2{{small>MLC}} 11 July 1921 11 September 1923 1st
(792 days)		 Justice Party[10]
{{small>MLC}} 19 November 1923 4 December 1926 2nd
(1,111 days)		 Justice Party[11][12][13]1923 Madras Legislative Council Election
3{{small>MLC}} 4 December 1926 27 October 1930 1st
(1,423 days)		 Unaffiliated[10] 1926 Madras Legislative Council Election
4{{small>MLC}} 27 October 1930 5 November 1932 1st
(740 days)		 Justice Party[10]1930 Madras Legislative Council Election
5{{small>MLC}} 5 November 1932 5 November 1934 1st
(730 days)		 Justice Party[10]
{{small>MLC}} 5 November 1934 4 April 1936 2nd
(516 days)		 Justice Party[10]1934 Madras Legislative Council Election
6{{small>MLC}} 4 April 1936 24 August 1936 1st
(142 days)		 Justice Party[10]
(5){{small>MLC}} 24 August 1936 1 April 1937 3rd
(220 days)		 Justice Party[10]
7{{small>MLC}} 1 April 1937 14 July 1937 1st
(104 days)		 Interim provisional ministry[14][15][16][17]1937 Madras Legislative Assembly Election
8{{small>MLC}} 14 July 1937 29 October 1939 1st
(837 days)		 Indian National Congress
- Governor's Rule[18] 29 October 1939 30 April 1946 (2,375 days)
9{{small>MLC}} 30 April 1946 23 March 1947 1st
(327 days)		 Indian National Congress1946 Madras Legislative Assembly Election
10{{small>MLC}} 23 March 1947 6 April 1949 1st
(745 days)		 Indian National Congress
11{{small>MLC}} 6 April 1949 26 January 1950 1st
(295 days)		 Indian National Congress

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Madras State

Madras State, precursor to the present day state of Tamil Nadu, was created after India became a republic on 26 January 1950.[19] It comprised present-day Tamil Nadu and parts of present-day Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Kerala. The first legislature of the Madras State to be elected on the basis of universal suffrage was constituted on 1 March 1952, after the general elections held in January 1952.[20]

The state was split up along linguistic lines in 1953, carving out Andhra State. Under the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, the States of Kerala, and Mysore were carved out of Madras state. Under the implementation of the Andhra Pradesh and Madras Alteration of Boundaries Act, 1959, with effect from 1 April 1960, Tirutani taluk and Pallipattu sub-taluk of Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh were transferred to Madras in exchange for territories from the Chingelput and Salem districts.[4][21]

#[8] Name Portrait Took office Left office Term[9] Political party Election
1{{small>MLC}} 26 January 1950 10 April 1952 2nd
(805 days)		Indian National Congress1946 Madras Legislative Assembly Election
2{{small>MLC}} 10 April 1952 13 April 1954 2nd
(733 days)		1952 Madras Legislative Assembly Election
3K. Kamaraj
{{small|MLA for Gudiyattam (1954-57)}}
{{small|MLA for Sattur (1957-63)}}		 13 April 1954 31 March 1957 1st
(1,083 days)
13 April 1957 1 March 1962 2nd
(1,783 days)		1957 Madras Legislative Assembly Election
15 March 1962 2 October 1963 3rd
(566 days)		1962 Madras Legislative Assembly Election
4{{small>MLA for Sriperumbudur}} 2 October 1963 6 March 1967 1st
(1,251 days)
5{{small>MLC}} 6 March 1967 14 January 1969 1st
(680 days)		 DMK1967 Madras Legislative Assembly election

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[22]

Tamil Nadu

Madras State was renamed as Tamil Nadu (Tamil for Tamil country) on 14 January 1969.[19] The legislative assembly adopted a resolution on 14 May 1986, to abolish the legislative council. Thereafter, the legislative council was abolished through an act of Parliament named the Tamil Nadu Legislative Council (Abolition) Act, 1986[23] with effect from 1 November 1986. The state legislature is unicameral, and consists of 235 members including one nominated member.[5]

The chief minister commands most of the executive powers while the governor has a largely ceremonial role. The chief minister of Tamil Nadu, like other chief ministers of India, is elected by legislators of the political party or the coalition which commands a simple majority in the legislative assembly. The tenure of the chief minister extends as long as he or she enjoys the confidence of the assembly. The incumbent shall vacate the office in the event of a successful motion of no confidence. Also, the President of India, acting under the recommendations of the cabinet of ministers of the Government of India, can dismiss an elected government using certain provisions of Article 356 of the Constitution of India. In 1976, Karunanidhi's government was dismissed and president's rule was imposed on the grounds of corruption.[24] If a vacancy is caused to the office of the chief minister due to death, demitting, or dismissal, the governor can invite another person to form the government and request him or her to move a confidence-seeking motion in the assembly. In the event of no one enjoying majority support, the assembly is either dissolved or put in suspended animation and the state comes under president's rule or a caretaker government until fresh elections are held for the assembly. The incumbent shall be disqualified if convicted of a criminal offence with a jail sentence of two years or more. In 2014, Jayalalithaa lost her post due to a special court sentencing her to four years of prison term in the disproportionate assets case.[25]

#[8] Name Portrait Took office Left office Term[9] Political party[26] Election
1{{small>MLC}} March,1967†|†|†}}[27] 1st
(20 days)		DMK1967 State assembly election
2 [19]
{{small>MLA for Triplicane}}		 3 February 1969 10 February 1969 1st
(7 days)
3{{small>MLA for Saidapet}} 10 February 1969 4 January 1971 1st
(693 days)
{{small>MLA for Saidapet}} 15 March 1971 31 January 1976 2nd
(1,783 days)		1971 State assembly election
President's rule[19] 31 January 1976 30 June 1977 (516 days)
4{{small>MLA for Aruppukkottai}} July 1977 17 February 1980 1st
(962 days)		 AIADMK1977 State assembly election
President's rule[19] 17 February 1980 9 June 1980 (113 days)
(4){{small>MLA for Madurai West}} 9 June 1980 15 November 1984 2nd
(1,620 days)		AIADMK 1980 State assembly election
{{small>MLA for Andipatti}} 10 February 1985†|†|†}} 3rd
(1,042 days)		1984 State assembly election
(2)[19]
{{small>MLA for Athoor}}		 24 December 1987 7 January 1988 2nd
(15 days)
5 Janaki Ramachandran 7 January 1988 30 January 1988 1st
(23 days)
President's rule[19] 30 January 1988 27 January 1989 (363 days)
(3){{small>MLA for Harbour}} 27 January 1989 30 January 1991 3rd
(733 days)		 DMK1989 State assembly election
President's rule[19] 30 January 1991 24 June 1991 (145 days)
6{{small>MLA for Bargur}} 24 June 1991 13 May 1996 1st
(1,785 days)		 AIADMK 1991 State assembly election
(3){{small>MLA for Chepauk}} 13 May 1996 13 May 2001 4th
(1,826 days)		 DMK 1996 State assembly election
(6)[28] J. Jayalalithaa
{Did not contest,all 4 Nominations rejected due to TANSI case}		 14 May 2001 21 September 2001 2nd
(130 days) [28]		AIADMK2001 State assembly election
7{{small>MLA for Periyakulam}} 21 September 2001 1 March 2002 1st
(161 days)
(6){{small>MLA for Andipatti}} 2 March 2002 12 May 2006 3rd
(1,532 days) [28]
(3){{small>MLA for Chepauk}} 13 May 2006 15 May 2011[29] 5th[30]
(1,828 days)		 DMK 2006 State assembly election
(6){{small>MLA for Srirangam}} 16 May 2011 27 September 2014[25] 4th[31]
(1,230 days)		AIADMK2011 State assembly election
(7){{small>MLA for Bodinayakkanur}} 29 September 2014[32] 22 May 2015[33] 2nd
(235 days)
(6)J. Jayalalithaa
{{small|MLA for Srirangam}}		 23 May 2015[34] 23 May 2016 5th
(366 days)
(6){{small>MLA for RK Nagar}} 24 May 2016[35]†|†|†}} 6th
(196 days)		2016 State assembly election
(7){{small>MLA for Bodinayakkanur}} 6 December 2016[36] 15 February 2017[22]
 3rd
(72 days)
8{{small>MLA for Edappadi}} 16 February 2017[37] Incumbent1st{{age in years and days|2017|02|16}}
{{Col-begin}}
Key
  • {{note label|†|†|†}} Assassinated or died in office
{{col-end}}{{#tag:timeline|

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}}

Records

  • Ignoring an intervening president's rule from 17 February 1980 to 9 June 1980, the chief minister with the longest tenure (in successive terms) in office was M. G. Ramachandran, lasting 10 years, 5 months and 25 days from 30 June 1977 until his death on 24 December 1987.
  • K. Kamaraj was the chief minister with the longest tenure without intervening president's rules. His terms lasted from 13 April 1954 to 2 October 1963, i.e., 9 years, 5 months and 19 days.
  • The shortest period is 24 days by Janaki Ramachandran who held office from 7 January 1988 to 30 January 1988.
  • J. Jayalalithaa holds a record by being sworn as chief minister six times, followed by Karunanidhi who sworn five times.
  • On 21 September 2001, the Supreme Court of India ruled that the appointment of Ms. Jayalalithaa as chief minister on 14 May 2001 was invalid, with retrospective effect. Therefore, technically, decisions of her cabinet during the period May–September 2001 in effect became legal fiction.
  • J. Jayalalithaa became the first incumbent chief minister to lose her post in a graft case when a special court sentenced her to four years of prison term on 27 September 2014.[25] The sentence was subsequently overturned by the Karnataka High Court which acquitted Jayalalithaa of all charges and that allowed her to return to the post for a fourth term.
  • M. Karunanidhi has been in the office as cheif minister for around 6863 days (around 18 years) in multiple tenures. Also was the only chief minister holding posts at different occasions spanning six decades starting from 1960s (from 1969), 1970s (until 1976), 1980s (from 1989), 1990s (until 1991 and again from 1996), 2000s (until 2001 and again from 2006) and 2010s (up to 2011).
{{clear}}
  • J. Jayalalithaa became the first woman chief minister in India to die in office on 5 December 2016. She was the fifteenth chief minister to die in office and the third in Tamil Nadu, after C. N. Annadurai and M. G. Ramachandran.

Footnotes and references

1. ^{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Tamil-Nadu-population-rises-to-7-2-crore-in-a-decade/articleshow/20364440.cms|title=Tamil Nadu population rises to 7.2 crore in a decade|last=Mariappan|first=Julie|date=31 May 2013|work=The Times of India|accessdate=27 September 2015}}
2. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20130423150027/http://www.tn.gov.in/tnassembly/cmlist-1920.htm Archive.org — Government of Tamil Nadu — Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu since 1920]
3. ^Government of Tamil Nadu — Assemblies — An Overview {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006083126/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/archive/list/assemblies-overview.htm |date= 6 October 2014 }}
4. ^1 Government of Tamil Nadu — Tamil Nadu Secretariat — Brief History
5. ^1 Legislative bodies of India - Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly
6. ^The Telegraph - Own Goal - Partition became inevitable once the Congress resigned in 1939
7. ^Pakistan - toward partition
8. ^1 2 The colours indicate the political party affiliation of each Chief Minister.
9. ^1 2 The ordinal number of the term being served by the person specified in the row in the corresponding period
10. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 World Statesmen.org — Provinces of British India
11. ^{{cite book | title=The Justice Party: a historical perspective, 1916-37| last=Rajaraman| first=P. | coauthors=| year=1988| pages=212–220| publisher=Poompozhil Publishers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GGMmAAAAMAAJ}}
12. ^{{cite book|last=Sundararajan|first=Saroja|title=March to freedom in Madras Presidency, 1916-1947|publisher=Lalitha Publications|year=1989| pages=334–389| chapter=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nr5HAAAAMAAJ | ref=harv|oclc=20222383}}
13. ^{{cite book | title=The role of Madras Legislature in the freedom struggle, 1861-1947| edition=| author=S. Krishnaswamy| year=1989| pages=126–131| publisher=People's Pub. House (New Delhi) | isbn=}}
14. ^Though Congress won the election, it refused to form the government as it did not like the governor's veto power over the cabinet. The governor of Madras, Lord Erskine, decided to form an interim provisional Government with non-members and opposition members of the Legislative Assembly. V. S. Srinivasa Sastri was first offered the chief ministership of the interim government but refused to accept it. Eventually an interim government was formed under Kurma Venkata Reddy Naidu on 1 April 1937. It lasted until July, when the Congress accepted Viceroy Linlithgow's assurance that the veto would not be abused and decided to form the government.
15. ^{{Cite book| last =Ramanathan| first =K. V.| title =The Satyamurti letters: the Indian freedom struggle through the eyes of a parliamentarian, Volume 1| publisher =Pearson Education India| year = 2008| location = | pages =301–5| url =https://books.google.com/books?id=NY_XjIE6sVUC&pg=PA301 |id= {{ISBN|81-317-1488-8}}, {{ISBN|978-81-317-1488-1}}| isbn =9788131714881}}
16. ^{{Cite book| last =Menon| first =Visalakshi| title =From movement to government: the Congress in the United Provinces, 1937-42| publisher =Sage| year = 2003| location = | pages =75| url =https://books.google.com/books?id=UO-OxAoL4YIC&pg=PT38 |id= {{ISBN|0-7619-9620-6}}, {{ISBN|978-0-7619-9620-0}}| isbn =9780761996200}}
17. ^{{Cite book| last =Nagarajan| first =Krishnaswami| title =Dr. Rajah Sir Muthiah Chettiar: a biography| publisher =Annamalai University| year = 1989| location = | pages =63–70| url =https://books.google.com/books?id=0AMcAAAAIAAJ&dq=K.+V+Reddy+interim+Government+1937&q=erskine#search_anchor}}
18. ^Congress Ministries in all the provinces of British India resigned on 29 October 1939 protesting the viceroy's declaration of war against Germany. Madras Presidency remained under "the direct rule of the Governor of the Province" until the next elections were held in March 1946. (India (Failure of Constitutional Machinery) HC Deb 16 April 1946 vol 421 cc2586-92)
19. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 World Statesmen.org — Indian states since 1947
20. ^Government of Tamil Nadu — The State Legislature — Origin and Evolution {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100413233934/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/history/history.htm |date=13 April 2010 }}
21. ^Historical Importance of Kanchipuram {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060518021820/http://kanchi.nic.in/history.htm |date=18 May 2006 }}
22. ^1 {{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/panneerselvam-resigns-as-chief-minister-of-tamil-nadu-cites-personal-reasons/|title=O Panneerselvam resigns as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, cites personal reasons|date=2017-02-05|newspaper=The Indian Express|access-date=2017-02-06|language=en}}
23. ^{{cite web|title=The Tamil Nadu Legislative Council (Abolition) Act, 1986.|url=http://indiankanoon.org/doc/195458/}}
24. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/2001/07/14/stories/05142523.htm |title=The Hindu - Delhi's warning |access-date=11 June 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060620074646/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2001/07/14/stories/05142523.htm |archive-date=20 June 2006 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}
25. ^1 2 {{cite web|title= Jayalalitha is the first CM to lose post in a graft case|author= |newspaper= DNA India |date=27 September 2014|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-jayalalitha-is-the-first-cm-to-lose-post-in-a-graft-case-2021997}}
26. ^This column only names the chief minister's party. The state government he heads may be a complex coalition of several parties and independents; these are not listed here.
27. ^{{cite web|title=DMK, AIADMK pay homage to Annadurai|url=http://in.news.yahoo.com/050203/43/2jec9.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050304035649/http://in.news.yahoo.com/050203/43/2jec9.html|archivedate=2005-03-04|quote=... the leader's life was cut short by cancer 3 February 1969.}}
28. ^1 2 On 21 September 2001, a five-judge constitutional bench of the Supreme Court of India ruled in a unanimous verdict that "a person who is convicted for a criminal offence and sentenced to imprisonment for a period of not less than two years cannot be appointed the Chief Minister of a State under Article 164 (1) read with (4) and cannot continue to function as such". Thereby, the bench decided that "in the appointment of Ms. Jayalalithaa as chief minister there has been a clear infringement of a constitutional provision and that a writ of quo warranto must issue". In effect her appointment as chief minister was declared null and invalid with retrospective effect. Therefore, technically, she was not the chief minister in the period between 14 May 2001 and 21 September 2001 (The Hindu — SC unseats Jayalalithaa as CM {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041128101130/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/2001/09/22/stories/01220001.htm |date=28 November 2004 }}, Full text of the judgment from official Supreme Court site {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060627063243/http://judis.nic.in/supremecourt/qrydisp.asp?tfnm=17995 |date=27 June 2006 }}).
29. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/tamil-nadu/article2015767.ece |title=The Hindu - Karunanidhi resigns |access-date=16 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516061959/http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/tamil-nadu/article2015767.ece |archive-date=16 May 2011 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}
30. ^BBC News - New leader for Tamil Nadu state
31. ^{{cite news |title= Jayalalithaa begins third term as Chief Minister today|author= |newspaper= NDTV |date= 16 May 2011|url= http://www.ndtv.com/article/assembly%20polls/jayalalithaa-begins-third-term-as-chief-minister-today-105969}}
32. ^Jayalalithaa's trusted aide Panneerselvam sworn as Tamil Nadu's new chief minister
33. ^O Panneerselvam resigns from Chief Minister post
34. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-32857257|title=Jayalalitha sworn in as chief minister of Tamil Nadu|date=23 May 2015|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=10 July 2015}}
35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/article/india-news/jaya-lalithaa-bucks-tradition/259429/|title=AIADMK comes to power again; Jayalalitha bucks tradition|last=PTI|publisher=The Financial Express|accessdate=19 May 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160520215551/http://www.financialexpress.com/article/india-news/jaya-lalithaa-bucks-tradition/259429/|archivedate=20 May 2016|df=dmy-all}}
36. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/jayalalithaa-critical-o-panneerselvam-likely-to-succeed-as-tamil-nadu-cm-all-you-need-to-know-about-him/464933/|title=Jayalalithaa no more: O Panneerselvam sworn in as the new Tamil Nadu CM|date=2016-12-05|newspaper=The Financial Express|access-date=2016-12-05}}
37. ^T. Ramakrishnan. "Edappadi Palaniswami sworn in as Tamil Nadu Chief Minister". The Hindu. 17 February 2017.

See also

{{commons category|Chief ministers of Tamil Nadu}}
  • Elections in Tamil Nadu
  • History of Tamil Nadu
  • List of current Indian chief ministers
  • List of Governors of Tamil Nadu
  • List of Speakers of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly
{{Featured list}}{{Chief_Ministers_of_Indian States}}{{Tamil Nadu assembly elections|state=expanded}}

4 : Lists of Chief Ministers of Indian states|Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu|Lists of people from Tamil Nadu|Tamil Nadu politics-related lists
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