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词条 List of Christmas dishes
释义

  1. Argentina

  2. Australia

  3. Belgium

  4. Canada

  5. Denmark

  6. Finland

  7. France

  8. Germany

  9. India

  10. Indonesia

  11. Italy

  12. Japan

  13. Norway

  14. Philippines

  15. Spain

  16. Sweden

  17. Ukraine

  18. United Kingdom and Ireland

  19. United States

  20. See also

  21. References

  22. External links

These food items are traditionally eaten during the Christmas season.

Argentina

{{see also|Argentine cuisine}}Panettone (known locally as pan dulce) and turrón are the most popular Christmas sweets in Argentina regardless of socioeconomic status, with 76% of Argentines choosing the former and 59% the latter in 2015.[2] Mantecol, a typical peanut dessert, is also popular, being favored by 49% of Argentines in the same survey.[2] Sparkling wines, ciders and frizzantes concentrate most of their sales during Christmas season; sparkling wine is mostly consumed by small families with high and medium socioeconomic status living in Greater Buenos Aires and the country's largest cities, while cider and frizzantes are popular among lower classes and large families.[2]
  • Vitel toné[3][4][7]
  • Turrón[7][5]
  • Pan dulce[6]
  • Asado (beef, chicken, calf, lamb, suckling pig)[7][12][13][8]
  • Clericó (or clericot), a sangria-like beverage that combines wine with chopped fruit.[9]
  • Cider (apple, pineapple) and sparkling wine[7][10]
  • Budín[11][10]
  • Salads[12][11]
    • Russian salad[22]
    • Waldorf salad[12]
    • Fruit salad[11]
  • Pionono[12][13]
  • Matambre[13]
  • Lengua a la vinagreta[13][14]
  • Garrapiñadas, dried fruits and comfits[11][10][14][2]
  • Mantecol[15]
  • Sandwiches de miga[14]
  • Pavita[15]

Australia

  • White Christmas, a sweet slice made of copha and mixed fruit
  • Roast chicken, ham and turkey[16]
  • Stuffing[17]
  • Christmas cake or Christmas pudding[16]
  • Christmas damper - in wreath or star shape, served with butter, jam, honey or golden syrup. Made in the Australian bush in the 19th century.[18]
  • Champagne[19]
  • Eggnog[20]
  • Pavlova[17]
  • Fruit mince pies
  • Prawns (steamed or boiled) dipped into thousand island sauce
  • Seafood platters, are popular due to the summer season and abudndance available to Australia

Belgium

  • Cougnou (with various like cougnolle), sweet bread in the form of the infant Jesus[21]

Canada

  • Bûche de Noël
  • Candy canes
  • Christmas pudding
  • Eggnog
  • Fruitcake
  • Mince pie
  • Cranberry sauce
  • Roasted turkey
  • Stuffing

Denmark

{{Main|Danish cuisine}}
  • Æbleskiver - traditional Danish spherical pancakes (a type of doughnut with no hole), sprinkled with powdered sugar and served with raspberry or strawberry jam
  • Roasted chestnuts with salt and butter
  • Julebryg - Christmas beer[22]
  • gløgg - mulled red wine combined with spices, sugar, raisins and chopped almonds typically served warm.
  • risalamande - rice pudding. A dish made from rice, whipped cream and almonds, served cold with cherry sauce (kirsebærsauce)[23][24]

Finland

Christmas smorgasbord from Finland, "Joulupöytä", (translated "Yule table"), a traditional display of Christmas food[25] served at Christmas in Finland, similar to the Swedish smörgåsbord, including:

  • Lutefisk and Béchamel sauce[25]
  • Potato casserole[25] (sweetened or not, depending on preference)
  • Carrot casserole[25]
  • Rutabaga casserole (lanttulaatikko)[25]

France

  • Oysters[53]
  • Foie gras[26]
  • Ganzeltopf (goose) (Alsace)[26]
  • Bûche de Noël.[27]
  • Kouglof (Alsace)
  • Thirteen desserts (Provence):[26] The thirteen desserts are the traditional Christmas dessert in the French region of Provence. The Christmas supper ends with 13 dessert items, representing Jesus Christ and the 12 apostles. The desserts are traditionally set out Christmas Eve and remain on the table three days until December 27.[28]
  • Quince cheese[28]

Germany

  • Christstollen[29] Stollen is a fruitcake with bits of candied fruits, raisins, walnuts and almonds and spices such as cardamom and cinnamon; sprinkled with confectioners sugar. Often there's also a core of marzipan.[30]
  • Printen[31]
  • Glühwein (hot spiced wine)

India

Christianity is not a major religion of India, but Christians in India celebrate Christmas by enjoying several dishes, such as Allahabadi cake, Candy canes,Plum cakes etc. Some of the popular dishes eaten during Christmas in India are:

  • Allahabadi cake.[32]
  • Christmas cake - a type of fruit cake.[33]

Indonesia

  • Klappertaart[34]
  • Poffertjes[34]

Italy

  • Panettone (Milan)[35][36]
  • Pandoro (Verona)[37]
  • Panforte (Tuscany)[38]
  • Prosecco (Veneto)[39]
  • Spumante (Piedmont)[39]

Japan

  • Christmas cake - Different from the UK Christmas cake or American fruitcake, the Japanese style Christmas cake is often a white cream cake, sponge cake frosted with whipped cream, topped with strawberries and with a chocolate plate that says Merry Christmas,[40] though yule logs are also available.
  • KFC fried chicken - With turkey as a dish being virtually unknown in Japan[41] the popularity of this item at Christmas is such that orders are placed as much as two months in advance.[42]

Norway

  • Roasted pork ribs (or belly)[43]
  • Pinnekjøtt - Dried mutton ribs[44]
  • Gløgg - mulled wine
  • Lussekatter - Saint Lucy saffron buns
  • Lutfisk[78] - Lye-fish (whitefish) that has been boiled served with white gravy
  • Juletorsk - cod fish

Philippines

  • Bibingka[45]
  • Crema de fruta[80]
  • Castañas or Kastanyas (roasted chestnuts)[46]
  • Embutido[45]
  • Ensaymada[46]
  • Filipino spaghetti[45]
  • Fruit salad[45]
  • Hamon (Ham)[47]
  • Hamonado[48]
  • Leche flan[45]
  • Lechon[47]
  • Macaroni salad[45][47]
  • Morcon[45]
  • Paella[47]
  • Puto bumbong[45]
  • Queso de bola (Edam)[47]
  • Salabat (ginger tea)[49]
  • Sikwate/Tsokolate (local hot chocolate)[45]

Spain

  • Churros[50]

Sweden

  • Julbord[51] - Christmas smorgasbord ("Christmas table"), a catch-all term for all the dishes served during Christmas Eve:
    • Köttbullar - Swedish meatballs
    • Julskinka - Christmas ham
    • Dopp i grytan ("dipping in the kettle") - dipping bread slices in the ham broth after boiling the Christmas ham.[52]
    • Inlagd sill - pickled herring (usually of different types)
    • Gravad lax - lox
    • Janssons frestelse ("Jansson's Temptation") - warm scalloped potato casserole with anchovies
    • Knäckebröd - dry crisp bread
    • Rödkål - sweet and sour red cabbage, as a side dish
  • Lutfisk[53] - Lye-fish (whitefish) that has been boiled served with white gravy
  • Julmust - a traditional, very sweet, stout-like, Christmas soft drink, originally intended as an alternative to alcohol beverage called Mumma
  • Glögg - mulled wine
  • Knäck or Christmas Butterscotch- Christmas toffee[54]
  • Lussekatter - Saint Lucy saffron buns.

Ukraine

Orthodox and Roman Catholic Christians in Ukraine traditionally have 2 Christmas dinners. The first one is a Lent Dinner, it is held on the January 6 and should consist of meatless dishes. The second one is a Christmas Festive dinner held on January 7, when the meat dishes and alcohol are already allowed on the table. The dinner normally has 12 dishes which represent Jesus's 12 disciples. Both Christmas dinners traditionally include a number of authentic Ukrainian dishes, which have over thousand-year history and date back to pagan times.

  • Uzvar[55]
  • Deruny[56]

United Kingdom and Ireland

In the United Kingdom, what is now regarded as the traditional meal consists of roast turkey with cranberry sauce, served with roast potatoes and parsnips and other vegetables, followed by Christmas pudding, a heavy steamed pudding made with dried fruit, suet, and very little flour. Other roast meats may be served, and in the nineteenth century the traditional roast was goose. The same carries over to Ireland with some variations.

  • Beef Wellington (alternative main course)[57]
  • Brussels sprouts[58]
  • Candy canes
  • Chocolate yule log
  • Christmas cake
  • Christmas ham (usually a honey or marmalade glazed roast or boiled gammon joint)
  • Christmas pudding[59]
  • Cranberry sauce[60]
  • Devils on horseback[61]
  • Dundee cake (traditional Scottish fruit cake)
  • Gingerbread[62]
  • Gravy[63]
  • Hot chocolate
  • Mince pies[112]
  • Mulled wine[64]
  • Nut roast (a popular vegetarian alternative)
  • Pigs in a blanket (Chipolata sausages wrapped in bacon)
  • Roast turkey[65]
  • Roast beef
  • Roasted chestnuts[66]
  • Roast duck
  • Roast goose
  • Roast pheasant
  • Roast parsnips and carrots
  • Roast potatoes (occasionally roasted with goose or duck fat)[67]
  • Spiced beef (traditionally served in Northern Ireland & Eire)
  • Stuffing
  • Trifle[68]
  • Tunis Cake
  • Twelfth Night Cake (traditionally eaten on the final day of Christmas)[69]

United States

See also: Thanksgiving (the dishes tend to be similar).

See also

  • Christmas dinner
  • {{portal-inline|Food}}
  • {{portal-inline|Holidays}}

References

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44. ^ Recipe: Pinnekjøtt – traditional Norwegian Christmas Dinner] scandikitchen.co.uk/ {{en icon}}
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46. ^1 {{cite web |title=Christmas Food in the Philippines |url=https://www.tagaloglang.com/traditional-christmas-food-philippines/ |website=Tagalog Lang |accessdate=11 December 2018}}
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48. ^{{cite web |title=10 Filipino Christmas Recipe Ideas |url=https://www.foxyfolksy.com/10-filipino-christmas-recipe-ideas/ |website=Foxy Folksy |accessdate=11 December 2018}}
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50. ^{{cite web|url=https://mamasbox.net/spanish-christmas-food/|title=The definitive guide to Spanish Christmas food, in 20 delicious & easy recipes|accessdate=2015-12-10|author=Mama's Box - Online Spanish food Shop|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151211180445/https://mamasbox.net/spanish-christmas-food/|archivedate=2015-12-11|df=}}
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54. ^{{cite web|url=http://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=2054&artikel=525935|title=Christmas Butterscotch (Knäck)|publisher=Sveriges Radio|language=English|date=21 December 2004|accessdate=25 December 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226073830/http://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=2054&artikel=525935|archivedate=26 December 2017|df=}}
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56. ^{{cite web |url=http://v.img.com.ua/nxs112/b/600x500/0/88/0d00aa3700b3730748823ac6b40e0880.jpg |title=[jpg image]|accessdate=2018-01-09 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180109235338/http://v.img.com.ua/nxs112/b/600x500/0/88/0d00aa3700b3730748823ac6b40e0880.jpg |archivedate=2018-01-09 |df= }}
57. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.goodtoknow.co.uk/recipes/164868/Gordon-Ramsay-s-beef-Wellington|title=Gordon Ramsay's beef Wellington|website=goodtoknow|accessdate=2 May 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170503093801/http://www.goodtoknow.co.uk/recipes/164868/Gordon-Ramsay-s-beef-Wellington|archivedate=3 May 2017|df=}}
58. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/texte/xmas.htm |title=Christmas in Britain |accessdate=2007-03-09 |first=Ulrike |last=Schroedter |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070321050635/http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/texte/xmas.htm |archivedate=2007-03-21 |df= }}
59. ^{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/1706169.stm |title=Christmas food shopping uncovered |accessdate=2007-03-12 |publisher=BBC News |date=2001-12-17 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081223024530/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/1706169.stm |archivedate=2008-12-23 |df= }}
60. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/2728/cranberry-sauce|title=Cranberry sauce|website=BBC Good Food|accessdate=2 May 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221172839/http://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/2728/cranberry-sauce|archivedate=21 December 2016|df=}}
61. ^{{cite web|url=https://realfood.tesco.com/recipes/easy-devils-on-horseback.html|title=Easy devils on horseback - Tesco Real Food|website=Tesco Real Food|accessdate=2 May 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161223060448/https://realfood.tesco.com/recipes/easy-devils-on-horseback.html|archivedate=23 December 2016|df=}}
62. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/christmas_gingerbread_84244|title=Christmas gingerbread men|website=BBC Food|accessdate=2 May 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322072117/http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/christmas_gingerbread_84244|archivedate=22 March 2017|df=}}
63. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.maryberry.co.uk/recipes/christmas/christmas-turkey-gravy|title=Mary Berry|website=www.maryberry.co.uk|accessdate=2 May 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170624121219/http://maryberry.co.uk/recipes/christmas/christmas-turkey-gravy|archivedate=24 June 2017|df=}}
64. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.maryberry.co.uk/recipes/christmas/christmas-mulled-wine|title=Mary Berry|website=www.maryberry.co.uk|accessdate=2 May 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510123750/http://www.maryberry.co.uk/recipes/christmas/christmas-mulled-wine|archivedate=10 May 2017|df=}}
65. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/4523490.stm |title=Christmas? What a waste! |accessdate=2007-03-09 |publisher=BBC News |date=2005-12-13 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081223223006/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/4523490.stm |archivedate=2008-12-23 |df= }}
66. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/roastchestnuts_68084|title=Roast chestnuts|website=BBC Food|accessdate=2 May 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170516034541/http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/roastchestnuts_68084|archivedate=16 May 2017|df=}}
67. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/roastpotatoes_8818 | title=Roast Potatoes Recipe | author=BBC | deadurl=no | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101118024127/http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/roastpotatoes_8818 | archivedate=2010-11-18 | df= }}
68. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2012/dec/18/how-to-eat-trifle|title=How to eat: trifle|first=Tony|last=Naylor|date=18 December 2012|website=the Guardian|accessdate=2 May 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161017100940/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2012/dec/18/how-to-eat-trifle|archivedate=17 October 2016|df=}}
69. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/stowe/recipes/twelfth-night-cake|title=Twelfth Night cake|website=National Trust|accessdate=2 May 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021075033/https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/stowe/recipes/twelfth-night-cake|archivedate=21 October 2016|df=}}

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