| 词条 | Muhammad Tahir |
| 释义 |
| region = Islamic scholar/Sufi | color = #B0C4DE | image = | caption = Sajjan Saeen in 2015 | name = Muhammad Tahir Bakhshi Naqshbandi | | birth_date = March 21, 1962 | birth_place = Rahmatpur, Larkana, Pakistan | school_tradition = Sunni Islam, Hanafi, Sufi, Naqshbandi | influences = Abul-Hassan Kharaqani, Baha-ud-Din Naqshband Bukhari, Ahmad Sirhindi, Abu Hanifa, Sohna Saeen | influenced = Syed Ismaeel Shah, Allama Muhammad Idrees Dahiri }}{{Sufism}}Khwaja Muhammad Tahir Bakhshi Naqshbandi ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|حضرت خواجہ محمد طاہر بخشی نقشبندی}}}}, born 1962), also known as Sajjan Saeen ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|سجن سائیں}}}}, {{lang-sd|سڄڻ سائين}}), is a prominent Naqshbandi Sufi shaykh in Pakistan. He was born on March 21, 1962 at dargah Rahmatpur Sharif, district Larkana, Pakistan.[1] He is successor to Khwaja Allah Bakhsh, also known as Sohna Saeen, whose lineage goes to Khwaja Ghareeb Nawaz Fazal Ali Shah Qureshi. His followers and partisans are all over Pakistan and in countries such as the United Kingdom, Germany, Sweden, Spain, Australia, New Zealand, Sri Lanka and the USA.[2] He is patron-in-chief of Jamaat Islah-ul-Muslimeen, Rohani Talaba Jamaat and Jamiyat-e-Ulema Tahiriya. He has more than 300 deputies (Khulafa') who are dedicated to spread the Naqshbandi message across the world.[3] Early lifeThe shaykh was born on 21 march, 1963 at dargah Rahmatpur sharif, in district Larkana, Sindh. As per the Islamic principles, his grandsheikh Khwaja Muhammad Abdul Ghaffar said the Azan and Iqamat in his ears at birth, since his father was out of station for Tabligh (preaching). His name was also suggested by his grandsheikh, which was happily accepted by his parents. Pir Mitha died on December 12, 1964. He was under two years of age that his parents migrated from Rahmatpur sharif to another village in Dadu district in January 1965. In April 1965, his father Khwaja Allah Bakhsh established a new village and center for peaching called Faqeerpur sharif, near Radhan Station in Dadu district. There, he passed his childhood while the center was being established. Later, his parents migrated to the new and current center Allahabad sharif situated in district Naushehro-Feroz, and resides there since then. [4]EducationHis education started from Dargah Faqeer Pur Shareef near Radhan City, District Dadu, Pakistan where he got primary education and nazra Quran. He learned Tajwid Quran when he was only 7 years old.[5] He learned Persian, Arabic and Hadith from Madirsah Jamiya Arabiya Ghaffaria, Dargah Allahabad Shareef, Kandiaro, Naushahro Feroze District, Pakistan. He finished advanced Arabic and Hadith education from Al-Markaz Qadriya Karachi. He studied with various teachers, some of them include Maulana Muntakhib-al-Haqq Qadri, Allama Yahya Siddiqi (History), Maulana Saeed-ur-Rahman (Adab), Abdul-Quddus Hashmi (comparative religions) and Mufti Mahmood Alwari. He received multiple Asnad of Hadith, and in one of these, his line goes to Shah Waliullah Dahlawi with only three intermediaries. He graduated his Dars-i-Nizami from Madrasah Jamia Arabiya Ghaffaria in 1979. He is also a graduate in Islamic Studies from Sindh University, Pakistan.[6] Spiritual educationHe received Ijazah of Naqshbandi tariqah from his father, Sheikh Sohna Saeen who was the chief caliph and successor of Abdul-Ghaffar Naqshbandi of Larkana, Sindh. His father trained him in the spiritual path of Naqshbandi Mujaddidi tariqah from the childhood, and permitted him to teach the tariqah to his followers. He received Ijazah three times from his father. Once he received Khilafat (syn. of Ijazah in tariqah) in 1397 A.H when he was still studying in madrasah. Second time he received Khilafat when his father was awarding Khilafat to another person Maulana Siddiq Ahmad Nasir. Third time he received Khilafat in 1403 A.H (the year his father died) along with Maulana Naseem Ahmed of Hyderabad. During the last years of his father, he used to represent his father and presided various programs and gatherings where he initiated newcomers in the tariqah. His father used to send him in his place. SuccessionAfter the demise of Khwaja Allah Bakhsh Abbasi all the Islamic scholars, khalifas (spiritual representatives) and key persons of the organization unanimously agreed to nominate his son Khwaja Muhammad Tahir as successor.[7] He is also known as Sajjan Saeen. On that day almost every follower took Oath of Allegiance on his hand except for a few who also took Oath of Allegiance later. Some of them had reported that Khwaja Allah Bakhsh came in their dream and advised them to take Oath. Some other had spiritual sightings of Muhammad who guided them to take the oath of allegiance with Shaikh Muhammad Tahir, as reported in the book Seerat Wali-e-Kamil. His tariqahSpiritual chain of succession{{Main|Naqshbandi Tahiri Golden Chain}}Shaikh Muhammad Tahir belongs to the Mujaddidi order of Sufism, which is the main branch of Naqshbandi Sufi tariqah. His spiritual lineage goes to Muhammad, through Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi, the Mujaddid of eleventh Hijri century. Sufi methodologyThe Shaikh focuses on Qalbi Zikr (a method of remembering Allah by heart), which makes the base of his tariqah. He advises his murids or spiritual students to practice Muraqbah daily, which is a kind of meditation for the Qalbi Zikr. The collective Zikr or Muraqba is held daily after the Fajr prayer in all the centers of the organization. The shaikh himself leads the Muraqba at Dargah Allahabad sharif daily where he himself resides. This collective Muraqba is different from other branches of the Naqshbandi tariqah. While the murids will go into meditation by closing their eyes and sitting in a recommended position, the shaikh (or the one who leads the Muraqba) will recite some verses of the Quran and sing from the Sufi poetry, while making a sound from a Tasbih with large prayer beads. The sound is produced by striking the large stones of the Tasbih with each other while the Tasbih progresses, and is not rhythmic but continuous. This method was first practiced by Shaikh Ahmed Saeed Faruqi, the eighth Shaikh in the lineage of Shaikh Muhammad Tahir. Many other Sufi shaikhs have also been reported to have practiced this method, including Shaikhs from other tariqahs such as Qadri. The purpose of this sound from the Tasbih, as described by the Shaikh, is that a person can tune his meditation of pronouncing Allah, Allah, Allah with the sound of the Tasbih, thus making it easier to practice the Zikr. Other Sufi orders have also practiced some form of external sound to help meditate and proclaim the words of Zikr. Most of the Sufi music falls into this very purpose, though later modified at large extent. But this sound of Tasbih does not produce any rhythm, since music is considered unlawful in Islamic Sharia hence making it illegal in the Mujaddidi Sufi order which is based on adhering to the rules of Sharia. His messageHis message is the same what has been of Sufi Saints. He focuses on the remembrance Allah in one's heart, love of Muhammad and all creations of Allah. In his speeches he always emphasizes on how to purify inner soul so that love of God can be achieved. He believes in interfaith harmony and people from different sects and religions join his gatherings.[8] In Pakistan, he has large number of followers. The annual Urs of his shaykh which is celebrated every year in November, is attended by more than two lac people (2016 estimate), and is one of the biggest religious gatherings in Pakistan. Outside Pakistan he has a large number of followers in UAE and considerable numbers in countries such as UK, Australia and South Africa. Some of his murids live in the US, Canada, parts of Europe, Saudi Arabia, China, Sri Lanka and some other countries, where they are actively engaged to spread his message of inter-faith harmony and love of God with Qalbi Dhikr. Religious contributionBooks and publicationsHe has been writing on different topics of Islam such as Sufism, Zikr (Remembrance of Allah), Islamic law etc. All of his publications are in Urdu language. Some of them are listed below.[9]
Books written about himA number of books have been published on his personality, his message and his teachings. Following are a few of them:[9]
Haq List of khanqahs (spiritual centers)There are quite a large number of spiritual centers across Pakistan which are being administered by his caliphs (khulafas)under his spiritual supervision. Following are the main centers:[10]
Chain of Madrasahs (Islamic schools)There are hundreds of small and large scale madrasahs across Pakistan which come under his spiritual supervision. These free Islamic schools provide free education ranging from Nazra (recitation of Quran, the basic Islamic education) to Dars-e-Nizami (highest course of Islamic studies). Some of them are listed below:[11]
His prominent Khulafa (deputies)Shaikh Muhammad Tahir Bakhshi has around three hundred Khulafa (deputies or caliphs), propagating his mission and teaching spirituality in various parts of Pakistan and abroad.[13] Following is a short list of some of his prominent Khulafa.[12]
His Khulafa living abroadFollowing is a list of his Khulafa (Deputies) living outside Pakistan.[12]
References1. ^Islah-ul-Muslimeen Official Website {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Tahir, Muhammad}}الطريقة النقشبنديةNakšibendijeNakšbandíjaNaqschbandiNaqshbandiyyaTarekat NaqsyabandiyahנקשבנדיהNakszbandijjaNaqshbandiНакшбандиNaqshbandiNakşibendilik2. ^[https://www.scribd.com/doc/13390212/Tariqat-in-Post-Naqshbandi-Era Tariqat in Post Naqshbandi Era written by Taoshobuddha, edited by Anand Neelamber] 3. ^List of Deputies (Khulifa): Islah-ul-Muslimeen Official Website {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090523234110/http://urdu.islahulmuslimeen.org/urdu/shaikh/khulafa.htm |date=2009-05-23 }} 4. ^Short biography by Bedar Morai, Biography by Bedar Morai {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100615185123/http://urdu.islahulmuslimeen.org/urdu/shaikh/bio.htm |date=2010-06-15 }} 5. ^Chapter: Sajjadah Nasheen Qibla Murshadi Sahibzada Sajjan Saeen - Education, Sirat-e-Wali Kamil, First edition, Page 470-471 6. ^Muhammad Tahir, Our Sheikh : Islah-ul-Muslimeen Official Website {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601135111/http://www.islahulmuslimeen.org/our_sheikh.asp |date=2009-06-01 }} 7. ^Islah-ul-Muslimeen Official Website, http://www.islahulmuslimeen.org/ 8. ^Muhammad Tahir's Sayings: Islah-ul-Muslimeen Official Website 9. ^1 Books and Publications, Books : Islah-ul-Muslimeen Official Urdu Website {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100124000819/http://urdu.islahulmuslimeen.org/urdu/books/ |date=2010-01-24 }} 10. ^Khanqahs and Religious Centers, Contact Centers : Islah-ul-Muslimeen Official Website {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601115348/http://www.islahulmuslimeen.org/contact_us.asp |date=2009-06-01 }} 11. ^List of Madrasah : Islah-ul-Muslimeen Official Website {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726192602/http://urdu.islahulmuslimeen.org/urdu/jim/madaris.htm |date=2011-07-26 }} 12. ^1 2 List of Khulafa, List of Khulafa : Islah-ul-Muslimeen Official Urdu Website {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715194831/http://urdu.islahulmuslimeen.org/shaikh/khulafa.htm |date=2011-07-15 }}, Retrieved: July 2, 2010 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Dargah-e-Tahiri/@33.624288,72.985639,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x38df96871451750d:0xfa8edf41d1eb8ac7|title=Google Maps|work=Google Maps|accessdate=27 May 2015}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=https://dargahetahiry.wordpress.com/about/|title=About|work=dargahe-tahiry|accessdate=27 May 2015}} 7 : Naqshbandi order|Pakistani Sufis|Pakistani Sufi saints|Sufi teachers|1963 births|Living people|Sindhi people |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。