| 词条 | Multnomah (sternwheeler) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The sternwheeler Multnomah was built at East Portland, Oregon in 1885 and operated on the Willamette and Columbia Rivers until 1889 in the United States. She was later transferred to Puget Sound and became one of the better known steamboats operating there. Construction and Early OperationsShe was built for the run from Portland to Oregon City and was considered one of the top boats on the Willamette River at the time.[1] One of her early captains was James D. Miller (1830–1914).[2] Transfer to Puget SoundIn 1889, Multnomah was transferred to Puget Sound, where under the ownership of the S. Willey Navigation Company she made regular runs from Olympia to points on Puget Sound.[2] In 1900, Captain H.H. McDonald (1857–1924),[2] who had already been operating the sternwheelers Elwood and Skagit Queen on the lower Sound, bought Multnomah and Capital City (ex-Dalton) from S. Willey Navigation, and put them in competition with the Greyhound, which had been taken off the Seattle-Tacoma run. There was a rate war between the two concerns, and eventually Greyhound’s owners, acting as the Olympia-Tacoma Navigation Company, bought Multnomah and Capital City from Captain McDonald.[1][2] Captain George W. Barlow, a son of an Oregon pioneer family, commanded all three vessels at various times; he retired in 1910.[2] In 1900, Multnomah and City of Aberdeen hauled beer from the Olympia Brewery to various points on Puget Sound.[1] Once acquired by the Olympia-Tacoma Navigation Company, Greyhound ran with Multnomah on the Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia route, making at various smaller landings in the South Sound, including Three Tree Point and Johnson’s Landing on Anderson Island.[3] Other captains for the Olympia-Tacoma Navigation Company included George L. Hill, who was in command on November 10, 1904 when Multnomah collided with the French full-rigged ship Amiral Cecile in Commencement Bay. In foggy conditions, the steamboat passed under the bowsprit of the ship, and the ship’s anchor flukes caught in the steamer’s upper works, tearing them up. Litigation went on for eight years over this, amid apparently credible charges that witnesses had been paid off.[2] In 1907, Multnomah was converted from wood to oil-fired boilers. Almost all the boats built after 1905 were oil-fired, and they had improved locomotive-style boilers which lessened the chances of explosion.[1] The Olympia-Tacoma Navigation Company kept both Multnomah and Greyhound on the Tacoma-Olympia run until 1911, when they were replaced with the new express propeller steamer Nisqually. Even then, bus lines (called then the “auto stage”) were starting to compete with the steamboats.[1] At some point she was assigned work as a towboat.[4] Collision and sinkingMultnomah met her end on October 28, 1911, when in a dense fog in Elliott Bay, she was rammed by the steamer Iroquois, sinking in 240 feet of water.[2]Notes1. ^1 2 3 4 Newell, Gordon R., Ships of the Inland Sea, at 120-21, 131, 148, 165, Binford and Mort, Portland, OR (2nd Ed. 1960) 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 Newell, Gordon R., ed., H.W. McCurdy Marine History of the Pacific Northwest, at 57, 88, 101, 197, 214, 233, 249, 358, Superior Publishing, Seattle, WA 1966 {{ISBN|0-87564-220-9}} 3. ^Galentine, Elizabeth, Anderson Island, at 50, Arcadia Publishing 2007 {{ISBN|0-7385-4854-5}} 4. ^Weinstein, Robert A., Tall Ships on Puget Sound – The Marine Photographs of Wilhelm Hester, at page 85, University of Washington Press, Seattle, WA 1978 {{ISBN|0-295-95619-4}} (showing photo of Multnomah acting as tug for schooner Endeavor) External links{{Commons category|Multnomah (ship, 1885)}}Historic photographs from on-line collections of University of Washington
Website
7 : History of Washington (state)|Paddle steamers of Oregon|Steamboats of the Columbia River|Maritime incidents in 1911|Steamboats of Washington (state)|Ships built in Portland, Oregon|1885 ships |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。