| 词条 | Muscari armeniacum | |||
| 释义 |
|taxon = Muscari armeniacum |image = Muscari_armeniacum_4.jpg |image_caption = Flowering plants |authority = Leichtlin }} Muscari armeniacum is a species of flowering plant in the squill subfamily Scilloideae of the asparagus family Asparagaceae (formerly the lilies, Liliaceae). It is a bulbous perennial with basal, simple leaves and short flowering stems. It is one of a number of species and genera known as grape hyacinth, in this case Armenian grape hyacinth[1] or garden grape-hyacinth.[2] The flowers are purple, blue (with a white fringe), white (cv. ‘Album’) or pale pink (cv. ‘Pink Sunrise’) and the plants are usually {{convert|15|cm|in|0}} tall. M. armeniacum blooms in mid-Spring (April or May in the Northern Hemisphere) for 3–4 weeks. Some selections are fragrant. Established bulbs leaf in the autumn. M. armeniacum is widespread in the woods and meadows of the Eastern Mediterranean, from Greece and Turkey to the Caucasus,[3] including Armenia which gives it its name. CultivationMuscari armeniacum is one of the most commonly cultivated species of Muscari, is robust and naturalises easily.[4] It appeared in European gardens in 1871.[5]The following have gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit:[6] {{div col|colwidth=30em}}
Cultivars listed by Mathew include 'Blue Spike' and 'Cantab'.[4] Others include 'Argaei Album' and 'Album' (white), 'Côte d'Azur', 'Dark Eyes, 'Early Giant', 'Fantasy Creation', 'Peppermint', 'Saffier', 'Valerie Finnis' (pale blue), and 'Pink Sunrise' (pale pink). The commonly available form is often referred to as M. armeniacum 'Blue'.[11][12] 'Blue Spike' is a double flowered variety, with double florets on the flower stalk.[13] 'Cantab' is pale blue. 'Fantasy Creation' is a sport (a naturally occurring genetic mutation) of 'Blue Spike'. [14] 'Atlantic' is light blue, introduced by Jan van Bentem in 2002, by hybridisation in 1990 from M. armeniacum and an unknown parent.[15]GalleryReferences1. ^{{Citation |last=Grey-Wilson |first=Christopher |last2=Mathew |first2=Brian |last3=Blamey |first3=Marjorie |year=1981 |title=Bulbs : the bulbous plants of Europe and their allies |publication-place=London |publisher=Collins |isbn=978-0-00-219211-8 |lastauthoramp=yes }}, p. 115 2. ^{{cite web |title=BSBI List 2007 |publisher=Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland |url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |format=xls |accessdate=2014-10-17 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6VqJ46atN?url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |archivedate=2015-01-25 |df= }} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/muscari |title=Muscari |publisher=Pacific Bulb Society |date=2013-04-24 |accessdate=2013-10-03}} 4. ^1 {{Citation |last=Mathew |first=Brian |year=1987 |title=The Smaller Bulbs |publication-place=London |publisher=B.T. Batsford |isbn=978-0-7134-4922-8 }}, pp. 126 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.paghat.com/muscariarmeniacum.html |title=Paghat's Garden: Armenian Grape Hyacinth |publisher=Paghat.com |date= |accessdate=2013-10-03}} 6. ^{{cite web | url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf | title = AGM Plants - Ornamental | date = July 2017 | page = 65 | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | accessdate = 9 April 2018}} 7. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/11247/i-Muscari-armeniacum-i/Details| title = RHS Plantfinder - Muscari armeniacum | accessdate = 9 April 2018}} 8. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/162683/i-Muscari-armeniacum-i-Christmas-Pearl/Details | title = RHS Plantfinder - Muscari armeniacum ‘Christmas Pearl’ | accessdate = 9 April 2018}} 9. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/231441/i-Muscari-i-Jenny-Robinson/Details| title = RHS Plantfinder - Muscari armeniacum ‘Jenny Robinson’ | accessdate = 9 April 2018}} 10. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/42745/i-Muscari-armeniacum-i-Saffier/Details| title = RHS Plantfinder - Muscari armeniacum ‘Saffier’ | accessdate = 9 April 2018}} 11. ^The Plant Expert: Muscari 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/Muscari |title=Pacific Bulb Society |publisher=Pacific Bulb Society |date=2013-04-24 |accessdate=2013-10-03}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://northernshade.ca/2010/05/30/blue-muscari-and-pink-tulip-flowers/ |title=Northern Shade Gardening: Blue Muscari |publisher=Northernshade.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-03}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://home.tiscali.nl/hennessy/Fantasy%20Creation.htm |title=Martin Philippo: Muscaripages - Fantasy Creation |publisher=Home.tiscali.nl |date= |accessdate=2013-10-03 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614011030/http://home.tiscali.nl/hennessy/Fantasy%20Creation.htm |archivedate=2011-06-14}} 15. ^{{cite web |url=http://home.tiscali.nl/~hennessy/Atlantic.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090814162413/http://home.tiscali.nl/~hennessy/Atlantic.htm |archivedate=2009-08-14 |title=Muscari armeniacum "Atlantic' }} Sources
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4 : Muscari|Flora of Armenia|Flora of Azerbaijan|Flora of Turkey |
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