| 词条 | List of counties in Maryland | ||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Independent city and counties of Maryland | alt_name = | map = | category = | territory = State of Maryland | start_date = | current_number = 23 counties and 1 Independent city | number_date = | population_range = (Counties only): 20,191 (Kent) – 1,004,709 (Montgomery) | area_range = (Counties only): {{Convert|254|sqmi}} (Howard) – {{Convert|695|sqmi}} (Worcester) | government = County government | subdivision =(Counties): cities, towns, unincorporated communities, census designated place (Independent city): Neighborhoods }} There are twenty-four counties and county-equivalents in the U.S. state of Maryland. Though an independent city rather than a county, the City of Baltimore is considered the equal of a county for most purposes and is a county-equivalent. Many of the counties in Maryland were named for relatives of the Barons Baltimore, who were the proprietors of the Maryland colony from its founding in 1634 through 1771. The Barons Baltimore were Catholic, and George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore, originally intended that the colony be a haven for English Catholics, though for most of its history Maryland has had a majority of Protestants.[1] HistoryThe last new county formation in Maryland occurred when Garrett County was formed in 1872 from portions of Allegany County.[2] However, there have been numerous changes to county borders since that time, most recently when portions of the city of Takoma Park that had previously been part of Prince George's County were absorbed into Montgomery County in 1997.[3] Outside of Baltimore (which is an independent city) the county is the default unit of local government. Under Maryland law, counties exercise powers reserved in most other states at the municipal or state levels, so there is little incentive for a community to incorporate. Many of the state's most populous and economically important communities, such as Bethesda, Silver Spring, Columbia, and Towson are unincorporated and receive their municipal services from the county. In fact, there are no incorporated municipalities at all in Baltimore County or Howard County. The county-equivalent is also the provider of public schools—school districts as a separate level of government do not exist in Maryland. The City of Baltimore generally possesses the same powers and responsibilities as the counties within the state. It is an entity nearly surrounded by but separate from the County of Baltimore, which has its county seat in Towson. The Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) code, which is used by the United States government to uniquely identify states and counties, is provided with each entry.[4] Maryland's code is 24, which when combined with any county code would be written as 24XXX. The FIPS code for each county links to census data for that county. List of counties{{Countytabletop| region_width = | fips_ref = [5] | region_seat_title = County seat | region_seat_width = | region_seat_ref = [2][6] | data2_title = Established | data2_width = | data2_ref = [2][6] | data3_title = Origin | data3_width = | data3_ref = [2] | data4_title = Etymology | data4_width = | data4_ref = [2] | data4_unsortable = yes | population_ref = [7] | area_ref = [6][8] | data5_title = Flag | data5_width = | data5_ref = | data5_unsortable = yes | data6_title = Seal | data6_width = | data6_ref = | data6_unsortable = yes }}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=001 |Name=Allegany |Seat=Cumberland |Data2=1789 |Data3=Formed from part of Washington County. |Data4=From the Lenape Indian word oolikhanna, which means "beautiful stream" |Population= 74012|Area=430|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=003 |Name=Anne Arundel |Seat=Annapolis |Data2=1650 |Data3=Formed from part of St. Mary's County. |Data4=Anne Arundell was the maiden name of the wife of Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore. Between 1654 and 1658 it was known as Providence County by Puritan settlers |Population= 550488|Area=588|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=005 |Name=Baltimore |Seat=Towson |Data2=1659 |Data3=Formed from unorganized territory |Data4=Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore, first proprietor of the Maryland colony |Population= 817455|Area=682|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=510 |Type=City |Name=Baltimore |Seat=Baltimore City |Data2=1851 |Data3= Founded in 1729. Detached in 1851 from Baltimore County |Data4=Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore, first proprietor of the Maryland colony |Population= 621342|Area=92|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=009 |Name=Calvert |Seat=Prince Frederick |Data2=1654 |Data3= Formed as Patuxent County from unorganized territory. Renamed Calvert County in 1658 |Data4=The Calvert family; prior to 1658 it was called Patuxent County, after the Patuxent Indians, a branch of the Algonquians |Population= 89628|Area=345|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=011 |Name=Caroline |Seat=Denton |Data2=1773 |Data3= From parts of Dorchester County and Queen Anne's County |Data4=Lady Caroline Eden, daughter of Charles Calvert, 5th Baron Baltimore |Population= 32718|Area=326|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=013 |Name=Carroll |Seat=Westminster |Data2=1837 |Data3= From parts of Baltimore County and Frederick County |Data4=Charles Carroll of Carrollton, a representative to the Continental Congress and signatory of the Declaration of Independence |Population= 167217|Area=452|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=015 |Name=Cecil |Seat=Elkton |Data2=1672 |Data3= From parts of Baltimore County and Kent County |Data4=Cecil is an Anglicized form of the first name of Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore |Population= 101696|Area=418|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=017 |Name=Charles |Seat=La Plata |Data2=1658 |Data3= From unorganized territory |Data4=Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore, second proprietor of the Maryland colony |Population= 150592|Area=643|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=019 |Name=Dorchester |Seat=Cambridge |Data2=1668 |Data3= From unorganized territory |Data4=Dorchester in Dorset, England; the Earl of Dorset was a friend of the Calvert family |Population= 32551|Area=540|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=021 |Name=Frederick |Seat=Frederick |Data2=1748 |Data3= From part of Prince George's County |Data4=Frederick Calvert, 6th Baron Baltimore, final proprietor of the Maryland colony |Population= 239582|Area=667|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=023 |Name=Garrett |Seat=Oakland |Data2=1872 |Data3= From part of Allegany County |Data4=John Work Garrett, president of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad |Population= 29854|Area=656|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=025 |Name=Harford |Seat=Bel Air |Data2=1773 |Data3= From part of Baltimore County |Data4=Henry Harford, illegitimate son of Frederick Calvert, 6th Baron Baltimore |Population= 248622|Area=527|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=027 |Name=Howard |Seat=Ellicott City |Data2=1851 |Data3= From parts of Anne Arundel County and Baltimore County |Data4=John Eager Howard, an American Revolutionary War officer and governor of Maryland |Population= 299430|Area=254|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=029 |Name=Kent |Seat=Chestertown |Data2=1642 |Data3= From unorganized territory |Data4=The English county of Kent |Population= 20191|Area=414|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=031 |Name=Montgomery |Seat=Rockville |Data2=1776 |Data3= From part of Frederick County |Data4=Richard Montgomery, an American Revolutionary War general |Population= 1004709|Area=507|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=033 |Name=Prince George's |Seat=Upper Marlboro |Data2=1696 |Data3= From parts of Calvert County and Charles County |Data4=Prince George of Denmark, the husband of Queen Anne of Great Britain |Population= 881138|Area=498|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=035 |Name=Queen Anne's |Seat=Centreville |Data2=1706 |Data3= From parts of Talbot County |Data4=Anne, Queen of Great Britain |Population= 48595|Area=510|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=037 |Name=Saint Mary's |Seat=Leonardtown |Data2=1637 |Data3= From unorganized territory. Was named Potomac County between 1654 and 1658. |Data4=The Virgin Mary, first county named in a colony intended to be a haven for Catholics |Population= 108987|Area=611|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=039 |Name=Somerset |Seat=Princess Anne |Data2=1666 |Data3= From unorganized territory. |Data4= Mary, Lady Somerset, sister-in-law of Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore |Population= 26253|Area=611|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=041 |Name=Talbot |Seat=Easton |Data2=1662 |Data3= From part of Kent County |Data4=Grace, Lady Talbot, sister of Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore |Population= 38098|Area=477|Data5=|Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=043 |Name=Washington |Seat=Hagerstown |Data2=1776 |Data3= From part of Frederick County |Data4=George Washington, first President of the United States |Population= 149180|Area=468|Data5=|Data6=Link to image}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=045 |Name=Wicomico |Seat=Salisbury |Data2=1867 |Data3= From parts of Somerset County and Worcester County |Data4=The Wicomico River; in Lenape, wicko mekee indicated "a place where houses are built," possibly in reference to a settlement |Population= 100647|Area=400|Data5= |Data6=}}{{Countyrow |N=24 |Num=047 |Name=Worcester |Seat=Snow Hill |Data2=1742 |Data3= From part of Somerset County |Data4=Mary Arundell, the wife of Sir John Somerset, son of Henry Somerset, 1st Marquess of Worcester, and sister of Anne Arundell, the wife of Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore |Population= 51578|Area=695|Data5=|Data6=}} |} Defunct counties
References1. ^Brugger, Robert J. (1988). Maryland: A Middle Temperament, 1634–1980. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press. {{ISBN|0-8018-3399-X}}. {{Maryland}}{{U.S. Counties}}{{featured list}}2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.msa.md.gov/msa/mdmanual/01glance/html/county.html|title=Counties|work=Maryland Manual Online|accessdate=2007-06-24}} 3. ^{{cite news| last =Brown| first =Deneen | title =As Unification Nears, Takoma Park Residents Still a Divided People | work =The Washington Post | pages =A1 | date =June 28, 1997 | url =https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/local/daily/sept99/takoma062897.htm | accessdate = 2007-06-24}} 4. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.itl.nist.gov/fipspubs/fip6-4.htm|title= FIPS Publish 6-4|publisher= National Institute of Standards and Technology|accessdate= 2007-04-11|deadurl= yes|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20130929074056/http://www.itl.nist.gov/fipspubs/fip6-4.htm|archivedate= 2013-09-29|df= }} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.epa.gov/enviro/html/codes/md.html |title=EPA County FIPS Code Listing |work=EPA.gov |accessdate=2008-02-23 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040928115157/http://www.epa.gov/enviro/html/codes/md.html |archivedate=2004-09-28 |df= }} 6. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Template.cfm?Section=Find_a_County&Template=/cffiles/counties/state.cfm&state.cfm&statecode=MD |title=NACo - Find a county |author=National Association of Counties |accessdate=2008-04-30 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071025113200/http://www.naco.org/Template.cfm?Section=Find_a_County&Template=%2Fcffiles%2Fcounties%2Fstate.cfm&state.cfm&statecode=MD |archivedate=October 25, 2007 |df= }} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |title=American FactFinder |publisher=Factfinder2.census.gov |date= |accessdate=2012-08-15}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/maps/maryland_map.html|title=Maryland QuickFacts|work=U.S. Census Bureau|accessdate=2007-06-22}} 3 : Maryland counties|Lists of counties of the United States by state|Maryland geography-related lists |
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