| 词条 | List of counties in Massachusetts | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Counties of Massachusetts | alt_name = | map = {{MassachusettsCountyMap}} | category = | territory = Commonwealth of Massachusetts | start_date = | current_number = 14 | number_date = | population_range = 10,172 (Nantucket) – 1,503,085 (Middlesex) | area_range = {{Convert|48|sqmi}} (Nantucket) – {{Convert|1513|sqmi}} (Worcester) | government = County government | subdivision = cities, towns, villages, unincorporated communities, census designated place }} This is a list of the 14 counties of Massachusetts. Massachusetts abolished eight[1] of its fourteen county governments between 1997 and 2000, but the counties in the southeastern portion of the state retain county-level local government (Barnstable, Bristol, Dukes, Norfolk, Plymouth) or, in one case, (Nantucket County) combined county/town government.[2][3] Vestigial judicial and law enforcement districts still follow county boundaries even in the counties whose county-level government has been disestablished, and the counties are still generally recognized as geographic entities if not political ones, along with continuing to provide geographical demarcation for National Weather Service weather warnings.[4] Three counties (Hampshire, Barnstable, and Franklin) have formed new county regional compacts to serve as a form of regional governance. Mismanagement of Middlesex County's public hospital in the mid-1990s left that county on the brink of insolvency, and in 1997 the Massachusetts legislature stepped in by assuming all assets and obligations of the county. The government of Middlesex County was officially abolished on July 11, 1997. Later that year, the Franklin County Commission voted itself out of existence. The law abolishing Middlesex County also provided for the elimination of Hampden County and Worcester County on July 1, 1998. This law was later amended to abolish Hampshire County on January 1, 1999; Essex County and Suffolk County on July 1 of that same year; and Berkshire County on July 1, 2000. Chapter 34B of the Massachusetts General Laws allows other counties either to abolish themselves, or to reorganize as a "regional council of governments", as Hampshire and Franklin Counties have done. The governments of Bristol, Plymouth, and Norfolk Counties remain substantially unchanged. Barnstable and Dukes Counties have adopted modern county charters, enabling them to act as efficient regional governments. Dukes County in particular has a strong regional planning agency known as the Martha's Vineyard Commission.[5] Jurisdictional areas for District Attorneys are created by state law and while some follow traditional county boundaries, names and geographic areas covered are often different. Criminal matters in Essex County are handled by the District Attorney for the Eastern District; in Middlesex County by the District Attorney for the Northern District; in Worcester County by the District Attorney for the Middle District; in Dukes, Barnstable and Nantucket counties by the District Attorney for the Cape and Islands District and in Franklin and Hampshire counties by the District Attorney for the Northwestern District. The districts for the counties of Berkshire, Bristol, Hampden, Norfolk, Plymouth and Suffolk are the same in geography and nomenclature as the respective counties,[6] and the District Attorneys for the Eastern, Middle, and Northern Districts are commonly known as the Essex County,[7] Worcester County,[8] and Middlesex County District Attorneys,[9] respectively. Eleven other historical counties have existed in Massachusetts, most becoming defunct when their lands were absorbed into the colony of New Hampshire or the state of Maine, both of which were created out of territory originally claimed by Massachusetts colonists. The oldest counties still in Massachusetts are Essex County, Middlesex County, and Suffolk County, created in 1643 with the original Norfolk County which was absorbed by New Hampshire and bears no relation to the modern Norfolk County. When these counties were created, they were a part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, which would remain separate from the Plymouth Colony and that colony's counties until 1691. Hampden County, created in 1812, is the most recently created county still in Massachusetts, although Penobscot County, Maine bore that distinction until Maine broke off from Massachusetts in 1820.[10] The majority of Massachusetts counties are named in honor of English place names, reflecting Massachusetts' colonial heritage.[11] The term shire town is the statutory term for the Massachusetts town having a county court and administration offices; a county can have multiple shire towns.[12] County seat is the standard term used in general communications by the Massachusetts government. FIPS codeThe Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) code, used by the United States government to uniquely identify counties, is provided with each entry. FIPS codes are five-digit numbers; for Massachusetts the codes start with 25 and are completed with the three-digit county code. The FIPS code for each county in the table links to census data for that county.[13] List of current counties{{Countytabletop| region_width = | fips_ref = [14] | region_seat_title = County seat | region_seat_width = | region_seat_ref = [10][15] | data2_title = Established | data2_width = | data2_ref = [15] | data3_title = Origin | data3_width = | data3_ref = [10] | data4_title = Etymology | data4_width = | data4_ref = [11] | data4_unsortable = yes | population_ref = [15] | area_ref = [15] | map_width = 150px }}{{Countyrow | Name = Barnstable | N = 25 | Num = 001 | Seat = Barnstable | Data2 = 1685 | Data3 = One of three original counties created in the Plymouth Colony | Data4 = After its county seat of Barnstable, which is named after the English town of Barnstaple | Population = 215888 | Area = 396}}{{Countyrow | Name = Berkshire | N = 25 | Num = 003 | Seat = Pittsfield | Data2 = 1761 | Data3 = From part of Hampshire County. Government abolished in 2000.[4] | Data4 = For the English county of Berkshire | Population = 131219 | Area = 931}}{{Countyrow | Name = Bristol | N = 25 | Num = 005 | Seat = Taunton | Data2 = 1685 | Data3 = One of three original counties created in the Plymouth Colony | Data4 = For its original county seat of Bristol, Massachusetts, which is named for the English port city of Bristol – when the Town of Bristol joined Rhode Island, the name of the county was kept | Population = 548285 | Area = 556}}{{Countyrow | Name = Dukes | N = 25 | Num = 007 | Seat = Edgartown | Data2 = 1695 | Data3 = From Martha's Vineyard and the Elizabeth Islands, which had been part of Dukes County, New York until Massachusetts gained it in 1691 | Data4 = Formerly a part of Dukes County, New York until 1691, the land at one time was literally the possession of the dukes of York | Population = 16535 | Area = 104}}{{Countyrow | Name = Essex | N = 25 | Num = 009 | Noseat = Salem, Lawrence | Data2 = 1643 | Data3 = One of four original counties created in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Government abolished in 1999.[4] | Data4 = For the English county of Essex | Population = 743159 | Area = 498}}{{Countyrow | Name = Franklin | N = 25 | Num = 011 | Seat = Greenfield | Data2 = 1811 | Data3 = From part of Hampshire County. Government abolished in 1997.[4] | Data4 = For Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790), early American scientist, diplomat, and politician | Population = 71372 | Area = 702}}{{Countyrow | Name = Hampden | N = 25 | Num = 013 | Seat = Springfield | Data2 = 1812 | Data3 = From part of Hampshire County. Government abolished in 1998.[4] | Data4 = John Hampden (1595—1643), the famous 17th century English parliamentarian | Population = 463490 | Area = 618}}{{Countyrow | Name = Hampshire | N = 25 | Num = 015 | Seat = Northampton | Data2 = 1662 | Data3 = From unorganized territory in the western part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Government abolished 1999.[4] | Data4 = For the English county of Hampshire | Population = 158080 | Area = 529}}{{Countyrow | Name = Middlesex | N = 25 | Num = 017 | Noseat = Lowell, Cambridge | Data2 = 1643 | Data3 = One of four original counties created in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Government abolished in 1997.[4] | Data4 = For the English county of Middlesex | Population = 1503085 | Area = 824}}{{Countyrow | Name = Nantucket | N = 25 | Num = 019 | Seat = Nantucket | Data2 = 1695 | Data3 = From Nantucket Island which had been part of Dukes County, New York until Massachusetts gained it in 1691. | Data4 = The Town of Nantucket, itself derived from a Wampanoag word meaning "place of peace" | Population = 10172 | Area = 48}}{{Countyrow | Name = Norfolk | N = 25 | Num = 021 | Seat = Dedham | Data2 = 1793 | Data3 = From part of Suffolk County. | Data4 = For the English county of Norfolk | Population = 670850 | Area = 400}}{{Countyrow | Name = Plymouth | N = 25 | Num = 023 | Noseat = Brockton, Plymouth | Data2 = 1685 | Data3 = One of three original counties created in the Plymouth Colony. | Data4 = For its seat of Plymouth, which is named for the English port city of Plymouth | Population = 494919 | Area = 661}}{{Countyrow | Name = Suffolk | N = 25 | Num = 025 | Seat = Boston | Data2 = 1643 | Data3 = One of four original counties created in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Government abolished in 1999.[4] | Data4 = For the English county of Suffolk | Population = 722023 | Area = 58}}{{Countyrow | Name = Worcester | N = 25 | Num = 027 | Seat = Worcester | Data2 = 1731 | Data3 = From parts of Hampshire County, Middlesex County and Suffolk County. Government abolished in 1998.[4] | Data4 = For its county seat of Worcester, which is named in honor of the English city of Worcester and the English Civil War Battle of Worcester in 1651, a Parliamentarian victory | Population = 798552 | Area = 1513}} |} Former counties
See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mass.gov/legis/laws/mgl/gl-34b-toc.htm|title=General Laws of Massachusetts, Chapter 34B. Abolition of County Government|work=Massachusetts General Court|accessdate=January 24, 2010}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.naco.org/Template.cfm?Section=Find_a_County&Template=/cffiles/counties/state.cfm&statecode=ma |title=Find a County |work=National Association of Counties |accessdate=19 July 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070608061239/http://www.naco.org/Template.cfm?Section=Find_a_County&Template=%2Fcffiles%2Fcounties%2Fstate.cfm&statecode=ma |archivedate=8 June 2007 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.uscounties.org/cffiles_web/counties/state.cfm?statecode=ma |archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20140113174951/http://www.uscounties.org/cffiles_web/counties/state.cfm?statecode=ma& |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2014-01-13 |accessdate=2012-04-07 |title=Find A County |work=National Association of Counties }} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web|url=http://www.sec.state.ma.us/cis/cisctlist/ctlistcounin.htm|title=Historical Data Relating to the Incorporation of and Abolishment of Counties in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts|work=Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts|accessdate=14 January 2007}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mvcommission.org/|title=Martha's Vineyard Commission - mvcommission.org|author=|date=|website=www.mvcommission.org|accessdate=16 April 2018}} 6. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20040823140546/http://www.sec.state.ma.us/ele/eledist/da02idx.htm ] 7. ^ 8. ^ 9. ^{{Cite web |url=http://middlesexda.com//# |title=Archived copy |access-date=2017-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170308141858/http://middlesexda.com//# |archive-date=2017-03-08 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 10. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book |author1=Brown, Richard |author2=Tager, Jack |lastauthoramp=yes| title =Massachusetts: A Concise History | publisher =University of Massachusetts Press | year =2000 | isbn =1-55849-249-6}} 11. ^1 {{cite book | last=Beatty, Michael | title =County Name Origins of the United States | publisher =McFarland Press | year =2001 | isbn =0-7864-1025-6}} 12. ^Part III, Title I, Chapter 213, §7, Massachusetts General Laws. Accessed 24 January 2008. 13. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.epa.gov/enviro/county-fips-code-listing-state-massachusetts |title=County FIPS Code Listing for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts |accessdate=September 27, 2017 |publisher=US Environmental Protection Agency }} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.epa.gov/enviro/html/codes/ma.html |title=EPA County FIPS Code Listing |work=EPA.gov |accessdate=23 February 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514003524/http://www.epa.gov/enviro/html/codes/ma.html |archivedate=14 May 2011 |df= }} 15. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Template.cfm?Section = Find_a_County&Template = /cffiles/counties/state.cfm&state.cfm&statecode = MA |title=NACo – Find a county |author=National Association of Counties |accessdate=30 April 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100601164238/http://www.naco.org/Template.cfm?Section |archivedate=June 1, 2010 }} External links
3 : Lists of counties of the United States by state|Massachusetts counties|Massachusetts geography-related lists |
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