“MV Macdhui (1930)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

MV Macdhui was a steel hull passenger and cargo motor vessel built by Barclay Curle & Company at the Clydeholm Yard, Whiteinch, Scotland for Burns, Philp & Company, Limited, Sydney NSW, Australia.^[1]^[2] The ship was launched on 23 December 1930 and completed during March 1931.^[1] The ship operated with the company's Burns, Philp Line with service to Papua and New Guinea.^[3] She was sunk in 1942, as a result of damage suffered by being hit by bombs from Japanese aircraft, near Port Moresby.

History

On 20 June 1937 a serious fire broke out in the ship's engine room in the early hours of the morning putting the ship in danger with passengers ordered to the boats. By four in the morning the engine room fire was out but damage was severe and the engines were disabled. The European passengers taken back aboard with some 150 islanders as deck passengers put ashore at [https://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-3029226&fid=4859&c=papua_new_guinea Fortification Point]. A second, minor fire broke out in the number four hold and was quickly put out. Responding to the distress call Neptuna, another of the company's ships, reached Macdhui the next day to tow the disabled ship to port.^[6]

In December 1942 with Japanese threatening islands to the north the Australian government decided to begin evacuating women and children from New Guinea, Papua, and Darwin. Macdhui along with Katoomba, Neptuna, and Zealandia transported the evacuees to ports in Australia out of the way of immediate danger.{{sfn|Gill|1957|pp=495—496}} After Japanese landing on Rabaul some of the troops evacuated to Port Moresby were transported to Townsville aboard Macdhui in late April 1942.{{sfn|Gill|1957|pp=549—550}}

During June Japanese air raids continued at Darwin after the initial bombing on 19 February 1942 with a sixteenth raid on 13 June and raids continuing each night through 17 June when Port Moresby had the 61st raid where Macdhui was first hit amidships and gutted with three crew and one military working party member killed. The next day the ship was again hit, burned and became a total loss.{{sfn|Gill|1968|p=88}}

References

1. ^¹²³{{cite web |title=Scottish Built Ships: Macdhui |publisher=Caledonian Maritime Research Trust |year=2018 |url=http://www.clydeships.co.uk/view.php?ref=1781 |accessdate=6 December 2018}}
2. ^¹²{{cite web |url=http://www.plimsollshipdata.org/pdffile.php?name=33b0551.pdf |title=Lloyd's Register 1933—34 |author=Lloyds |publisher=Lloyd's Register (through PlimsollShipData) |accessdate=6 December 2018}}
3. ^{{cite web |title=Dinner menu |publisher=Australian National Maritime Museum |date=2 December 1938 |url=http://collections.anmm.gov.au/objects/161045 |accessdate=6 December 2018}}
4. ^{{cite journal |date=March 17, 1931 |title=New Burns, Philp Motorship, Macdhui |journal=Pacific Islands Monthly |volume=1 |issue=8 |pages=3 |location=Sydney |publisher=Pacific Publications |doi= |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-333533229/view?sectionId=nla.obj-338785760&partId=nla.obj-335259723#page/n2/mode/1up |accessdate=6 December 2018}}
5. ^{{cite journal |date=June 19, 1931 |title=Luck of the Macdhui |journal=Pacific Islands Monthly |volume=1 |issue=11 |pages=9 |location=Sydney |publisher=Pacific Publications |doi= |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-333566605/view?sectionId=nla.obj-338859515&partId=nla.obj-335040733#page/n8/mode/1up |accessdate=6 December 2018}}
6. ^{{cite journal |date=June 23, 1937 |title=Macdhui on Fire off N.G. Coast |journal=Pacific Islands Monthly |volume=7 |issue=11 |pages=4 |location=Sydney |publisher=Pacific Publications |doi= |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-312686744/view?sectionId=nla.obj-328695216&partId=nla.obj-312699233#page/n5/mode/1up |accessdate=6 December 2018}}

Bibliography

{{cite book |last=Gill |first=G. Hermon |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=Royal Australian Navy 1939-1942 |series=Australia in the War of 1939–1945. Series 2 – Navy |volume=1 |year=1957 |publisher=Australian War Memorial |location=Canberra |isbn= |lccn=58037940 |page= |pages= |url=https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/RCDIG1070207/ |accessdate=6 December 2018 |ref=harv}}

{{cite book |last=Gill |first=G. Hermon |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=Royal Australian Navy 1942-1945 |series=Australia in the War of 1939–1945. Series 2 – Navy |volume=2 |year=1968 |publisher=Australian War Memorial |location=Canberra |isbn= |lccn=76454854 |page= |pages= |url=https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/RCDIG1070208/ |accessdate=6 December 2018 |ref=harv}}

External links

Postcard showing ship, line & services (Australian National Maritime Museum)

Burns Philip Line — Macdhui Picnic Races 3 December 1938 (Australian National Maritime Museum)

Burns Philp ship, the "M.V. Macdhui" of Sydney moored to a jetty, Rabaul, New Guinea, 1937]

[https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C219180 Port Moresby Harbour, 1942-06-18 Macdhui — distant shot showing harbor with ship burning (Australian War Memorial)]

[https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C55332 Port Moresby Harbour, 1942-06-18. The Motor Vessel Macdhui On Fire (Australian War Memorial)]

[https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C188816 Film, Raid on Port Moresby, Macdhui burning (Australian War Memorial)]

[https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C174638 Painting: The bombing of the Macdhui (Australian War Memorial)]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20090310174905/http://www.pacificwrecks.com/ships/hmas/macdhui.html Pacific Wrecks - MV Macdhui]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20110727081102/http://photos.mercantilemarine.org/main.php?g2_itemId=667 Wreck Photo]

Dive Site website

The Mast of the Macdhui (Royal Papua Yacht Club's signal mast)

5 : Ships built on the River Clyde|Merchant ships of Australia|World War II merchant ships of Australia|Ships sunk by Japanese aircraft|Shipwrecks of Papua New Guinea