1. Design and construction

2. Career

3. Incidents and accidents
    Hijacking  Ransom demand and deadline  Ransom and release  Effects of the hijacking 

4. References

5. External links

She received international attention when she was hijacked by Somali pirates (allegedly under the orders of piracy kingpin Mohamed Abdi Hassan) on 15 November 2008, becoming the largest ship ever captured by pirates.^[4][10][5] She was en route from Saudi Arabia to the United States by way of the Cape of Good Hope. At the time of the attack, she was about {{convert|450|nmi|km}} southeast of the coast of Kenya, carrying 25 crewmen and her tanks fully loaded with oil. She was estimated to be worth approximately {{US$|150 million}}, with her cargo worth at least {{US$|100 million}}.

Sirius Star was released on 9 January 2009 after payment of a US $3 million ransom. Three other VLCCs that have been ransomed by pirates are Samho Dream, Maran Centaurus and Irene SL.

Design and construction

Sirius Star is a double-hulled oil tanker with a length overall of {{convert|332|m}}, a beam of {{convert|60|m}}, a hull depth of {{convert|31|m}}, and a draft of {{convert|22.5|m}}.^[2] She can carry {{convert|2.2|Moilbbl|m3}} of crude oil.^[2][14] She has a gross tonnage of 162,252 and a total cargo capacity of {{DWT|318,000|metric|disp=long}}.^[2] Vessels of this size are classified as very large crude carriers or VLCCs.

She was built by Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering (DSME) in Okpo, Geoje, South Korea. Her keel was laid on 29 October 2007.^[2] Designated as hull number 5302, she was the 100th VLCC built by DSME.^[6]

Career

Incidents and accidents

Hijacking

On 17 November 2008, the U.S. Navy announced Sirius Star was hijacked by Somali pirates. Lt. Nate Christensen, a spokesman for the U.S. Navy's 5th Fleet, said the pirates hijacked the very large crude carrier at about 10:00 a.m. on Saturday, 15 November, while she was southbound, about {{convert|450|nmi}} southeast of the coast of Kenya at {{coord|04|41|S|48|43|E|type:landmark}} — the farthest out to sea Somali pirates have struck.^[1][8] The attack also made Sirius Star the largest vessel ever to be hijacked.^[10] It is estimated that for the pirates to reach Sirius Star, they must have voyaged south for three to four days.^[9]

At the time of the attack, the ship was carrying a full load of {{convert|2|Moilbbl|m3}} of crude oil {{emdash}} more than one-quarter of Saudi Arabia's daily oil production output, and worth at least {{US$|100 million}}^[10] {{emdash}} and was bound for the United States via the Cape of Good Hope.^[11] According to officials from Puntland, the pirates anchored Sirius Star at the Somali port of Harardhere, contrary to early reports from the United States Navy that she was anchored near Eyl.^[12][13]

As a result of the full load of cargo, the height from the main deck to the waterline was relatively low; if the reported {{convert|22|m|abbr=on}} draft was correct, her freeboard was about {{convert|9|m}}. Ships in this low-freeboard condition are easier to climb aboard and thus easier targets for pirates.^[14]

The 25 member crew, consisting of 19 Filipinos, 2 Britons, 2 Poles, 2 Croat and 1 Saudi Arabian, were reported to be safe.^[9][31] On 18 November 2008, Polish media confirmed that the two Polish officers on board were the Captain Marek Niski and technical officer Leszek Adler.^[15][16] On 19 November 2008, Britain's Foreign and Commonwealth Office named two of the British officers aboard the vessel: Chief Engineer Peter French of County Durham and second officer James Grady of Strathclyde.^[17]

On 18 November 2008 the pirates opened negotiations with Vela.^[17] In a press release dated that day, Vela stated that all crewmembers were safe.^[31] In the same press release, the company said it was working towards a "safe and speedy return" of all crewmembers, leaving open the possibility of ransom payment.^[18]

Ransom demand and deadline

left

On 19 November, the alleged pirate, Farah Abd Jameh, provided information regarding the ransom by audio tape broadcast over Al-Jazeera television.^[17] The tape specified that an unspecified cash ransom was to be delivered to Sirius Star, where it would be counted using machines that were able to detect counterfeit bills.^[17]

On 20 November, the pirates demanded a {{US$|25 million}} ransom having set a 10-day deadline. Mohamed Said stated: "We do not want long-term discussions to resolve the matter. The Saudis have 10 days to comply, otherwise we will take action that could be disastrous."^[19][20] The then Foreign Secretary David Miliband ruled out the UK paying any form of ransom, saying "There is a strong view of the British Government, and actually the international community, that payments for hostage-taking are only an encouragement to further hostage-taking."^[21] By 24 November, the pirates had reduced their ransom demand to US$15 million.^[22]

A small faction of Somali Islamic rebels planned to attack Sirius Star to liberate her from her hijackers. The faction's planned attack on the hijackers is seen in retaliation for them seizing a "Muslim" vessel.^[23] Locals in Harardhere have said the threats of attack from Islamic militants have forced the pirates to leave the port and remain approximately {{convert|54|nmi|abbr=on}} offshore. A spokesman for the Islamic rebel group, Abdirahim Isse Adow, stated "We are against this act and we shall hunt the ship wherever she sails, and free it."^[22]

Ransom and release

After her release, Sirius Star sailed to the port of Fujairah in the UAE, and the crew was replaced.^[27]

Effects of the hijacking

The attack came soon after naval forces from NATO, Russia, and India began to patrol the Horn of Africa region, in response to {{MV|Faina}} hijacking seven weeks earlier and many other incidents. However, these patrols focus further north, especially near the Gulf of Aden, and the attack came as a surprise. A British intelligence expert commented that "there will never be enough warships" to secure so much of the Indian Ocean by patrol.^[28]

This attack has shown that the pirates are now operating in an area of over 2.8 million square kilometers (1.1 million square miles),^[29] which extends beyond the recently established international patrols closer to the Horn of Africa.^[8] News of the attack raised crude oil prices on global markets.

References

External links

• Negotiations for hijacked Saudi oil tanker begin
• Pirates capture Saudi oil tanker
• MV Sirius Star oil tanker released by pirates}}

• Coordination marée noire: Sirius Star
• [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/somalia/4389151/Sailor-tells-of-the-moment-pirates-captured-the-Sirius-Star.html Sailor tells of the moment pirates captured Sirius Star]
• Hostage's secret pictures of £2m ransom drop on ship hijacked by pirates

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