| 词条 | Mycena lanuginosa |
| 释义 |
| image = | image_caption = | regnum = Fungi | divisio = Basidiomycota | classis = Basidiomycetes | ordo = Agaricales | familia = Mycenaceae | genus = Mycena | species = M. lanuginosa | binomial = Mycena lanuginosa | binomial_authority = Har. Takah. | range_map = Map of Japan with highlight on 14 Kanagawa prefecture.svg | range_map_caption = Known only from Kanagawa, Japan }}{{mycomorphbox | name = Mycena lanuginosa | hymeniumType=gills | capShape = conical | whichGills = adnate | stipeCharacter=bare | sporePrintColor=white | ecologicalType=saprotrophic | howEdible=unknown }}{{stack end}} Taxonomy, naming, and classificationMycena lanuginosa was first collected by Haruki Takahashi in 2000, and published as a new species in 2007, along with seven other Japanese Mycena species. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin word lanuginosa, meaning "lanugineous", referring to the hairy stem. The Japanese name for the mushroom is Keashi-haiirotake (ケアシハイイロタケ).[2]The fungus is classified in the section Fragilipedes (Fr.) Quél., as defined by Dutch Mycena specialist Maas Geesteranus.[3] This section is the largest in the genus Mycena.[4] DescriptionThe cap is {{convert|7|to|11|mm|in|abbr=on}} in diameter, conical to convex to bell-shaped, and has distinct radial grooves that extend almost to the center. It is dry, and somewhat hygrophanous (changing color as it loses or absorbs water). The surface is initially pruinose (covered with what appears to be a fine white powder), but soon becomes smooth. The cap is dark brown at the center, and gradually changes to reddish-brown and finally to nearly white at the margin. The white flesh is up to 0.5 mm thick, and does not have any distinctive taste or odor. The slender stem is {{convert|30|to|60|mm|in|abbr=on}} long by {{convert|0.8|to|1.3|mm|in|abbr=on}} thick, cylindrical, attached to the center of the cap, hollow, and dry. The top portion of the stem is pruinose, while near the base the surface is covered with soft, fine hairs. The stem color is grayish-brown to reddish-brown near the top, changing to reddish-brown near the bottom. The stem base is covered with long, fairly coarse, whitish fibrils. The gills are narrowly attached to the stem, distantly spaced (12–18 gills reach the stem), up to 1.5 mm broad, thin, and whitish, with the gill edges the same color as the gill faces.[2] Microscopic characteristicsThe spores are roughly ellipsoid, smooth, thin-walled, colorless, and measure 10–12 by 5.5–6.5 µm. They are amyloid, meaning they will stain blue to black when treated with Melzer's reagent. The basidia (spore-bearing cells) are 35–42 by 7–9 µm, club-shaped, four-spored, and have clamps at their bases. The abundant cheilocystidia (cystidia on the gill edge) are thin-walled, and measure 40–80 by 5–15 µm. The smooth, colorless, and thin-walled spindle-shaped cells sometimes come to an abruptly tapering point; they form a sterile gill edge. Like the cheilocystidia, the pleurocystidia (cystidia on the gill face) are also spindle-shaped, abundant, smooth and thin-walled; they measure 63–102 by 8–15 µm. The hymenophoral tissue (tissue of the hymenium-bearing structure) is made of smooth, thin-walled element hyphae that are 3–25 µm wide, roughly cylindrical (often inflated), hyaline (translucent), and dextrinoid (turning reddish to reddish-brown in Melzer's reagent). The cap cuticle is made of parallel, bent-over hyphae that are 2–6 µm wide, and cylindrical. They can be either smooth, or covered with scattered, warty or finger-like thin-walled brownish diverticulae. The underlying hyphae have a parallel arrangement, and are hyaline or brownish, dextrinoid, with short and inflated cells that are up to 35 µm wide. The stem cuticle is made of parallel, bent-over hyphae measuring 3–6 µm wide. These hyphae, as well as the terminal cells (caulocystidia), have characteristics similar to the hyphae of the cap cuticle. The flesh of the stem is composed of longitudinally arranged, cylindrical hyphae that are 6–20 µm wide, smooth, hyaline, and dextrinoid. Clamp connections are present in the cortical layer of cap and stem, and at the basal septa of the basidia.[2] Similar speciesM. lanuginosa closely resembles M. pilosella, a species originally described from Netherlands by Maas Geesteranus,[7] and the European species M. zephirus; both are in the section Fragilipedes. Mycena pilosella differs in several microscopic characteristics: it has densely diverticulate elements of the cap cuticle; long, cylindrical caulocystidia that diverge at a right angle; and it does not have pleurocystidia. Mycena zephirus is distinct in forming a whitish cap, a stem that is initially minutely hairly but later becomes smooth, radish-like odor, ellipsoid to cylindrical spores, and cheilocystidia with branches near the tip.[2]Habitat and distributionMycena lanuginosa is known only from Kanagawa, in Honshu, Japan. Fruit bodies are found solitary or scattered, on dead leaves and twigs in lowland forests dominated by the oak species Quercus myrsinifolia and Q. serrata. Fruiting occurs from March to November.[2]References1. ^1 {{cite journal |author=Maas Geesteranus RA. |title=Studies in Mycenas 15. A tentative subdivision of the genus Mycena in the northern Hemisphere |journal=Persoonia |volume=11 |pages=93–120}} [1][2][3][4]2. ^1 {{cite journal |author=Maas Geesteranus RA. |title=Conspectus of the Mycenas of the Northern Hemisphere 9. Section Fragilipedes, species I–R |journal=Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen. Series C |year=1988 |volume=91 |issue=1 |page=46}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite journal |author=Takahashi H. |year=2007 |title=Eight new species of the genus Mycena from central Honshu, Japan |journal=Mycoscience |volume=48 |issue=6 |pages=342–57 |doi=10.1007/s10267-007-0376-2}} 4. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://home.online.no/~araronse/Mycenakey/fragilipedes_sect.htm |title=Key to the European members of section Fragilipedes |author=Aronsen A |work=A key to Norwegian Mycenas |accessdate=2010-10-06}} }} External links
3 : Mycena|Fungi of Asia|Fungi described in 2007 |
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