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词条 Mycoestrogen
释义

  1. In food

  2. Types

  3. References

Mycoestrogens are estrogens produced by fungi. Among important mycoestrogens are zearalenone, zearalenol and zearalanol[1] Although all of these can be produced by various Fusarium species,[2][3] zearalenol and zearalanol may also be produced endogenously in ruminants that have ingested zearalenone.[4][5] Alpha-zearalanol is also produced semisynthetically, for veterinary use; such use is prohibited in the European Union.[6]

In food

Mycoestrogens are commonly found in stored grain. They can come from fungi growing on the grain as it grows, or after harvest during storage. Mycoestrogens can be found in silage.[7]

Types

  • trans ZEN isomer[8]

References

1. ^{{cite journal|last1=Fink-Gremmels|first1=J.|last2=Malekinejad|first2=H.|title=Clinical effects and biochemical mechanisms associated with exposure to the mycoestrogen zearalenone|journal=Animal Feed Science and Technology|date=October 2007|volume=137|issue=3-4|pages=326–341|doi=10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.06.008}}
2. ^{{cite journal|last1=Richardson|first1=Kurt E.|last2=Hagler|first2=Winston M.|last3=Mirocha|first3=Chester J.|title=Production of zearalenone, .alpha.- and .beta.-zearalenol, and .alpha.- and .beta.-zearalanol by Fusarium spp. in rice culture|journal=Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry|date=September 1985|volume=33|issue=5|pages=862–866|doi=10.1021/jf00065a024}}
3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Hsieh|first1=Han-Yun|last2=Shyu|first2=Ching-Lin|last3=Liao|first3=Chen-Wei|last4=Lee|first4=Ren-Jye|last5=Lee|first5=Maw-Rong|last6=Vickroy|first6=Thomas W|last7=Chou|first7=Chi-Chung|title=Liquid chromatography incorporating ultraviolet and electrochemical analyses for dual detection of zeranol and zearalenone metabolites in mouldy grains|journal=Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture|date=April 2012|volume=92|issue=6|pages=1230–1237|doi=10.1002/jsfa.4687|pmid=22012692}}
4. ^Miles, C. O., A. F. Erasmuson, A. L. Wilkins, N. R. Towers, B. L. Smith, I. Garthwaite, B. G. Scahill, and R. P. Hansen. 1996. Ovine metabolism of zearalenone to α-zearalanol (zeranol). J. Agr. Food Chem. 44: 3244-3250.
5. ^Kennedy, D. G., S. A. Hewitt, J. D. McEvoy, J. W. Currie, A. Cannavan, W. J. Blanchflower, and C. T. Elliot. 1998. Zeranol is formed from Fusarium spp. toxins in cattle in vivo. Food Additives and Contaminants 15: 393-400.
6. ^Thevis, M., Fußhöller, and W. Schänzer. 2011. Zeranol: doping offence or mycotoxin? A case‐related study. Drug Testing and Analysis 3: 777-783.
7. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=González Pereyra ML, Alonso VA, Sager R, Morlaco MB, Magnoli CE, Astoreca AL, Rosa CA, Chiacchiera SM, Dalcero AM, Cavaglieri LR | title = Fungi and selected mycotoxins from pre- and postfermented corn silage | journal = Journal of Applied Microbiology | volume = 104 | issue = 4 | pages = 1034–41 |date=April 2008 | pmid = 18005347 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03634.x | url = | issn = }}
8. ^{{cite journal|last1=Marin|first1=S.|last2=Ramos|first2=A.J.|last3=Cano-Sancho|first3=G.|last4=Sanchis|first4=V.|title=Mycotoxins: Occurrence, toxicology, and exposure assessment|journal=Food and Chemical Toxicology|date=October 2013|volume=60|pages=218–237|doi=10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.047}}
{{Xenoestrogens}}{{Estrogenics}}{{biochem-stub}}

1 : Mycoestrogens

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