| 词条 | Mykola Horbal |
| 释义 |
| name = Mykola Andriyovych Horbal | native_name = Микола Андрійович Горбаль | image = Horbal-Mykola-Andriyovych-15080092.jpg | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1940|09|10}} | birth_place = Gorlice County, General Government, Nazi Germany | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = Ukrainian | citizenship = {{Flag|Soviet Union}} (1940–1991) → {{Flag|Ukraine}} (1991–present) | alma_mater = | movement = dissident movement in the Soviet Union | other_names = | known_for = human rights activism with participation in the Ukrainian Helsinki Group | occupation = members of the Verkhovna Rada | awards = | website = }}Mykola Andriyovych Horbal ({{lang-uk|Мико́ла Андрі́йович Го́рбаль}}; born September 10, 1940) is a well-known Ukrainian dissident, human right activists, member of parliament of Ukraine, poet, and member of the Ukrainian Helsinki Group Early lifeMykola Horbal was born on September 10, 1940, in the village of Wołowiec in the Lemkivshchyna region, then administered as part of the General Government (German-occupied Poland), now in Gorlice County, Poland. In 1947, his family was moved to Ukraine, and they settled in the village of Letyache (Ternopil Oblast). From 1963 to 1970, Horbal worked as a music teacher. During this period, he first started creating poetry. First ArrestOn November 24, 1970, Horbal was arrested by the KGB and charged with Anti Soviet Agitation and Propaganda. He was sentenced to 5 years imprisonment and 2 years exile in Siberia.[1] Second ArrestOn release from prison and return to Ukraine, Horbal settled in Kiev, where he joined the Ukrainian Helsinki Group which had formed in 1976. All of the members of the group were arrested, and on October 23, 1979, Horbal was arrested and sentenced to 5 years hard labour.[1] Third ArrestIn 1984, having completed the 5-year term, Horbal was not released from incarceration, but was immediately sentenced to another term of 8 years of hard labour and 3 years in exile. However, this sentence was terminated in 1988 during the Perestroika. Political careerUpon release, Horbal immediately became active in Ukrainian politics. He served as a representative to the Kiev City Council from 1990 to 1994. He has served as a member of Parliament of Ukraine from 1994 till 1998.[2] PublicationsHorbal's works were first published outside of Ukraine. The first collection of his work was published in the United States in 1983. His first collection was entitled "Details of a Noisy Alarmclock" (Ukrainian: Деталі Піщаного Годинника), and the second publication was of poetry for children, a collection entitled "A Song for Little Andrew" (Ukrainian: Коломийка Для Андрійка). In 1986, a collection of his poetry was translated into German, and published in the collection "Here the End is Awaited" (Ukrainian: Тут Чекають Кінця). In 1992, Horbal was awarded the prestigious Vasyl Stus Prize for poetry.[1] State awards
References1. ^1 2 Микола Горбаль • УГСПЛ {{Soviet dissidents}}{{Ukrainian Helsinki Group}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Horbal, Mykola}}2. ^{{uk icon}} Невже і цього разу історія нас нічого не навчить?!, Batkivshchina (30 January 2010) 13 : 1940 births|Living people|People from Gorlice County|Lemkos|Second convocation members of the Verkhovna Rada|Soviet dissidents|Soviet human rights activists|Ukrainian dissidents|Ukrainian human rights activists|Ukrainian Helsinki Group|Recipients of the Order of Liberty (Ukraine)|Chevaliers of the Order of Merit (Ukraine)|Recipients of the Vasyl Stus Prize |
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