“Myrtillin”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Myrtillin

释义

Metabolism
References

{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 440231978
| Name = Myrtillin
| ImageFile = Mirtillin.svg
| ImageSize = 300px
| IUPACName = (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol chloride
| OtherNames = {{bulletedlist|Mirtillin|Myrtillin chloride|Delphinidin 3-glucoside|Delphinidol 3-glucoside|Delphinidin 3-O-glucoside|Delphinidin 3-monoglucoside|Delphinidine 3-monoglucoside|Delphinidin-3-glucoside chloride|Delphinidin 3-O-β-D-glucoside}}
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CASNo = 6906-38-3
| CASNo2_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}}
| CASNo2 = 26770-35-4
| PubChem = 165558
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 31463
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 391783
| SMILES = C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C2=C(C=C3C(=CC(=CC3=[O+]2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O.[Cl-]
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C21H20O12/c22-6-15-17(28)18(29)19(30)21(33-15)32-14-5-9-10(24)3-8(23)4-13(9)31-20(14)7-1-11(25)16(27)12(26)2-7/h1-5,15,17-19,21-22,28-30H,6H2,(H4-,23,24,25,26,27)/p+1/t15-,17-,18+,19-,21-/m1/s1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = XENHPQQLDPAYIJ-PEVLUNPASA-O
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = C₂₁H₂₁ClO₁₂
C₂₁H₂₁O₁₂⁺, Cl⁻
| MolarMass = 500.83 g/mol (chloride)
465.38 g/mol
| Appearance =
| Density =
| MeltingPt =
| BoilingPt =
| Solubility =
|Section3={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards =
| FlashPt =
| AutoignitionPt =
}}

Myrtillin is an anthocyanin. It is the 3-glucoside of delphinidin. It can be found in all green plants, most abundantly in blackcurrant, blueberry, huckleberry, bilberry leaves^[1]{{rs|date=October 2016}} and in various myrtles, roselle plants, and Centella asiatica plant.{{cn|date=October 2016}} It is also present in yeast and oatmeal.{{cn|date=October 2016}} The sumac fruit's pericarp owes its dark red colour to anthocyanin pigments, of which chrysanthemin, myrtillin and delphinidin have yet been identified.^[2]{{rs|date=October 2016}}

The various colors, such as red, mauve, purple, violet, and blue in Hydrangea macrophylla are developed from myrtillin complexes with metal ions called metalloanthocyanins.^[3]

Metabolism

The enzyme -O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase">anthocyanin 3-O-glucoside 6-O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase produces delphinidin 3-(6-p-coumaroyl)glucoside from myrtillin and p-coumaroyl-CoA in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway.^[4]

References

1. ^Bilberry Leaf on florahealth.com {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090205123323/http://www.florahealth.com/flora/home/USA/HealthInformation/Encyclopedias/BilberryLeaf.htm |date=February 5, 2009 }}
2. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20090819181412/http://www.spicesworld.net/sumac.php Sumac on spicesworld.net]
3. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Yoshida K, Mori M, Kondo T |title=Blue flower color development by anthocyanins: from chemical structure to cell physiology |journal=Nat. Prod. Rep. |volume=26 |issue=7 |pages=884–915 |year=2009 |pmid=19554240 |doi=10.1039/b800165k }}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kegg.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?rn:R07929 |title=Delphinidin 3-(6-p-coumaroyl)glucoside synthesis reaction on www.kegg.jp |publisher=Kegg.jp |date= |accessdate=2013-04-09}}

2 : Anthocyanidins|Flavonoid glucosides

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