1. Endemic mammals

2. Endemic birds

3. Endemic reptiles

4. Endemic amphibians

5. Endemic freshwater fishes

6. See also

7. References

8. External links

The endemic species of Taiwan are organisms that are endemic to the island of Taiwan— that is, they occur nowhere else on Earth.

Percentages of endemic animals of all living species in Taiwan.

Percentages of endemic plants of all living species in Taiwan.^[1]

Endemic mammals

• Order Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
  1. Formosan serow – Naemorhedus swinhoei (Gray)
  2. Order Insectivora (shrews)
  3. Formosan shrew – Soriculus fumidus Thomas
  4. Tada's shrew – Crocidura tadae Tokuda & Kano
  5. Koshun shrew – Soriculus sodalis Thomas
  6. Order Rodentia (rodents)
  7. Formosan field vole – Apodemus semotus Thomas
  8. Spinous country-rat – Niviventer coxingi (Swinhoe)
  9. Formosan white-bellied rat – Niviventer culturatus (Thomas)
  10. Kikuchi's field vole – Microtus kikuchii (Kuroda)
  11. Order Primate (primates)
  12. Formosan macaque – Macaca cyclopis (Swinhoe)
  13. Order Chiroptera (bats)
  14. Formosan long-eared bat – Plecotus taivanus Yoshiyuki
  15. Formosan mouse-eared bat – Myotis taiwanensis Linde
  16. Formosan tube-nosed bat – Murina puta Kishida
  17. Yellow-necked bat – Arielulus torquatus Gabor & Lee
  18. Formosan broad-muzzled bat – Myotis latirostris Kishida
  19. Formosan leaf-nosed bat – Hipposideros terasensis Kisida
  20. Formosan greater horseshoe bat – Rhinolophus formosae Sanborn
  21. Formosan lesser horseshoe bat – Rhinolophus monoceros Andersen

Endemic birds

17 endemic bird species and another 60 endemic subspecies of Taiwan have been identified (out of a total of 569 bird species). The seventeen endemic species make up about 3% of all birds living in Taiwan.

• Order Passeriformes (passerines and relatives)
  1. Yellow tit – Parus holsti Seebohm
  2. White-whiskered laughingthrush – Garrulax morrisonianus (Ogilvie-Grant)
  3. White-eared sibia – Heterophasia auricularis (Swinhoe)
  4. Taiwan yuhina – Yuhina brunneiceps Ogilvie-Grant
  5. Taiwan barwing – Actinodura morrisoniana Ogilvie-Grant
  6. Steere's liocichla – Liocichla steerii Swinhoe
  7. Taiwan blue magpie – Urocissa caerulea (Gould)
  8. Styan's bulbul – Pycnonotus taivanus Styan
  9. Taiwan whistling thrush – Myophonus insularis Gould
  10. Collared bush robin – Tarsiger johnstoniae (Ogilvie-Grant)
  11. Flamecrest – Regulus goodfellowi Ogilvie-Grant
  12. Taiwan bush warbler – Bradypterus alishanensis
  13. Taiwan hwamei – Garrulax taewanus

• Order Galliformes (chicken-like birds)
  1. Taiwan hill partridge – Arborophila crudigularis (Swinhoe)
  2. Mikado pheasant – Syrmaticus mikado (Ogilivie-Grant)
  3. Swinhoe's pheasant – Lophura swinhoii (Gould)

• Order Piciformes (woodpeckers and relatives)
  1. Taiwan barbet – Megalaima nuchalis

Endemic reptiles

• Order Squamata (lizards and snakes)
  1. Formosan smooth skink – Scincella formosensis (Van Denburgh)
  2. Taiwan forest skink – Sphenomorphus taiwanensis Chen & Lue
  3. Lanyu scaly-toed gecko – Lepidodactylus yami Ota
  4. Kikuchi's gecko – Gekko kikuchii (Oshima)
  5. Gekko guishanicus Lin and Yao, 2016
  6. Short-legged japalure – Diploderma brevipes Gressitt
  7. Diploderma luei Ota, Chen & Shang, 1998
  8. Maki's japalura – Diploderma makii Ota
  9. Swinhoe's japalura – Diploderma swinhonis Gunther
  10. Formosan legless lizard – Ophisaurus formosensis Kishida
  11. Formosan grass lizard – Takydromus formosanus Boulenger
  12. Sauteri grass lizard – Takydromus sauteri Van Denburgh
  13. Hsuehshan grass lizard – Takydromus hsueshanesis Lin & Cheng
  14. Stejneger's grass lizard – Takydromus stejnegeri Van Denburgh
  15. Hengchun blind snake – Typhlops koshunensis Oshima
  16. Taiwan slug-eating snake – Pareas formosensis (Van Dengurgh)
  17. Formosa odd-scaled snake – Achalinus formosanus Boulenger
  18. Black odd-scaled snake – Achalinus niger Maki
  19. Maki's keelback – Hebius miyajimae Maki
  20. Swinhoe's grass snake – Rhabdophis swinhonis (Günther)
  21. Formosa coral snake – Sinomicrurus sauteri (Steindachner)
  22. Taiwan pit viper – Trimeresurus gracilis Oshima

Endemic amphibians

• Order Anura (frogs and toads)
  1. Central Formosan toad – Bufo bankorensis
  2. Stejneger's narrow-mouthed toad – Micryletta steinegeri
  3. Swinhoe's brown frog — Odorrana swinhoana
  4. Taipa frog — Rana longicrus
  5. Sauter's brown frog — Rana sauteri
  6. Ota's stream tree frog – Buergeria otai
  7. Robust Buerger's frog – Buergeria robusta
  8. Kurixalus berylliniris
  9. Temple treefrog – Kurixalus idiootocus
  10. Kurixalus wangi
  11. Farmland green treefrog – Rhacophorus arvalis
  12. Orange-belly treefrog – Rhacophorus aurantiventris
  13. Moltrecht's green tree frog – Rhacophorus moltrechti
  14. Emerald green treefrog – Rhacophorus prasinatus
  15. Taipei green treefrog – Rhacophorus taipeianus
  16. Order Urodela (salamanders and newts)
  17. Alishan salamander – Hynobius arisanensis
  18. Formosan salamander – Hynobius formosanus
  19. Taiwan lesser salamander – Hynobius fuca
  20. Nanhu salamander – Hynobius glacialis
  21. Sonani's salamander – Hynobius sonani

Endemic freshwater fishes

• Order Cypriniformes (minnows and carp)
  1. Taitung river loach – Hemimyzon taitungensis Tzeng et Shen
  2. Formosan river loach – Hemimyzon formosanus (Boulenger)
  3. Shen's river loach – Hemimyzon sheni Chen et Fang
  4. River loach – Formosania lacustris (Steindachner)
  5. Pulin river loach – Sinogastromyzon puliensis Liang
  6. Rasborinus macrolepis (Regan) (extinct)
  7. Pararasbora moltrechti Regan
  8. Acrossocheilus paradoxus (Günther)
  9. Lake Candidus dace – Candidia barbata (Regan)
  10. Microphysogobio alticorpus Banarescu et Nalbant
  11. Taiwan ku fish – Onychostoma alticorpus (Oshima)
  12. Freshwater minnow – Opsariichthys pachycephalus Günther
  13. Gobiobotia cheni Banarescu et Nalbant
  14. Microphysogobio brevirostris (Günther)
  15. Aphyocypris kikuchii (Oshima)
  16. Squalidus iijimae (Oshima)

• Order Perciformes (perch-like fishes)
  1. Goby – Rhinogobius gigas Aonuma et Chen
  2. Goby – Rhinogobius formosanus Oshima
  3. Goby – Cryptocentrus yatsui Tomiyama
  4. Goby – Rhinogobius nantaiensis Aonuma et Chen
  5. Goby – Rhinogobius henchuenensis Chen et Shao
  6. Goby – Rhinogobius delicatus Chen et Shao
  7. Goby – Rhinogobius maculafasciatus Chen et Shao
  8. Goby – Rhinogobius rubromaculatus Lee et Chang
  9. Goby – Myersina yangii (Chen) (extinct)
  10. Goby – Rhinogobius lanyuensis Chen, Miller et Fang

• Order Siluriformes (catfishes)
  1. Formosan trooent catfish – Liobagrus formosanus Regan
  2. Bagrid catfish – Pseudobagrus adiposalis Oshima
  3. Bagrid catfish – Pseudobagrus brevianalis Regan

• Order Osmeriformes (smelts, galaxiids, and relatives)
  1. Ariake icefish – Salanx acuticeps Regan (extinct)

• Order Salmoniformes (salmons and trouts)
  1. Formosan landlocked salmon – Oncorhynchus formosanus (Jordan et Oshima)

See also

• List of protected species in Taiwan
• Ecology of Taiwan
• Category:Endemic flora of Taiwan
• Category:Endemic fauna of Taiwan

References

External links

• Taiwan Endemic Species Research Institute
• Taiwan Biodiversity National Information Network
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20090417013245/http://wagner.zo.ntu.edu.tw/tern/ Taiwan Ecological Research Network]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20081012113130/http://ecogrid.nchc.org.tw/ Ecogrid project]

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