| 词条 | List of government ministries of Thailand | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Government Ministries of Thailand ({{lang-th|กระทรวง: Krasuang)}} are the government agencies that compose the executive branch of the Government of Thailand. Each ministry is headed by a minister of state ({{lang-th|รัฐมนตรีว่าการกระทรวง}}, {{RTGS|Ratthamontri Wa Kan Krasuang}}) and, depending on the prime minister, several deputy ministers ({{lang-th|รัฐมนตรีช่วยว่าการกระทรวง)}} . The combined heads of these agencies form the Cabinet of Thailand. There are 19 ministries.[1] The combined employees of these departments make up the civil service of Thailand. MinistriesThe present structure of the Royal Thai Government is unchanged since the Administrative Reorganisation Act, BE 2545 (2002). The cabinet includes 19 ministries plus the Office of the Prime Minister (OPM):
HistoryDuring the Rattanakosin Period, the kingdom's administration was similar to that of the Ayutthaya Period. There were two chief ministers ({{lang-th|อัครมหาเสนาบดี: Akkhramahasenabodi)}}: the first running military affairs or samuhakalahom ({{lang-th|สมุหกลาโหม)}}, and the second Samuhanayok ({{lang-th|สมุหนายก)}} for civilian affairs. The civilian ministry was divided further into four kroms ({{lang-th|กรม)}}, headed by a senabodi ({{lang-th|เสนาบดี)}} or 'minister'. This type of administration was called the chatusadom ({{lang-th|จตุสดมภ์)}} : {{Old Thai-Ministry}}|Krom Nakhonban or Kromma Wiang |กรมนครบาล หรือ กรมเวียง |Senabodi |Cities and local administration |- |Kromma Wang |กรมวัง |Senabodi |Palace affairs |- |Kromma Khlang |กรมคลัง |Senabodi |Treasury and trade |- |Kromma Na |กรมนา |Senabodi |Agriculture and land |- |} King Chulalongkorn (Rama V), who had received a European education and traveled widely, reformed the administration of the state. In 1875, he issued a royal decree to bring about this reform, dividing and creating many departments, and thereby preventing the archaic system from collapsing. Rama V reformsThe administrative reforms of Chulalongkorn created six ministries ({{lang-th|กระทรวง: krasuang)}}, each headed by a minister of state or ({{lang-th|รัฐมนตรี}}, {{RTGS|ratthamontri}}): {{Old Thai-Ministry}}|Mahatthai Ministry |กระทรวงมหาดไทย |Minister |Local administration and the north |- |Kalahom Ministry |กระทรวงกลาโหม |Minister |Military and the south |- |Nakhonban Ministry |กระทรวงนครบาล |Minister |Bangkok and surrounding area |- |Wang Ministry |กระทรวงวัง |Minister |Palace affairs |- |Kan Khlang Ministry |กระทรวงการคลัง |Minister |Finance and commerce |- |Kasettrathikan Ministry |กระทรวงเกษตราธิการ |Minister |Agriculture and land |- |} A further four were soon added: {{Old Thai-Ministry}}|Kan Tang Prathet Ministry |กระทรวงการต่างประเทศ |Minister |Foreign affairs and relations |- |Yuttitham Ministry |กระทรวงยุติธรรม |Minister |Justice and the judiciary |- |Yothathikan Ministry |กระทรวงโยธาธิการ |Minister |Transport and communication (railways and telegrams) |- |Thammakan Ministry |กระทรวงธรรมการ |Minister |Education |- |} By 1900 the entire structure was formed. The ten ministries became the center of Siamese government and rule. After the 1932 Revolution, most of the ministries were retained by the Khana Ratsadon, however from then on the ministers were chosen by the prime minister and not the king. See also
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Government Agencies|url=http://www.opm.go.th/opmportal//index.asp?langs=2&pageid=1629&parent=1629&directory=12158&pagename=content1|website=Office of the Prime Minister (OPM) (Thailand)|accessdate=5 July 2016}} External links
4 : Government of Thailand|Government ministries of Thailand|Thailand politics-related lists|Lists of government ministries |
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