“List of Governors of Connecticut”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Governor of Connecticut is the elected head of the executive branch of Connecticut's state government, and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The governor has a duty to enforce state laws, and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Connecticut General Assembly and to convene the legislature.^[2] Unusual among U.S. governors, the Governor of Connecticut has no power to pardon.^[3] The Governor of Connecticut is automatically a member of the state's Bonding Commission. He is an ex-officio member of the Board of Trustees of the University of Connecticut and Yale University.

There have been 68 post-Revolution governors of the state, serving 72 distinct spans in office. The longest terms in office were in the state's early years, when four governors were elected to nine or more one-year terms. The longest was that of the first governor, Jonathan Trumbull, who served over 14 years, but 7 of those as colonial governor; the longest-serving state governor — with no other position included in the term — was his son, Jonathan Trumbull Jr., who served over 11 years. The shortest term was that of Hiram Bingham III, who served only one day before resigning to take an elected seat in the U.S. Senate. Lowell P. Weicker Jr., is noted for a rare third party win in American politics, having been elected to a term in 1990 representing A Connecticut Party.

The current governor is Ned Lamont, a Democrat who took office on January 9, 2019.

Governors

Connecticut was one of the original Thirteen Colonies and was admitted as a state on January 9, 1788.^[4] Before it declared its independence, Connecticut was a colony of the Kingdom of Great Britain.

Connecticut did not create a state constitution for itself until several decades after it became a state; until 1818, the state operated under the provisions of its colonial charter. The charter called for the election of a governor every year, but not more than once every two years, with the term commencing on the second Thursday in May.^[5]

The current Constitution of Connecticut, ratified in 1965, calls for a four-year term for the governor,^[6] commencing on the Wednesday after the first Monday in the January following an election.^[7] The previous constitution of 1818 originally had only a one-year term for governor; this was increased to two years in 1875,^[8] and four years in 1948.^[9] The 1875 amendment also set the start date of the term to its current date; before then, it was the first Wednesday in the May following an election.^[10] The constitution provides for the election of a lieutenant governor for the same term as the governor. The two offices are elected on the same ticket; this provision was added in 1962.^[11] In the event of a vacancy in the office of governor, the lieutenant governor becomes governor.^[12] Before the adoption of the 1965 constitution, the lieutenant governor only acted as governor.^[13] There is no limit of any kind on the number of terms one may serve.

Data is sourced from the National Governors Association, unless supplemental references are required.}}

{{abbr|No.|Number{{efn|According to the Connecticut State Library, the official listing goes back to the first governor of Connecticut Colony in 1639, and did not include repeat governors serving non-consecutive terms in the colonial period; this makes Trumbull the 16th governor.^[14] The official numbering since statehood includes repeat and acting governors.

Governor

Term in office

Party

Election

Lt. Governor{{efn|The office of Lieutenant Governor was known as Deputy-Governor under the colonial charter, but the name 'Lieutenant Governor' was predominantly used after independence.^[5]{{efn|Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.

Jonathan Trumbull

{{dts|October 10, 1776}}
–
May 13, 1784
(not candidate for election)

No party

The Connecticut General Assembly approved the United States Declaration of Independence on October 10, 1776, and resolved that the state's government would continue as established under the charter. So, as colonial governor, Jonathan Trumbull became state governor, serving roughly 14 years total.^[15]}}

Matthew Griswold

1777

1778

1779

1780

1781

1782

1783

Matthew Griswold

{{dts|May 13, 1784}}
–
May 11, 1786
(lost election)^[16]

Federalist

1784

Samuel Huntington

1785

Samuel Huntington

{{dts|May 11, 1786}}
–
January 5, 1796
(died in office)

Federalist

1786

Oliver Wolcott

1787

1788

1789

1790

1791

1792

1793

1794

1795

Oliver Wolcott

{{dts|January 5, 1796}}
–
December 1, 1797
(died in office)

Federalist

Lieutenant
Governor
acting as
Governor

Acting as Governor

1796

Jonathan Trumbull Jr.

1797

Jonathan Trumbull Jr.

{{dts|December 1, 1797}}
–
August 7, 1809
(died in office)

Federalist

Lieutenant
Governor
acting as
Governor

Acting as Governor

1798

John Treadwell

1799

1800

1801

1802

1803

1804

1805

1806

1807

1808

1809

John Treadwell

{{dts|August 7, 1809}}
–
May 9, 1811
(lost election)^[17]

Federalist

Lieutenant
Governor
acting as
Governor

Acting as Governor

1810

Roger Griswold

{{dts|May 9, 1811}}
–
October 25, 1812
(died in office)

Federalist

1811

John Cotton Smith

1812

John Cotton Smith

{{dts|October 25, 1812}}
–
May 8, 1817
(lost election)

Federalist

Lieutenant
Governor
acting as
Governor

Acting as Governor

1813

Chauncey Goodrich
(died August 18, 1815)

1814

1815

Vacant

1816

Jonathan Ingersoll{{efn|Represented the Democratic-Republican Party.}}
(died January 12, 1823)

Oliver Wolcott Jr.

{{dts|May 8, 1817}}
–
May 2, 1827
(lost election)

Toleration
Republican

1817

1818

1819

1820

1821

1822

Vacant

1823

David Plant{{efn|Represented the National Republican Party.|name=lt-natrep}}

1824

1825

1826

Gideon Tomlinson

{{dts|May 2, 1827}}
–
March 2, 1831
(resigned){{efn|Tomlinson resigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate.^[18]}}

Democratic-
Republican

1827

John Samuel Peters{{efn|name=lt-natrep}}

1828

1829

1830

John Samuel Peters

{{dts|March 2, 1831}}
–
May 1, 1833
(lost election)

National
Republican

Lieutenant
Governor
acting as
Governor

Acting as Governor

1831

Thaddeus Betts

1832

Henry W. Edwards

May 1, 1833}}
–
May 7, 1834
(lost election)

Democratic

1833

Ebenezer Stoddard

Samuel A. Foot

May 7, 1834}}
–
May 6, 1835
(lost election)

Whig

1834

Thaddeus Betts

Henry W. Edwards

{{dts|May 6, 1835}}
–
May 2, 1838
(not candidate for election)

Democratic

1835

Ebenezer Stoddard

1836

1837

William W. Ellsworth

{{dts|May 2, 1838}}
–
May 4, 1842
(lost election)

Whig

1838

Charles Hawley

1839

1840

1841

Chauncey Fitch Cleveland

{{dts|May 4, 1842}}
–
May 1, 1844
(lost election)

Democratic

1842

William S. Holabird

1843

Roger Sherman Baldwin

{{dts|May 1, 1844}}
–
May 6, 1846
(not candidate for election)

Whig

1844

Reuben Booth

1845

Isaac Toucey

May 6, 1846}}
–
May 5, 1847
(not candidate for election)

Democratic

1846

Noyes Billings

Clark Bissell

{{dts|May 5, 1847}}
–
May 2, 1849
(not candidate for election)

Whig

1847

Charles J. McCurdy

1848

Joseph Trumbull

May 2, 1849}}
–
May 4, 1850{{efn|name=date-1850}}
(not candidate for election)

Whig

1849

Thomas Backus

Thomas H. Seymour

{{dts|May 4, 1850}}{{efn|The constitutional start date for the term in 1850 was May 1; the delay may be because Seymour was chosen by the legislature after a close election.^[20]|name=date-1850}}
–
October 13, 1853
(resigned){{efn|Seymour resigned to be U.S. Minister to Russia.^[19]}}

Democratic

1850

Charles H. Pond

1851

Green Kendrick

1852

Charles H. Pond

1853

Charles H. Pond

October 13, 1853}}
–
May 3, 1854
(not candidate for election)

Democratic

Lieutenant
Governor
acting as
Governor

Acting as Governor

Henry Dutton

May 3, 1854}}
–
May 2, 1855
(lost election)

Whig

1854

Alexander H. Holley

William T. Minor

{{dts|May 2, 1855}}
–
May 6, 1857
(not candidate for election)

American

1855

William Field

1856

Albert Day

Alexander H. Holley

May 6, 1857}}
–
May 5, 1858
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1857

Alfred A. Burnham

William Alfred Buckingham

{{dts|May 5, 1858}}
–
May 2, 1866
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1858

Julius Catlin

1859

1860

1861

Benjamin Douglas

1862

Roger Averill

1863

1864

1865

Joseph Roswell Hawley

May 2, 1866}}
–
May 1, 1867
(lost election)

Republican

1866

Oliver Winchester

James E. English

{{dts|May 1, 1867}}
–
May 5, 1869
(lost election)

Democratic

1867

Ephraim H. Hyde

1868

Marshall Jewell

May 5, 1869}}
–
May 4, 1870
(lost election)

Republican

1869

Francis Wayland III

James E. English

May 4, 1870}}
–
May 16, 1871
(lost election){{efn|name=elect-1871}}

Democratic

1870

Julius Hotchkiss

Marshall Jewell

{{dts|May 16, 1871}}
–
May 7, 1873
(not candidate for election)

Republican

James English won the popular vote, but a canvassing committee found the election was fraudulent, and named Jewell governor several days into the term.^[20]|name=elect-1871}}

Morris Tyler

1872

Charles Roberts Ingersoll

{{dts|May 7, 1873}}
–
January 3, 1877
(not candidate for election)

Democratic

1873

George G. Sill

1874

This term was lengthened by 7 months due to a constitutional amendment moving the election schedule.}}

Richard D. Hubbard

January 3, 1877}}
–
January 9, 1879{{efn|name=date-1879}}
(lost election)

Democratic

First term under a constitutional amendment which lengthened terms to two years.}}

Francis Loomis

Charles B. Andrews

January 9, 1879}}{{efn|The constitutional start date for the term in 1879 was January 8; the delay may be because Andrews was chosen by the legislature after a close election.^[21]^[22]|name=date-1879}}
–
January 5, 1881
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1878

David Gallup

Hobart B. Bigelow

January 5, 1881}}
–
January 3, 1883
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1880

William H. Bulkeley

Thomas M. Waller

January 3, 1883}}
–
January 8, 1885{{efn|name=date-1885}}
(lost election)

Democratic

1882

George G. Sumner

Henry Baldwin Harrison

January 8, 1885}}{{efn|The constitutional start date for the term in 1885 was January 7; the delay may be because Harrison was chosen by the legislature after a close election.^[23]|name=date-1885}}
–
January 7, 1887{{efn|name=date-1887}}
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1884

Lorrin A. Cooke

Phineas C. Lounsbury

January 7, 1887}}{{efn|The constitutional start date for the term in 1887 was January 5; the delay may be because Lounsbury was chosen by the legislature after a close election.^[24]|name=date-1887}}
–
January 10, 1889{{efn|name=date-1889}}
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1886

James L. Howard

Morgan Bulkeley

{{dts|January 10, 1889}}{{efn|The constitutional start date for the term in 1889 was January 9; the delay may be because Bulkeley was chosen by the legislature after a close election.^[27]|name=date-1889}}
–
January 4, 1893
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1888

Samuel E. Merwin

Morgan Bulkeley did not run for re-election in 1890, but due to such a close contest and controversies, the results were not certified, and the legislature spent two years debating the issue; Bulkeley essentially served as governor by default.^[25]}}

Luzon B. Morris

January 4, 1893}}
–
January 9, 1895
(not candidate for election)

Democratic

1892

Ernest Cady

Owen Vincent Coffin

January 9, 1895}}
–
January 6, 1897
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1894

Lorrin A. Cooke

January 6, 1897}}
–
January 4, 1899
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1896

James D. Dewell

George E. Lounsbury

January 4, 1899}}
–
January 9, 1901
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1898

Lyman A. Mills

George P. McLean

January 9, 1901}}
–
January 7, 1903
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1900

Edwin O. Keeler

Abiram Chamberlain

January 7, 1903}}
–
January 4, 1905
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1902

Henry Roberts

January 4, 1905}}
–
January 9, 1907
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1904

Rollin S. Woodruff

January 9, 1907}}
–
January 6, 1909
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1906

Everett J. Lake

George L. Lilley

January 6, 1909}}
–
April 21, 1909
(died in office)

Republican

1908

Frank B. Weeks

April 21, 1909}}
–
January 4, 1911
(not candidate for election)

Republican

Lieutenant
Governor
acting as
Governor

Acting as Governor

Simeon Eben Baldwin

{{dts|January 4, 1911}}
–
January 6, 1915
(not candidate for election)

Democratic

1910

Dennis A. Blakeslee{{efn|Represented the Republican Party.|name=lt-rep}}

1912

Lyman T. Tingier

Marcus H. Holcomb

{{dts|January 6, 1915}}
–
January 5, 1921
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1914

Clifford B. Wilson

1916

1918

Everett J. Lake

January 5, 1921}}
–
January 3, 1923
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1920

Charles A. Templeton

January 3, 1923}}
–
January 7, 1925
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1922

Hiram Bingham III

January 7, 1925}}
–
January 8, 1925
(resigned){{efn|Bingham resigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate.^[26]}}

Republican

1924

John H. Trumbull

{{dts|January 8, 1925}}
–
January 7, 1931
(not candidate for election)

Republican

Lieutenant
Governor
acting as
Governor

Acting as Governor{{efn|Since Trumbull took over only one day into the term, nearly all sources describe J. Edwin Brainard as lieutenant governor during this term; however, constitutionally, he would have remained president of the senate and only acted as lieutenant governor. At least one contemporary news source describes him as such.^[27]}}

1926

J. Edwin Brainard

1928

Ernest E. Rogers

Wilbur Lucius Cross

{{dts|January 7, 1931}}
–
January 4, 1939
(lost election)

Democratic

1930

Samuel R. Spencer{{efn|name=lt-rep}}

1932

Roy C. Wilcox{{efn|name=lt-rep}}

1934

T. Frank Hayes

1936

Raymond E. Baldwin

January 4, 1939}}
–
January 8, 1941
(lost election)

Republican

1938

James L. McConaughy

Robert A. Hurley

January 8, 1941}}
–
January 6, 1943
(lost election)

Democratic

1940

Odell Shepard

Raymond E. Baldwin

{{dts|January 6, 1943}}
–
December 27, 1946
(resigned){{efn|Baldwin resigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate.^[28]}}

Republican

1942

William L. Hadden

1944

Charles Wilbert Snow{{efn|Represented the Democratic Party.|name=lt-dem}}

Charles Wilbert Snow

December 27, 1946}}
–
January 8, 1947
(successor took office)

Democratic

Lieutenant
Governor
acting as
Governor

Acting as Governor

James L. McConaughy

January 8, 1947}}
–
March 7, 1948
(died in office)

Republican

1946

James C. Shannon

March 7, 1948}}
–
January 5, 1949
(lost election)

Republican

Lieutenant
Governor
acting as
Governor

Acting as Governor{{efn|Robert E. Parsons is always listed as serving as lieutenant governor during this term, but constitutionally he likely would have remained president of the senate. However, questions were raised over whether or not they should fully succeed to the next office.^[29]}}

Chester Bowles

January 5, 1949}}
–
January 3, 1951
(lost election)

Democratic

1948

William T. Carroll

John Davis Lodge

January 3, 1951}}
–
January 5, 1955
(lost election)

Republican

First term under a constitution amendment which lengthened terms to four years.}}

Edward N. Allen

Abraham Ribicoff

{{dts|January 5, 1955}}
–
January 21, 1961
(resigned){{efn|Ribicoff resigned to become United States Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare.^[30]}}

Democratic

1954

Charles W. Jewett

1958

John N. Dempsey

{{dts|January 21, 1961}}
–
January 6, 1971
(not candidate for election)

Democratic

Lieutenant
Governor
acting as
Governor

Acting as Governor{{efn|Anthony J. Armentano is always listed as serving as lieutenant governor during this term, but constitutionally he likely would have remained president of the senate. This is the last time such a confusion would exist, as the 1965 constitution established a solid line of succession.}}

1962

Samuel J. Tedesco
(resigned January 15, 1966)

Fred J. Doocy

1966

Attilio R. Frassinelli

Thomas Meskill

{{dts|January 6, 1971}}
–
January 8, 1975
(not candidate for election)

Republican

1970

T. Clark Hull
(resigned June 1, 1973)

Peter L. Cashman

Ella Grasso

{{dts|January 8, 1975}}
–
December 31, 1980
(resigned){{efn|Grasso resigned due to ovarian cancer.^[31]}}

Democratic

1974

Robert K. Killian

1978

William A. O'Neill

{{CSS image crop

Image = W A ONeill.jpg

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William A. O'Neill

{{dts|December 31, 1980}}
–
January 9, 1991
(not candidate for election)

Democratic

Succeeded from
Lieutenant
Governor

Joseph J. Fauliso

1982

1986

Lowell Weicker

January 9, 1991}}
–
January 4, 1995
(not candidate for election)

A Connecticut Party

1990

Eunice Groark

John G. Rowland

{{dts|January 4, 1995}}
–
July 1, 2004
(resigned){{efn|Rowland resigned due to a federal corruption investigation;^[32] he later pleaded guilty to corruption.^[33]}}

Republican

1994

Jodi Rell

1998

2002

Jodi Rell

{{dts|July 1, 2004}}
–
January 5, 2011
(not candidate for election)

Republican

Succeeded from
Lieutenant
Governor

Kevin Sullivan{{efn|name=lt-dem}}

2006

Michael Fedele

Dannel Malloy

{{dts|January 5, 2011}}
–
January 9, 2019
(not candidate for election)

Democratic

2010

Nancy Wyman

2014

Ned Lamont

–
present{{efn>Lamont's first term expires on January 4, 2023.}}

Democratic

2018

Susan Bysiewicz

Notes

References

1. ^{{cite web | url=http://knowledgecenter.csg.org/kc/content/csg-releases-2013-governor-salaries | title=CSG Releases 2013 Governor Salaries | publisher=The Council of State Governments | date=June 25, 2013 | accessdate=November 23, 2014 }}
2. ^CT Const. art. IV
3. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.cga.ct.gov/2001/rpt/olr/htm/2001-r-0498.htm | title=Pardons Power in Connecticut | accessdate=June 13, 2008 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080613155510/http://www.cga.ct.gov/2001/rpt/olr/htm/2001-r-0498.htm | archivedate=June 13, 2008}}
4. ^{{cite web | url=http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/jan09.html | title=Today in History: January 9 | publisher=Library of Congress | accessdate=February 21, 2009}}
5. ^¹1662 Charter
6. ^CT Const. art. IV, § 1
7. ^CT Const. art. IV, § 2
8. ^1818 Const. amendment XVI
9. ^1818 Const. amendment XLV
10. ^1818 Const. art. IV § 1
11. ^1818 Const. new amendment VII
12. ^CT Const. art. IV § 19
13. ^1818 Const. art. IV § 14
14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cslib.org/gov/|title=Roster of Connecticut Governors|publisher=Connecticut State Library|accessdate=April 4, 2008}}
15. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.cslib.org/gov/trumbullj.htm | title=Jonathan Trumbull | publisher=Connecticut State Library | accessdate=2009-03-10 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081226081216/http://www.cslib.org/gov/trumbullj.htm | archivedate=2008-12-26 | df= }}
16. ^{{cite web | url=https://museumofcthistory.org/2015/08/matthew-griswold/ | title=Matthew Griswold | publisher=Connecticut State Library | accessdate=December 15, 2018}}
17. ^{{cite web | url=https://museumofcthistory.org/2015/08/john-treadwell/ | title=John Treadwell | publisher=Connecticut State Library | accessdate=December 17, 2018}}
18. ^{{cite web | url=https://classic.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_connecticut/col2-content/main-content-list/title_tomlinson_gideon.default.html | title=Gideon Tomlinson | publisher=National Governors Association | accessdate=December 17, 2018}}
19. ^¹{{cite web | url=https://classic.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_connecticut/col2-content/main-content-list/title_seymour_thomas.default.html | title=Thomas H. Seymour | publisher=National Governors Association | accessdate=December 17, 2018}}
20. ^{{cite web |url=https://classic.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_connecticut/col2-content/main-content-list/title_english_james.default.html |title=James Edward English |publisher=National Governors Association |accessdate=December 17, 2018}}
21. ^{{cite web | url=https://classic.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_connecticut/col2-content/main-content-list/title_andrews_charles.default.html | title=Charles Bartlett Andrews | publisher=National Governors Association | accessdate=December 19, 2018}}
22. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/329768159/?terms=andrews%2Bconnecticut%2Bgovernor | title=Governor Andrews' First Message | date=January 10, 1879 | work=New York Herald | location=New York City | accessdate=December 19, 2018}}
23. ^{{cite web | url=https://classic.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_connecticut/col2-content/main-content-list/title_harrison_henry.default.html | title=Henry Baldwin Harrison | publisher=National Governors Association | accessdate=December 19, 2018}}
24. ^{{cite web | url=https://classic.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_connecticut/col2-content/main-content-list/title_lounsbury_phineas.default.html | title=Phineas Chapman Lounsbury | publisher=National Governors Association | accessdate=December 19, 2018}}
25. ^¹{{cite web|url=http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_connecticut/col2-content/main-content-list/title_bulkeley_morgan.default.html |title=Morgan Gardner Bulkeley |publisher=National Governors Association |accessdate=August 29, 2016}}
26. ^{{cite web | url=https://classic.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_connecticut/col2-content/main-content-list/title_bingham_hiram.default.html | title=Hiram Bingham | publisher=National Governors Association | accessdate=December 17, 2018}}
27. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/369368641/ | title=Unknown title | work=Hartford Courant | location=Hartford, Connecticut | date=January 11, 1925 | quote=Acting Lieutenant-Governor Brainard, once a foundry hand... | accessdate=December 18, 2018}}
28. ^{{cite web | url=https://classic.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_connecticut/col2-content/main-content-list/title_baldwin_raymond.default.html | title=Raymond Early Baldwin | publisher=National Governors Association | accessdate=December 17, 2018}}
29. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/370025708/ | title=Doubt Cast on Parsons's Right to Title | work=Hartford Courant | location=Hartford, Connecticut | date=March 31, 1948 | accessdate=December 18, 2018}}
30. ^{{cite web | url=https://classic.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_connecticut/col2-content/main-content-list/title_ribicoff_abraham.default.html | title=Abraham Alexander Ribicoff | publisher=National Governors Association | accessdate=December 17, 2018}}
31. ^{{cite web | url=https://classic.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_connecticut/col2-content/main-content-list/title_grasso_ella.default.html | title=Ella T. Grasso | publisher=National Governors Association | accessdate=December 17, 2018}}
32. ^{{cite news | url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CEED91339F931A15755C0A9629C8B63 | title=Connecticut's Governor Steps Down | authors=William Yardley; Stacey Stowe; Avi Salzman and Alison Leigh Cowan | date=June 22, 2004 | work=The New York Times}}
33. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/24/nyregion/24rowland.html | title=An Ex-Governor Says He's Guilty | author=Robert D. McFadden | work=The New York Times | date=December 24, 2004}}

Governors

Notes

References

External links