“List of Governors of Malta”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

List of Governors of Malta

释义

The Governor
List of Governors (1801–1964)
Lieutenant Governors of Malta
Flag of the Governor
References

{{more references|date=February 2018}}{{Infobox official post
|post = Governor
|body = Malta
|insignia = Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom.svg
|insigniasize = 100px
|insigniacaption = Coat of Arms of the Governor of Malta
|image = Maitland and Louverture.jpg
|imagesize = 120px
|imagecaption = Sir Thomas Maitland
|style = His Excellency
|residence = Grandmaster's Palace in Valletta
|appointer = King/Queen of the United Kingdom
|appointer_qualified =
|precursor = Civil Commissioner of Malta
|formation = 23 July 1813
|first = Sir Thomas Maitland
|last = Sir Maurice Dorman
|abolished = 21 September 1964
|succession = Governor-General of Malta
|salary =
}}

The Governor of Malta ({{lang-mt|Gvernatur ta' Malta}}) was an official who ruled Malta during the British colonial period between 1813 and 1964. This office replaced that of the Civil Commissioner. Upon the end of British rule and the creation of the State of Malta in 1964, this office was replaced by the Governor-General, who represented the British Monarch and not the Government of the United Kingdom as did the Governor. The office of Governor-General was itself abolished in 1974 and replaced by the post of President when Malta became a Republic.

The Governor

The Governor, appointed by the British monarch (on the advice of the prime minister), maintained executive power in Malta throughout British rule. He was head of the executive council and the pre-independence government of Malta.

The Governor was the most powerful official in Malta.

The Governor was initially supported by a Lieutenant-Governor. For example, from ca.1813 to ca.1820, Major-General Sir William Hutchinson served as Lieutenant Governor^[1]. After the death of the Marquess of Hastings in 1826, the British government decided to downgrade the post of Governor to Lieutenant-Governor, with a reduced allowance. Sir Frederick Ponsonby was formally designated Lieutenant-Governor and Commander of the Malta Garrison^[2].

List of Governors (1801–1964)

{{small>(Birth–Death)	Portrait	Term of office
Lieutenant-General}} Sir Thomas Maitland {{small\|(1759–1824)}}	23 July 1813	17 January 1824
General}} The 1st Marquess of Hastings {{small\|(1754–1826)}}	22 March 1824	28 November 1826
Major-General}} Alexander George Woodford {{small\|(1782–1870)}} {{small\|Acting Governor}}	28 November 1826	15 February 1827
Major-General}} Sir Frederick Cavendish Ponsonby {{small\|(1783–1837)}}	15 February 1827	{{small>De jure until 30 September 1836}}
{{small>(1785–1857)}} {{small\|Acting Governor}}	May 1835	4 July 1836
Lieutenant-General}} Sir Thomas Evans {{small\|(1776–1863)}} {{small\|Acting Governor}}	4 July 1836	30 September 1836
Lieutenant-General}} Sir Henry Bouverie {{small\|(1783–1853)}}	1 October 1836	1843
General}} Sir Patrick Stuart {{small\|(1777–1855)}}	1843	October 1847
{{small>(1797–1880)}}	October 1847	13 May 1851
General}} Robert Ellice {{small\|(1784–1856)}} {{small\|Acting Governor}}	13 May 1851	27 October 1851
Major-General}} Sir William Reid {{small\|(1791–1858)}}	27 October 1851	1858
Lieutenant-General}} Sir John Le Marchant {{small\|(1803–1874)}}	1858	15 November 1864
Lieutenant-General}} Sir Henry Knight Storks {{small\|(1811–1874)}}	15 November 1864	15 May 1867
General}} Sir Patrick Grant {{small\|(1804–1895)}}	15 May 1867	3 June 1872
General}} Sir Charles van Straubenzee {{small\|(1812–1892)}}	3 June 1872	13 May 1878
General}} Sir Arthur Borton {{small\|(1814–1893)}}	10 June 1878	April 1884
General}} Sir Lintorn Simmons {{small\|(1821–1903)}}	April 1884	28 September 1888
Lieutenant-General}} Sir Henry Torrens {{small\|(1823–1889)}}	28 September 1888	1 December 1889
General}} Sir Henry Augustus Smyth {{small\|(1825–1906)}}	1890	1893
General}} Sir Arthur Lyon Fremantle {{small\|(1835–1901)}}	1893	6 January 1899
General}} Sir Francis Grenfell (The 1st Baron Grenfell {{small\|from July 1902}}) {{small\|(1841–1925)}}	6 January 1899	1903
General}} Sir Charles Clarke, {{small\|3rd Bt.}} {{small\|(1839–1932)}}	1903	1907
General}} Sir Henry Grant {{small\|(1848–1919)}}	1907	1909
General}} Sir Leslie Rundle {{small\|(1856–1934)}}	1909	February 1915
Field Marshal}} The 3rd Baron Methuen {{small\|(1845–1932)}}	February 1915	May 1919
Field Marshal}} The 1st Baron Plumer {{small\|(1857–1932)}}	1919	1924
General}} Sir Walter Norris Congreve {{small\|(1862–1927)}}	29 June 1924	28 February 1927
General}} Sir John Philip Du Cane {{small\|(1865–1947)}}	28 February 1927	1931
General}} Sir David Campbell {{small\|(1869–1936)}}	June 1931	12 March 1936
General}} Sir Charles Bonham-Carter {{small\|(1876–1955)}}	12 March 1936	1940
Lieutenant-General}} Sir William Dobbie {{small\|(1879–1964)}}	April 1940	May 1942
Field Marshal}} The 6th Viscount Gort {{small\|(1886–1946)}}	May 1942	26 September 1944
Lieutenant-General}} Sir Edmond Schreiber {{small\|(1890–1978)}}	26 September 1944	10 July 1946
{{small>(1889–1980)}}	10 July 1946	16 September 1949
{{small>(1897–1983)}}	16 September 1949	3 August 1954
Major-General}} Sir Robert Laycock {{small\|(1907–1968)}}	3 August 1954	13 February 1959
Admiral}} Sir Guy Grantham {{small\|(1900–1992)}}	13 February 1959	2 July 1962
{{small>(1902–1993)}}	2 July 1962	21 September 1964

Lieutenant Governors of Malta

Public Secretary

Arthur Baynes 1801
Alexander Macauley 1801
Samuel Taylor Coleridge 1804–1805
E.F. Chapman 1805
Rev. Francis Laing 1811–1813

Chief Secretary

Rev. Francis Laing 1813–1815
Alexander Wood 1815–1817
Richard Plasket 1817–1824
Sir Frederick Hankey 1824–1837
Sir Hector Greig 1837–1847
Henry Lushington 1847–1855
Sir Victor Houlton 1855–1883
Sir Walter Hely-Hutchinson 1883–1884

Lieutenant Governor

Sir Walter Hely-Hutchinson 1884–1889 (as Lieutenant Governor)
Sir Gerald Strickland 1889–1902 (as Chief Secretary)
Sir Edward Marsh Merewether 1902–1910 (as Lieutenant Governor and Chief Secretary)

Chief Secretary

Major John Eugene Clauson 1911–1914
Horace Archer Byatt 1914–1916
Sir William C. F. Robertson 1917–1925
Sir Thomas Alexander Vans Best 1925–1930
Sir Harry Charles Luke 1930–1938
John Adams Hunter 1938–1940
Sir Edward St. John Jackson 1940–1943
Sir David Campbell 1943–1952
Trafford Smith 1952–1959
Archibald Campbell 1959–1962

Flag of the Governor

{{gallery|mode=nolines|whitebg=y|height=100|align=center
|File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|Flag used from 1813 to 1875
|File:Flag of the Governor of Malta (1875–1898).svg|Flag used from 1875 to 1898
|File:Flag of the Governor of Malta (1898–1943).svg|Flag used from 1898 to 1943
|File:Flag of the Governor of Malta (1943–1964).svg|Flag used from 1943 to 1964
}}

References

1. ^Bulletins of State Intelligence, Etc., 1820, p.203. London, UK: R.G. Clarke
2. ^Malta Government Gazette 1826

5 : Governors and Governors-General of Malta|Crown Colony of Malta|Lists of governors|Lists of political office-holders in Malta|Governors-General of Malta

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