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词条 List of Hungarian monarchs
释义

  1. Semi-legendary rulers before the Conquest

  2. Grand Princes of Hungary

     House of Árpád 

  3. Kings of Hungary

     House of Árpád  House of Přemyslid (1301–1305)  House of Wittelsbach (1305–1307)  House of Anjou (1308–1395)  House of Luxembourg (1387–1437)  House of Habsburg (1437–1457)  House of Jagiellon (1440–1444)  House of Hunyadi (1458–1490)  House of Jagiellon (1490–1526)  House of Zápolya (1526–1570)  House of Habsburg (1526–1780)  House of Habsburg-Lorraine (1780–1918) 

  4. Timeline

  5. See also

  6. References

  7. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2013}}

For a list of presidents until present day, see List of heads of state of Hungary. For the semi-independent monarchs of Transylvania in the 16th and 17th centuries, see List of Princes of Transylvania.

This is a List of Hungarian monarchs, which includes the grand princes (895–1000) and the kings and ruling queens of Hungary (1000–1918).

The Principality of Hungary established 895 or 896, following the 9th-century Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin. The Kingdom of Hungary existed from 1000 (or arguably from 1001; the coronation of Saint Stephen) until 1918 (when Charles IV "renounced participation" in state affairs, but did not abdicate). The Árpád dynasty, the male-line descendants of Grand Prince Árpád, ruled Hungary continuously from 895 to 1301.

Semi-legendary rulers before the Conquest

PortraitNameMonarch FromMonarch UntilMarriage(s)Title
Levedi
Levedias, Lebedias, Lebedi		?{{circa}} 850 (?)A Khazar princessvoivode
Álmos
Almos, Almus		{{circa}} 850{{circa}} 895Unknownkende or gyula

(Son of Ügyek and Emese)

Grand Princes of Hungary

House of Árpád

{{Main|Árpád dynasty}}The king-list for the first half of the 10th century is often disputed, as the Hungarian nation consisted of several tribes led by various leaders. The most frequently proposed list is:
PortraitNameMonarch FromMonarch UntilMarriage(s)Relationship with Predecessor(s)
Árpád {{circa}} 895{{circa}} 907Unknown{{*}}Son of Álmos
Zoltán
Zolta		{{circa}} 907{{circa}} 947Menumorut's daughter (?){{*}}Son of Árpád
Fajsz
Falicsi 		{{circa}} 947{{circa}} 955Unknown{{*}}Grandson of Árpád
Taksony
Taxis, Tocsun		{{circa}} 955{{circa}} 972a "Cuman" woman{{*}}Son of Zoltán
Géza
Gejza		{{circa}} 972997Sarolt{{*}}Son of Taksony
Stephen
István		99725 December 1000Blessed Gisela of Bavaria{{*}}Son of Géza

Kings of Hungary

House of Árpád

PortraitNameStart of reignEnd of reignMarriage(s)Relationship with predecessor(s)
Saint Stephen I25 December 100015 August 1038Blessed Gisela of Bavaria{{*}}Son of Géza
Peter
the Venetian
(1st rule)		15 August 1038September 1041(1) Unknown
(2) Judith of Schweinfurt (?)		{{*}}Nephew of Stephen I
SamuelSeptember 10415 July 1044
Battle of Ménfő		Géza's daughter{{*}}Brother-in-law of Stephen I
Peter
the Venetian
(2nd rule)		5 July 1044September 1046(1) Unknown
(2) Judith of Schweinfurt (?)		{{*}}Nephew of Stephen I
Andrew I
the White		September 1046December 1060Anastasia of Kiev{{*}}Great-grandson of Taksony
Béla I
the Champion		6 December 106011 September 1063Richeza of Poland{{*}}Great-grandson of Taksony
{{*}}Younger brother of Andrew I
SolomonSeptember 106314 March 1074Judith of Swabia{{*}}Son of Andrew I
Géza I
Magnus		14 March 107425 April 1077(1) Sophia
(2) Synadene		{{*}}Son of Béla I
Saint Ladislaus I25 April 107729 July 1095(1) Unknown (?)
(2) Adelaide of Rheinfelden		{{*}}Son of Béla I
{{*}}Younger brother of Géza I
Coloman
the Learned		10953 February 1116(1) Felicia of Sicily
(2) Eufemia of Kiev		{{*}}Son of Géza I
Stephen II3 February 11161 March 1131Unnamed daughter of Robert I of Capua{{*}}Son of Coloman
Béla II
the Blind		28 April 113113 February 1141Helena of Rascia{{*}}Grandson of Géza I
{{*}}Cousin of Stephen II
Géza II16 February 114131 May 1162Euphrosyne of Kiev{{*}}Son of Béla II
Stephen IIIJune 11624 March 1172Agnes of Austria{{*}}Son of Géza II
Ladislaus II
(Anti-king)		June 116214 January 1163Unknown{{*}}Son of Béla II
{{*}}Younger brother of Géza II
Stephen IV
(Anti-king)		27 January 116311 April 1165Maria Komnene{{*}}Son of Béla II
{{*}}Younger brother of Géza II
Béla IIIMarch 117223 April 1196(1) Agnes of Antioch
(2) Margaret of France		{{*}}Son of Géza II
{{*}}Younger brother of Stephen III
EmericApril 119630 November 1204Constance of Aragon{{*}}Son of Béla III
Ladislaus III30 November 12047 May 1205Unmarried{{*}}Son of Emeric
Andrew II
the Jerosolimitan		29 May 120521 September 1235(1) Gertrude of Merania
(2) Yolanda de Courtenay
(3) Beatrice d'Este		{{*}}Son of Béla III
{{*}}Younger brother of Emeric
Béla IV
the Second Founder		14 October 12353 May 1270Maria Laskarina{{*}}Son of Andrew II
Stephen VMay 12706 August 1272Elizabeth the Cuman{{*}}Son of Béla IV
Ladislaus IV
the Cuman		3 September 127210 July 1290Elizabeth of Sicily{{*}}Son of Stephen V
Andrew III
the Venetian		23 July 129014 January 1301(1) Fenenna of Kuyavia
(2) Agnes of Austria		{{*}}Grandson of Andrew II

House of Přemyslid (1301–1305)

{{Main article|Přemyslid dynasty}}
Name
Reign		PortraitArmsBirth
Parentage		Marriage(s)
Issue		Death Comment
Wenceslaus
Ladislaus
27 August 1301
–
9 October 1305		 6 October 1289
Prague

Son of Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and Judith of Habsburg		 Viola of Teschen
5 October 1305
Prague

no issue		 4 August 1306
Olomouc
aged 16		 Great-great-grandson of Béla IV of Hungary

House of Wittelsbach (1305–1307)

{{Main article|House of Wittelsbach}}
Name
Reign		PortraitArmsBirth
Parentage		Marriage(s)
Issue		Death Comment
Otto
9 October 1305
–
May 1307		 11 February 1261
Burghausen

Son of Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria and Elizabeth of Hungary		 (1) Catherine of Habsburg
January 1279
no issue
(2) Agnes of Glogau
18 May 1309
two children		 9 November 1312
Landshut
aged 51		 Grandson of Béla IV of Hungary

House of Anjou (1308–1395)

{{Main article|Capetian House of Anjou}}
Name
Reign		PortraitArmsBirth
Parentage		Marriage(s)
Issue		Death Comment
Charles I
Charles Robert
17 November 1308
–
16 July 1342		 1288
Naples

Son of Charles Martel of Anjou and Clemence of Austria		 (4) Elizabeth of Poland
6 July 1320
Visegrád

five children		 16 July 1342
Visegrád
aged 53–54		 Great-grandson of Stephen V of Hungary
Louis I
the Great
21 July 1342
–
10 September 1382		 5 March 1326
Visegrád

Son of Charles I of Hungary and Elizabeth of Poland		 (1) Margaret of Bohemia
3 August 1342
Visegrád
no issue
(2) Elizabeth of Bosnia
20 June 1353
Buda
three children		 10 September 1382
Nagyszombat
aged 56		 King of Hungary and Poland
Mary
17 September 1382
–
31 December 1385		 14 April 1371
Buda

Daughter of Louis the Great and Elizabeth of Bosnia		 Sigismund of Luxembourg
1 November 1385
Buda

one child		 17 May 1395
Buda
aged 24		 First Queen(-regnant) of Hungary
1st reign
Charles II
the Short
31 December 1385
–
24 February 1386		 1345
Naples

Son of Louis of Durazzo and Margaret of Sanseverino		 Margaret of Durazzo
24 January 1369
Naples

three children		 24 February 1386
Visegrád
aged 41		 Great-great-grandson of Stephen V of Hungary
King of Hungary and Naples
Mary
with Sigismund (1387–)
24 February 1386
–
17 May 1395		 14 April 1371
Buda

Daughter of Louis the Great and Elizabeth of Bosnia		 Sigismund of Luxembourg
1 November 1385
Buda

one child		 17 May 1395
Buda
aged 24		 2nd reign

House of Luxembourg (1387–1437)

{{Main article|House of Luxembourg}}
Name
Reign		PortraitArmsBirth
Parentage		Marriage(s)
Issue		Death Comment
Sigismund
with Mary (1387–1395)
31 March 1387
–
9 December 1437		 14 February 1368
Nuremberg

Son of Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor and Elizabeth of Pomerania		 (1) Mary of Hungary
1 November 1385
Buda
one child
(2) Barbara of Cilli
6 December 1405
Székesfehérvár
two children		 9 December 1437
Znojmo
aged 69		 Fourth great-grandson of Béla IV of Hungary and husband of Mary, Queen of Hungary

House of Habsburg (1437–1457)

{{Main article|House of Habsburg}}
Name
Reign		PortraitArmsBirth
Parentage		Marriage(s)
Issue		Death Comment
Albert
the Magnanimous
18 December 1437
–
27 October 1439		 10 August 1397
Vienna

Son of Albert IV, Duke of Austria and Joanna Sophia of Bavaria		 Elizabeth of Luxembourg
19 April 1422
Vienna

four children		 27 October 1439
Neszmély
aged 42		 Seventh great-grandson of Géza II of Hungary and son-in-law of Sigismund of Luxembourg
Ladislaus V
the Posthumous
15 May 1440
–
23 November 1457		 22 February 1440
Komárom

Son of Albert of Habsburg and Elizabeth of Luxembourg		 never married
no issue		 23 November 1457
Prague
aged 17		 King of Hungary and Bohemia and Duke of Austria
  • 27 October 1439 – 19 December 1442: Queen Regent Elizabeth of Luxembourg
  • 7 May 1445 – 6 June 1446: Seven Captains of the Realm
  • 6 June 1446 – January 1453: Regent John Hunyadi

House of Jagiellon (1440–1444)

{{Main article|House of Jagiellon}}
Name
Reign		PortraitArmsBirth
Parentage		Marriage(s)
Issue		Death Comment
Vladislaus I
Vladislaus of Varna
17 July 1440
–
10 November 1444		 31 October 1424
Kraków

Son of Vladislaus II of Jagiellon and Sophia of Halshany		 never married
no issue		 10 November 1444
Varna
aged 20		 Fourth great-grandson of Béla IV of Hungary

House of Hunyadi (1458–1490)

{{Main article|House of Hunyadi}}
Name
Reign		PortraitArmsBirth
Parentage		Marriage(s)
Issue		Death Comment
Matthias I
the Just
24 January 1458
–
6 April 1490		 23 February 1443
Kolozsvár

Son of John Hunyadi and Elisabeth Szilágyi		 (1) Catherine of Poděbrady
1 May 1463
Buda
no issue
(2) Beatrice of Naples
22 December 1476
Székesfehérvár
no issue		 6 April 1490
Vienna
aged 47		 No relationship with predecessors

House of Jagiellon (1490–1526)

{{Main article|House of Jagiellon}}
Name
Reign		PortraitArmsBirth
Parentage		Marriage(s)
Issue		Death Comment
Vladislaus II
Vladislaus Dobže
15 July 1490
–
13 March 1516		 1 March 1456
Kraków

Son of Casimir IV of Jagiellon and Elizabeth of Austria		 Anne of Foix-Candale
29 September 1502
Székesfehérvár

two children		 13 March 1516
Buda
aged 60		 Grandson of Albert of Habsburg

King of Hungary and Bohemia

Louis II
13 March 1516
–
29 August 1526		 1 July 1506
Buda

Son of Vladislaus II of Hungary and Anne of Foix-Candale		 Mary of Austria
4 June 1508
Székesfehérvár

no issue		 29 August 1526
Mohács
aged 20		 King of Hungary and Bohemia

House of Zápolya (1526–1570)

{{Main article|Zápolya family}}
Name
Reign		PortraitArmsBirth
Parentage		Marriage(s)
Issue		Death Comment
John I
John Zápolya
11 November 1526
–
July 1540		 1487
Szepesváralja

Son of Stephen Zápolya and Hedwig of Cieszyn		 Isabella Jagiellon
2 March 1539
Székesfehérvár

one child		 July 1540
Szászsebes
aged 53		 Sixth great-grandson of Béla IV
Contested by Ferdinand I
John II
John Sigismund
13 September 1540
–
16 August 1570		 7 July 1540
Buda

Son of John I of Hungary and Isabella Jagiellon		 never married
no issue		 14 March 1571
Gyulafehérvár
aged 30		 Elected King of Hungary
Contested by Ferdinand I and Maximilian

House of Habsburg (1526–1780)

{{Main article|House of Habsburg}}
Name
Reign		PortraitArmsBirth
Parentage		Marriage(s)
Issue		Death Comment
Ferdinand I
17 December 1526
–
25 July 1564		 10 March 1503
Alcalá de Henares

Son of Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile		 Anne of Bohemia
26 May 1521
Linz

fifteen children		 25 July 1564
Vienna
aged 61		 Tenth great-grandson of Géza II and brother-in-law of Louis II
Contested by John I of Zápolya and John Sigismund
Maximilian
26 July 1564
–
12 October 1576		 31 July 1527
Vienna

Son of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Anne of Bohemia		 Maria of Spain
13 September 1548
Valladolid

fifteen children		 12 October 1576
Regensburg
aged 49		 Son of Ferdinand I
Contested by John Sigismund until 1570
Rudolph
12 October 1576
–
26 June 1608		 18 July 1552
Vienna

Son of Maximilian (II), Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Maria of Spain		 Unmarried 20 January 1612
Prague
aged 59		 Son of Maximilian
Matthias II
26 June 1608
–
20 March 1619		 24 February 1557
Vienna

Son of Maximilian (II), Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Maria of Spain		 Anna of Tyrol
4 December 1611
Vienna

no issue		 20 March 1619
Vienna
aged 62		 Son of Maximilian and younger brother of Rudolph
Ferdinand II
20 March 1619
–
15 February 1637		 9 July 1578
Graz

Son of Charles II, Archduke of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria		 (1) Maria Anna of Bavaria
23 April 1600
Graz
seven children
(2) Eleonora Gonzaga
2 February 1622
Innsbruck
no issue		 15 February 1637
Vienna
aged 58		 Grandson of Ferdinand I and cousin of Rudolph and Matthias
Gabriel Bethlen
25 August 1620
–
31 December 1621		 15 November 1580
Ilia, Hunedoara
 25 November 1629
Alba Iulia
aged 49		 King-elect of Hungary from 1620 to 1621, never crowned.
Ferdinand III
15 February 1637
–
2 April 1657		 13 July 1608
Graz

Son of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Maria Anna of Bavaria		 (1) Maria Anna of Spain
20 February 1631
Vienna
six children
(2) Maria Leopoldine of Austria
2 July 1648
Linz
one children
(3) Eleonora Gonzaga
30 April 1651
Wiener Neustadt
four children		 2 April 1657
Vienna
aged 48		 Son of Ferdinand II
Ferdinand IV
16 June 1647
–
9 July 1654		 8 September 1633
Vienna

Son of Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Maria Anna of Spain		 Never married
no children		 9 July 1654
Vienna
aged 20		 Son and co-ruler of Ferdinand III
Leopold I
2 April 1657
–
5 May 1705		 9 June 1640
Vienna

Son of Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Maria Anna of Spain		 (1) Margaret Theresa of Spain
12 December 1666
Vienna
four children
(2) Claudia Felicitas of Austria
15 October 1673
Graz
two children
(3) Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
14 December 1676
Passau
ten children		 5 May 1705
Vienna
aged 64		 Son of Ferdinand III
Joseph I
5 May 1705
–
17 April 1711		 26 July 1678
Vienna

Son of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg		 Wilhelmine Amalia of
Brunswick-Lüneburg
24 February 1699
Vienna

three children		 17 April 1711
Vienna
aged 32		 Son of Leopold I
Charles III
17 April 1711
–
20 October 1740		 1 October 1685
Vienna

Son of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg		 Elisabeth Christine of
Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
1 August 1708
Barcelona

four children		 20 October 1740
Vienna
aged 55		 Son of Leopold I and younger brother of Joseph I
Maria Theresa
20 October 1740
–
29 November 1780		 13 May 1717
Vienna

Daughter of Charles III, (IV) Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel		 Francis Stephen of Lorraine
12 February 1736
Vienna

sixteen children		 29 November 1780
Vienna
aged 63		 Daughter of Charles III

House of Habsburg-Lorraine (1780–1918)

{{Main article|House of Habsburg-Lorraine}}
Name
Reign		PortraitArmsBirth
Parentage		Marriage(s)
Issue		Death Comment
Joseph II
the Hat King[1]
29 November 1780
–
20 February 1790		 13 March 1741
Vienna

Son of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria		 (1) Isabella of Parma
6 October 1760
Vienna
two children
(2) Maria Josepha of Bavaria
13 January 1765
Vienna
no issue		 20 February 1790
Vienna
aged 48		 Son of Maria Theresa, and Holy Roman Emperor
Leopold II
20 February 1790
–
1 March 1792		 5 May 1747
Vienna

Son of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria		 Maria Luisa of Spain
5 August 1765
Innsbruck

sixteen children		 1 March 1792
Vienna
aged 44		 Son of Maria Theresa, younger brother of Joseph II
Francis
1 March 1792
–
2 March 1835		 12 February 1768
Florence

Son of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain		 (1) Elisabeth of Württemberg
(2) Maria Theresa of Naples
(3) Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este
(4) Caroline Augusta of Bavaria

thirteen children		 2 March 1835
Vienna
aged 67		 Son of Leopold II
Ferdinand V
the Benign
2 March 1835
–
2 December 1848		 19 April 1793
Vienna

Son of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily		 Maria Anna of Savoy
27 February 1831
Vienna

no issue		 29 June 1875
Prague
aged 82		 Son of Francis
Francis Joseph I
2 December 1848
–
21 November 1916		 18 August 1830
Vienna

Son of Archduke Franz Karl of Austria and Princess Sophie of Bavaria		 Elisabeth of Bavaria
24 April 1854
Vienna

four children		 21 November 1916
Vienna
aged 86		 Nephew of Ferdinand V
Charles IV
Blessed Charles
21 November 1916
–
16 November 1918		 17 August 1887
Persenbeug-Gottsdorf

Son of Archduke Otto of Austria and Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony		 Zita of Bourbon-Parma
21 October 1911
Schwarzau

eight children		 1 April 1922
Funchal
aged 34		 Great-nephew of Francis Joseph I

Timeline

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  bar:Kingdom of Hungary  from: 1000    till:    1301   color: arpadok       text:Árpáds  from: 1301    till:    1308   color: interregnum   text:  from: 1308    till:    1395   color: anjou         text:Anjou  from: 1395    till:    1437   color: luxemburg     text:Lux.  from: 1438    till:    1458   color: vegyeshazi    text:Other  align:center textcolor:black fontsize:8 mark:(line,black) width:25 shift:(5,-5)  from: 1458    till:    1490   color: hunyadi       text:Huny.  from: 1490    till:    1526   color: jagello       text:Jag.  from: 1711    till:    1780   color: habsburg      text:  align:center textcolor:black fontsize:8 mark:(line,black) width:25 shift:(5,-5)  from: 1780    till:    1918   color: habsburglotharingiai   text:Habsburg-Lorraine  align:center textcolor:black fontsize:8 mark:(line,black) width:25 shift:(30,-5)  from: 1920    till:    1945   color: horthy                 text:Horthy
  align:center textcolor:black fontsize:8 mark:(line,black) width:25 shift:(10,-5)  bar:Eastern Hungarian Kingdom  from: 1526   till:    1570   color: szapolyai               text:Szapolyai
  bar:Royal Hungary  from: 1526   till:    1711   color: habsburg   text:Habsburg
  bar:Principality of Transylvania   align:center textcolor:black fontsize:8 mark:(line,black) width:25 shift:(10,-5)  from: 1556   till:    1690   color: erdely   text:Princes of Transylvania   from: 1690   till:    1704   color: habsburg   text:   from: 1704   till:    1711   color: erdely   text:   from: 1711   till:    1780   color: habsburg   text:   align:center textcolor:black fontsize:8 mark:(line,black) width:25 shift:(15,-5)   from: 1780    till:    1867   color: habsburglotharingiai   text:Habsburg-Lorraine
   bar:Ottoman Empire  align:center textcolor:black fontsize:8 mark:(line,black) width:25 shift:(-5,-5)   from: 1526   till:    1718   color: torok   text:Ottoman sultans
    at:895 shift:(50,190) color:black text:895 Hungarian Conquest    at:1000 shift:(70,180) color:black text:1000 Coronation of King Stephen I    at:1526 shift:(45,190) color:black text:1526 Battle of Mohács    at:1570 shift:(45,180) color:black text:1570 Treaty of Speyer    at:1718 shift:(45,190) color:black text:1718 Treaty of Passarowitz    at:1867 shift:(25,200) color:black text:1867 Ausgleich    at:1918 shift:(45,180) color:black text:1920 Treaty of Trianon

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See also

{{Portal|Hungary|Austria-Hungary}}
  • Kings of Hungary family tree
  • List of heads of state of Hungary
  • List of Prime Ministers of Hungary
  • List of palatines of Hungary

References

[2]
[3][4][5][6]
1. ^In its 1849 Declaration of Independence the Hungarian National Assembly declared that Joseph II was not a true King of Hungary because he was never crowned with the Crown of St. Stephen.
2. ^Allan Ellenius, Wim Blockmans, European Science Foundation; The Origins of the Modern State in Europe: 13th to 18th Centuries, Oxford University Press, 1998
3. ^Bálint Hóman, Gyula Szekfű, Gyula Szekfu; Magyar történet; Királyi Magyar Egyetemi Nyomda, 1938
4. ^Štefan Holčík; Korunovačné slávnosti, Bratislava 1563–1830, Tatran, 1986
5. ^Jenő Vértesy; Kölcsey Ferencz, Nyomatott a Magyar királyi Egyetemi könyvnyomdában, 1885
6. ^Slovenská akadémia vied; Historický časopis, Vydatelʹstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied, 1985

External links

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20081203150554/http://www.magyarorszag.hu/orszaginfo/adatok/tortenelem/uralkodok.html Rulers and Heads of State of Hungary]
  • Hungarian Dynasties
{{Hungarian kings}}{{Hungary articles}}

5 : Lists of monarchs|Heads of state of Hungary|Hungarian monarchs|Hungary-related lists|Lists of European rulers
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