“Naval Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Naval Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service

释义

Aims
Publications
Directors
Notes
External links

The Naval Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service ({{lang-fr|Service hydrographique et océanographique de la Marine}} or SHOM) is a French public establishment of an administrative nature ({{lang-fr|établissement public à caractère administratif}}) administered by the Ministry of Defence. It is the successor to the Dépôt des cartes et plans de la Marine, founded in 1720 which became the Naval Hydrographic Service in 1886 and the Naval and Oceanographic Service in 1971. Its present form was set up by decree number 2007-800 on 11 May 2007.^[1] Its board is presided over by the Chief of Staff of the French Navy ({{lang-fr|Chef d'État-Major de la Marine}}) and the body is directed by a director-general.

Aims

This public body has several aims, including the provision of :

a public service in hydrography and maritime cartography, including the collection, elaboration, confirmation and spread of nautical information useful to civil or naval navigators and to all who sail for professional or pleasure, as well as those responsible for care of the coast
to support the navy's hydrographers, oceanographers and meteorologists concerning specific information on maritime matters to ensure the optimal running of the navy's weapons systems (radar, sonar, infra-red sensors, carrier-borne aircraft etc.).

SHOM is made up of oceanographic and hydrographic groups, as well as a school, and employs 500 naval and civil personnel. Its fleets consists of 5 boats: the Beautemps-Beaupré, the Borda, the La Pérouse, the Laplace and the Pourquoi-Pas ?. SHOM works in cooperation with many other national organisations, including IFREMER (with whom it shares the Pourquoi-Pas ?), Météo-France, the CNRS, the University of Western Brittany and the IGN.

It participates in international hydrographic projects and programmes co-ordinated by the International Hydrographic Organization, of which France is a member.

Publications

Among the SHOM's nautical publications are

maritime charts in paper or electronic form ("cartes électroniques de navigation" or ENC)
signal books, containing audio and visual signals for ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore use, as well as details of French lighthouses
Radio signal-books, for radio-electric navigation aids and radio-communications
nautical instructions and nautical instructions for those who sail for pleasure
tidal almanacks and atlas of currents
Guides and works on navigation :
- navigator's guides
- a guide to the symbols and abbreviations on maritime charts (1D)
- International rules for preventing maritime accidents (Réglement international pour prévenir les abordages en mer, or RIPAM) (2A and 2B)
- Maritime signals (3C)
the "Groupe d'avis aux navigateurs", a weekly bulletin with corrections to the above works

Directors

Year of appointment	Name
2010	IGA Bruno Frachon
2005	IGA Gilles Bessero
2000	IGA Yves Desnoes

Notes

1. ^Decree number 2007-800 of 11 May 2007

External links

SHOM - official site

{{Établissement public à caractère administratif}}{{Expand list|date=February 2011}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Naval Hydrographic And Oceanographic Service}}

4 : National hydrographic offices|Oceanographic organizations|French naval components|Maritime organizations

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