“Nemesysco”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Nemesysco is an Israeli company that sells voice analysis programs marketed for fraud prevention, the detection of emotion, stress management, and other purposes. The company's products have been put into use by insurance companies, call centers, banks and airports, but their use has raised questions about whether the underlying technology is based on pseudoscience.

History

The company was founded in 2000 by Amir Liberman, an Israeli businessman with no college education or formal training in mathematics, computer science or speech science.^[1] Despite the founder's lack of experience in the field and what one journal described as the program's "amateurish" programming,^[1] the company's products have been put into service by insurance companies Admiral Group and Esure,^[2] and by the Waupun, Wisconsin police department.^[3]

The company describes its software as "honesty maintenance" software, with applications including its use in human resourcing during interviews to determine the honesty of the applicant.^[4]

But after spending 2.4 million pounds on tests over three years, the Department for Work and Pensions revoked its funding for the program, saying that it "couldn't confirm that it represented any good value for money."^[5]

The program was also used for a study looking for links between the vocal performance of company executives and their firms' future financial performance.^[6]

Nemesysco is represented and its products are marketed by V Worldwide in the United States^[7]^[8]

Assessments

Government, academic and peer-reviewed studies have found major flaws in "layered voice analysis," the technique used by Nemesysco's products. A report for the U.S. Department of Justice assessing the program's ability to detect deception found that it "failed consistently," with high rates of both false positives and false negatives.^[9] A University of Florida study conducted a year earlier had found that LVA "misclassified the low-stress and truthful samples with great frequency."^[10]

A third paper, published in the International Journal of Speech, Language and the Law, classified Nemesysco's programs as "charlatanry" and said that independent analyses had authoritatively debunked the company's claims because "the evidence against them is just too overwhelming to motivate any more reliability tests."^[1] The paper was pulled from the journal's website—but not withdrawn—after Liberman threatened to sue for libel, claiming that the researchers did not actually use his company's products.^[11]

That paper's findings were defended by David Beaver, a professor of linguistics at the University of Texas at Austin, who called Nemesysco a "bullshit lie detector company run by a charlatan."^[12]

A subsequent review, published in Homeland Security Affairs, found results similar to those of the three previous studies, showing that Nemesysco's LVA software was "unable to detect deception above chance levels."^[13]

References

1. ^¹²{{cite journal| last = Eriksson | first = Anders | authorlink = |author2=Francisco Lacerda | title = Charlatanry in forensic speech science: A problem to be taken seriously | journal = The International Journal of Speech, Language and the Law | volume = 14 | issue = 2 | pages = 169–193 | year = 2007 | language = | url = | jstor = | issn = 1748-8885 | doi = 10.1558/ijsll.2007.14.2.169 | id = | mr = | zbl = | jfm = | accessdate = }}
2. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/insurance/2871936/%27We-can-tell-if-you%27re-fibbing%27.html|title='We can tell if you're fibbing'|last=Hunter|first=Teresa|date=2003-12-16|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=2009-02-02}}
3. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/tech/columnist/kevinmaney/2003-09-02-maney_x.htm|title=The truth is out there, and lie-detection technology just might find it|last=Maney|first=Kevin|date=2003-09-03|work=USA Today|accessdate=2009-02-02}}
4. ^{{cite news | title = App Tells You How You Feel | publisher = Wall Street Journal | date = 2014-03-10 | url = https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303824204579421242295627138 | accessdate = 2014-03-12}}
5. ^{{cite news | last = Lomas | first = Natasha | title = DWP kills funding for benefit fraud-finding tech | newspaper = ZDNet | location = | pages = | language = | publisher = CBS Interactive | date = 2010-11-11 | url = http://www.zdnet.com/dwp-kills-funding-for-benefit-fraud-finding-tech-3040153890/ | accessdate = 2012-07-24}}
6. ^<{{cite journal | last = Mayew | first = William J. | authorlink = |author2=Mohan Venkatachalam | title = The Power of Voice: Managerial Affective States and Future Firm Performance | journal = The Journal of Finance | volume = 67 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–44 | date = 2012-01-17 | language = | jstor = | issn = | doi = 10.1111/j.1540-6261.2011.01705.x | id = | mr = | zbl = | jfm = }}
7. ^{{cite news | last = McCreary | first = Lew | title = Finding Truth in a Vendor's Pitch | newspaper = CSO | location = Framingham, Massachusetts | pages = | language = | publisher = CXO Media Inc. | date = 2006-05-01 | url = http://www.csoonline.com/article/print/220869 | accessdate = 2012-07-24 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://archive.is/20130120033517/http://www.csoonline.com/article/print/220869 | archivedate = 2013-01-20 | df = }}
8. ^{{cite news | last = Heingartner | first = Douglas | title = It's the Way You Say It, Truth Be Told | newspaper = The New York Times | location = New York City | pages = | language = | publisher = | date = 2004-07-01 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2004/07/01/technology/it-s-the-way-you-say-it-truth-be-told.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm | accessdate = 2012-07-24}}
9. ^{{cite journal | last = Damphousse | first = Kelly R. | authorlink = | title = Assessing the Validity of Voice Stress Analysis Tools in a Jail Setting | journal = | volume = | issue = | pages = | publisher = National Criminal Justice Reference Service | location = Washington, D.C. | date = 2007-03-31 | language = | url = https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/219031.pdf | jstor = | issn = | doi = | id = | mr = | zbl = | jfm = | accessdate = 2012-07-19}}
10. ^{{cite journal | last = Hollien | first = H. | authorlink = |author2=J.D. Harnsberger | title = Voice Stress Analyzer Instrumentation Evaluation | journal = | issue = | pages = | publisher = Institute for Advanced Study of Communication Processes | location = Gainesville, Florida | date = 2006-02-28 | language = | url = http://www.voicestress.org/VoiceStress(FloridaStudy).pdf | jstor = | issn = | doi = | id = | mr = | zbl = | jfm = | accessdate =}}
11. ^{{cite news | last = Cho | first = Adrian | title = Brouhaha Over Controversial Forensic Technology: Journal Caves to Legal Threat | newspaper = Science | location = | pages = | language = | publisher = American Association for the Advancement of Science | date = 2009-02-13 | url = http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2009/02/10-01.html | accessdate = 2012-07-19 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120619104953/http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2009/02/10-01.html | archivedate = 2012-06-19 | df = }}
12. ^{{cite web | last = Beaver | first = David | authorlink = | title = Industrial bullshitters censor linguists | work = Language Log | publisher = University of Pennsylvania Institute for Research in Cognitive Science | date = 2009-04-30 | url = http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=1390 | format = | doi = | accessdate = 2012-07-22}}
13. ^{{cite journal | last = Elkins | first = Aaron C. | authorlink = |author3=Judee Burgoon |author2=Jay Nunamaker | title = Vocal Analysis Software for Security Screening: Validity and Deception Detection Potential | journal = Homeland Security Affairs | volume = 8 | issue = DHS Centers of Excellence Science and Technology Student Papers | pages = | date = 2012-03-01 | language = | url = http://www.hsaj.org/?special:fullarticle=supplement.4.1 | jstor = | issn = | doi = | id = | mr = | zbl = | jfm = | accessdate = 2012-07-22}}

History

Assessments

References

External links