词条 | List of national parks of Sweden | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
National parks of Sweden are managed by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ({{lang-sv|Naturvårdsverket}}) and owned by the state. The goal of the national park service is to create a system of protected areas that represent all the distinct natural regions of the country.[1] In 1909, Sweden became the first country in Europe to establish such parks when nine were opened following the Riksdag passing of a law on national parks that year. This was followed by the establishment of seven parks between 1918 and 1962 and thirteen between 1982 and 2009, with the latest being Kosterhavet National Park.[1] There are currently 29 national parks in Sweden, comprising a total area of 731,589 hectares (1,807,796 acres);[2] six more are scheduled to open by 2013.[4] According to the EPA, Swedish national parks must represent unique landscape types and be effectively protected and used for research, recreation, and tourism without damaging nature.[3] Mountain terrain dominates approximatively 90% of the parks' combined area. The reason for this is the extensive mountain areas taken up by the large northern parks—Sarek National Park and Padjelanta National Park each cover approximately {{convert|200000|ha|acre|abbr=off}}.[6][7] Many of the northern parks are part of the Laponian area, one of Sweden's UNESCO World Heritage Sites due to its preserved natural landscape and habitat for the native reindeer-herding Sami people.[4] The southernmost parks—Söderåsen National Park, Dalby Söderskog National Park and Stenshuvud National Park—are covered with broadleaf forest and together cover approximately {{convert|2000|ha|acre|0|sigfig=2|abbr=on}}.[9][10][11] Fulufjället National Park is part of PAN Parks,[12] a network founded by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) to provide better long-term conservation and tourism management of European national parks.[5] {{clear}}National parks{{legend|#B3E0E4|This along with * indicates that the national park is part of a World Heritage Site|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}{{legend|#F7D0CD|This along with ** indicates that the national park is a Protected Area Network Park|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}
Future national parksIn 2008, after investigations and interviews with the participating counties, the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency laid down a plan to establish 13 new national parks in the near future. According to the plan, seven of the parks will be established between 2009 and 2013, the first being Kosterhavet National Park which was inaugurated in September 2009. It is currently unknown when the six remaining parks will be established.[40]
See also
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Nature-conservation-and-wildlife/Nature-conservation-and-species-protection/National-parks-and-other-ways-to-protect-nature/|title=National parks and other ways to protect nature|publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)|accessdate=2009-06-11|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110307142117/http://naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Nature-conservation-and-wildlife/Nature-conservation-and-species-protection/National-parks-and-other-ways-to-protect-nature/|archivedate=2011-03-07|df=}} {{National parks of Sweden}}{{Sweden topics}}{{Europe in topic|List of national parks of|countries_only=yes}}{{Portal bar|Environment|Ecology|Sweden}}{{featured list}}2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/sv/Start/Naturvard/Skydd-av-natur/Nationalparker/|title=Nationalparker|language=Swedish|publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)|accessdate=2011-06-18|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/69NELrGcH?url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/sv/Start/Naturvard/Skydd-av-natur/Nationalparker/|archivedate=2012-07-23|df=}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Start/Naturvard/Skydd-av-natur/Nationalparker/Forslag-till-nya-nationalparker/Fakta-om-nationalparker/|title=Fakta om nationalparker|language=Swedish|publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)|accessdate=2011-06-18|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130113202619/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Start/Naturvard/Skydd-av-natur/Nationalparker/Forslag-till-nya-nationalparker/Fakta-om-nationalparker/|archivedate=2013-01-13|df=}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=31&id_site=774|title=Laponian Area|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|accessdate=2009-06-11}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.panparks.org/Introduction/Vision|archive-url=https://archive.is/20030613113554/http://www.panparks.org/Introduction/Vision|dead-url=yes|archive-date=2003-06-13|title=Vision|publisher=PAN Parks|accessdate=2009-06-25}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/|title=National Parks in Sweden|publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)|accessdate=2009-06-11}} 7. ^{{cite web| title=Abisko National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Abisko-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26}} 8. ^{{cite web| title=Ängsö National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Angso-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110325115708/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Angso-National-Park/| archivedate=2011-03-25| df=}} 9. ^{{cite web| title=Björnlandet National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Bjornlandet-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110326165158/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Bjornlandet-National-Park/| archivedate=2011-03-26| df=}} 10. ^{{cite web| title=Blå Jungfrun National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Bla-Jungfrun-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110326165203/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Bla-Jungfrun-National-Park/| archivedate=2011-03-26| df=}} 11. ^1 {{cite web|title=Dalby Söderskog National Park |url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Dalby-Soderskog-National-Park/ |publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency) |accessdate=2009-02-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110326165208/https://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Dalby-Soderskog-National-Park/ |archivedate=2011-03-26 |df= }} 12. ^{{cite web| title=Djurö National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Djuro-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110326165214/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Djuro-National-Park/| archivedate=2011-03-26| df=}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=Färnebofjärden National Park |url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Farnebofjarden-National-Park/ |publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency) |accessdate=2009-02-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110825100907/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Farnebofjarden-National-Park/ |archivedate=2011-08-25 |df= }} 14. ^1 {{cite web| title=Fulufjället National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Fulufjallet-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26}} 15. ^{{cite web| title=Garphyttan National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Garphyttan-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110325115713/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Garphyttan-National-Park/| archivedate=2011-03-25| df=}} 16. ^{{cite web| title=Gotska Sandön National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Gotska-Sandon-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26}} 17. ^{{cite web| title=Hamra National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Hamra-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110326164628/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Hamra-National-Park/| archivedate=2011-03-26| df=}} 18. ^{{cite web| title=Haparanda Archipelago National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Haparanda-Skargard-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26}} 19. ^{{cite web| title = Kosterhavets webbplats| url = http://www.lansstyrelsen.se/vastragotaland/Projektwebbar/Kosterhavet/| publisher =Västra Götaland County Administrative Board| language = Swedish|trans-title=Website of the Kosterhavet Marine National Park|accessdate =2009-09-10}} 20. ^{{cite web| url= http://www.naturvardsverket.se/sv/Arbete-med-naturvard/Satsning-pa-havsmiljo/Skydd-av-marina-omraden/Kosterhavet-planeras-bli-Sveriges-forsta-marina-nationalpark/| title =Kosterhavet blir Sveriges första marina nationalpark| publisher =Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| language = Swedish| accessdate = 2009-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090330195818/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/sv/Arbete-med-naturvard/Satsning-pa-havsmiljo/Skydd-av-marina-omraden/Kosterhavet-planeras-bli-Sveriges-forsta-marina-nationalpark/|archivedate=2009-03-30}} 21. ^{{cite news| url = http://www.svd.se/nyheter/inrikes/artikel_2618793.svd| title = Sveriges första marina nationalpark| date = 2009-03-19|work = Svenska Dagbladet| language = Swedish| accessdate =2009-09-10}} 22. ^{{cite web| title=Kosterhavet National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Kosterhavet-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-09-14}} 23. ^{{cite web| title=Muddus National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Muddus-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26}} 24. ^{{cite web| title=Norra Kvill National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Norra-Kvill-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110325115724/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Norra-Kvill-National-Park/| archivedate=2011-03-25| df=}} 25. ^1 {{cite web| title=Padjelanta National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Padjelanta-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110325115533/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Padjelanta-National-Park/| archivedate=2011-03-25| df=}} 26. ^{{cite web| title=Pieljekaise National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Pieljekaise-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110325115538/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Pieljekaise-National-Park/| archivedate=2011-03-25| df=}} 27. ^{{cite web| title=Sånfjället National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Sanfjallet-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110325115544/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Sanfjallet-National-Park/| archivedate=2011-03-25| df=}} 28. ^1 {{cite web| title=Sarek National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Sarek-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26}} 29. ^{{cite web|title=Skuleskogen National Park |url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Skuleskogen-National-Park/ |publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency) |accessdate=2009-02-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110326164643/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Skuleskogen-National-Park/ |archivedate=2011-03-26 |df= }} 30. ^1 {{cite web| title=Söderåsen National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Soderasen-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110325115734/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Soderasen-National-Park/| archivedate=2011-03-25| df=}} 31. ^1 {{cite web| title=Stenshuvud National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Stenshuvud-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket Swedish Environmental Protection Agency| accessdate=2009-02-26}} 32. ^{{cite web| title=Stora Sjöfallet National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Stora-Sjofallet-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110325115739/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Stora-Sjofallet-National-Park/| archivedate=2011-03-25| df=}} 33. ^{{cite web| title=Store Mosse National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Store-Mosse-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110325115608/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Store-Mosse-National-Park/| archivedate=2011-03-25| df=}} 34. ^{{cite web| title=Tiveden National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Tiveden-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26}} 35. ^{{cite web| title=Töfsingdalen National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Tofsingdalen-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110326165245/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Tofsingdalen-National-Park/| archivedate=2011-03-26| df=}} 36. ^{{cite web| title=Tresticklan National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Tresticklan-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26}} 37. ^{{cite web| title=Tyresta National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Tyresta-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110326165014/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Tyresta-National-Park/| archivedate=2011-03-26| df=}} 38. ^{{cite web| title=Vadvetjåkka National Park| url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Vadvetjakka-National-Park/| publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)| accessdate=2009-02-26| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://archive.is/20121224173601/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/In-English/Start/Enjoying-nature/National-parks-and-other-places-worth-visiting/National-Parks-in-Sweden/Vadvetjakka-National-Park/| archivedate=2012-12-24| df=}} 39. ^{{cite web |title=Åsnen blir Sveriges 30:e nationalpark |url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Nyheter-och-pressmeddelanden/Nyhetsarkiv/Nyheter-och-pressmeddelanden-2018/Asnen-blir-Sveriges-30e-nationalpark/ |website=Naturvardsverket |publisher=PRESSMEDDELANDE |accessdate=19 March 2019}} 40. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Start/Naturvard/Skydd-av-natur/Nationalparker/Forslag-till-nya-nationalparker/Ny-nationalparksplan/|title=Ny nationalparksplan för Sverige|publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)|language=Swedish|accessdate=2009-06-11|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130113233618/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Start/Naturvard/Skydd-av-natur/Nationalparker/Forslag-till-nya-nationalparker/Ny-nationalparksplan/|archivedate=2013-01-13|df=}} 41. ^1 2 {{cite news|url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/sv/Arbete-med-naturvard/Skydd-och-skotsel-av-vardefull-natur/Nationalparker/Forslag-till-nya-nationalparker/|title=Förslag till nya nationalparker|publisher=Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency)|language=Swedish|accessdate=2009-06-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081225000717/http://www.naturvardsverket.se/sv/Arbete-med-naturvard/Skydd-och-skotsel-av-vardefull-natur/Nationalparker/Forslag-till-nya-nationalparker/|archivedate=2008-12-25}} 4 : National parks of Sweden|Lists of national parks|Sweden geography-related lists|Lists of tourist attractions in Sweden |
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