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词条 New Zealand State Highway 3
释义

  1. History

  2. Route

  3. Route changes

  4. Future improvements

  5. Spur sections

  6. Major junctions

  7. See also

  8. References

  9. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}{{Use New Zealand English|date=June 2015}}{{infobox road
|country=NZL
|type=SH
|route=3
|map=NZ-SH3 map.png
|length_km=500
|direction_a=North
|direction_b=South
|terminus_a= SH 1 at Hamilton
|junction=
|destinations=Te Awamutu, Otorohanga, Te Kuiti, New Plymouth, Hawera, Whanganui, Palmerston North
|terminus_b= SH 2 at Woodville
|previous_type=SH
|previous_route=2
|next_type=SH
|next_route=4
}}

State Highway 3 (SH 3) is one of New Zealand's eight national state highways. It serves the west coast of the country's North Island and forms a link between State Highway 1 and State Highway 2. Distances are measured from north to south.

For most of its length SH 3 is a two-lane single carriageway, with at-grade intersections and property accesses, both in rural and urban areas.

History

A Mokau - Awakino horse track was widened to a dray track about 1897.[1] It was then possible for a horse and buggy to cover the {{Convert|110|mi||abbr=on}} - now 162km - from New Plymouth to Te Kuiti in 17½ hours.[2] The first car to traverse the route from Auckland to New Plymouth seems to have been an 8 hp Cadillac in 1905, though Otorohanga to Te Kuiti was by train and, between Awakino and Mokau, a horse assisted on the beach.[3]

A 1910 Te Kuiti meeting called for metalling of the road to Awakino.[4] Mt Messenger tunnel opened in 1916 and its single lane was enlarged about 1983.[5] £3,000 (2016 equivalent $280,000)[6] was provided in 1919[7] for the Awakino Gorge section, including the tunnel (enlarged in 2011),[8] and it was opened in March 1923 at a total cost of about £60,000[9] (2016 equivalent $5.8m).[6] Most of the route was gazetted as a government main highway in 1924,[10] some sections were tar-sealed in 1925[11] and more work had been done on the road by 1936, leaving only a few mud sections.[12] By 1949 the road was sealed as far south as Te Kuiti and the reinforced concrete bridge over the Waipa at Otorohanga had been started.[13]

The {{Convert|12|ft|m|abbr=on}} wide, single-lane,[11] 11-span, {{Convert|670|ft|m|abbr=on}}, steel,[14] Mokau Bridge[15] opened in October 1927[16] (official opening 17 December), replacing a punt. The cost was £35,000[17] (2016 equivalent $3.3m).[6] It had a lifting span allowing passage of vessels up to {{Convert|50|ft|m|abbr=on}} wide and with a {{Convert|60|ft|m|abbr=on}} clearance at high tide.[15] In 2001 the 1927 bridge was replaced by the current 9-span, {{Convert|230|m|yd|abbr=on}}, double lane, pre-stressed concrete bridge for $6.2m[18] (2016 equivalent $8.5m).[6] The new bridge doesn't allow for shipping, as the first ship to pass under the old lifting span was withdrawn three months after the bridge opened.[19]

An 1871 account of a coach journey from New Plymouth to Wellington described the very poor road round the coast via Opunake to Whanganui and the much better and well used road south from there. A government subsidy of £3,000 (2016 equivalent $400,000)[6] a year was being paid for the coach north of Whanganui.[20]

Route

The highway leaves SH 1 at Hamilton, and initially heads south through farmland, passing through Te Awamutu. Sections of this stretch of the road are four-laned, but not divided carriageway. From Otorohanga it follows the valley of the Waipa River to Te Kuiti. The road then turns southwest through sparsely settled farmland, crossing several ridges before following the Awakino gorge to reach the coast, which it follows around the North Taranaki Bight. At the Tongaporutu River the highway turns inland to avoid coastal cliffs and climbs over Mount Messenger before descending via the Mimi River valley to return to the coast near Urenui. Bypassing Waitara, it reaches New Plymouth then turns inland, passing to the east of Mount Taranaki via Inglewood, Stratford and Eltham to Hawera.

From Hawera the highway follows the coast of the South Taranaki Bight southeastwards to Patea and Whanganui before meeting SH 1 again at Bulls. SH 1 and 3 share their route for 6 km as they cross the Rangitikei River to Sanson, where SH 3 continues southeast towards Palmerston North. After crossing the Manawatu River, the route follows its south bank through the Manawatu Gorge to its terminus and junction with SH 2 at Woodville in the Wairarapa.

Both the Awakino and Manawatu gorges are prone to closure by slips and rockslides in heavy rain.

Route changes

Construction of a bypass of Bell Block, a satellite town of New Plymouth, was completed in 2010. The bypass is a four-lane, divided expressway with an interchange at Henwood Road providing access to Bell Block.[21]

In 2016, a section of SH 3 in Taranaki was realigned replacing the "deadly" Normanby overbridge.[22]

Future improvements

On 27 January 2016, funding was announced for road bypasses of the two tunnels north of New Plymouth. Construction of the Mount Messenger and Awakino Gorge tunnel bypasses was expected to begin within two years.[23]

State Highway 3 will also form part of the future/proposed Southern Links motorway project in the South/West of Hamilton and Tamahere.[24]

The highway through the Manawatu Gorge between Ashhurst and Woodville was closed in April 2017 due to a large slip, with SH 3 traffic diverted via Saddle Road. Contractors were pulled out of clearing the slip in July 2017 due to ongoing geological movement in the hill, closing the road indefinitely.[25] The NZTA is fast-tracking a long-term solution to bypass and replace the gorge, although it is not expected to be in place before 2023.

Other improvements include:

  • An upgrade of SH 3 in New Plymouth from Vickers Road to the city[26]

Spur sections

{{infobox road small
|country=NZL
|type=SH
|route=3A
|length_km=15.6
|length_round=1
|location=SH 3 west of Waitara – SH 3 at Inglewood
}}

SH 3 has one spur, designated State Highway 3A. This 15.6 km stretch links State Highway 3 just west of Waitara to Inglewood, providing a shortcut and bypass of New Plymouth. The entire length of highway carries the name Mountain Road with the sole exception being a very short link of Rata Street in Inglewood to rejoin SH 3.

{{Clear}}

Major junctions

Territorial authority Location km jct Destinations Notes
Hamilton CityMelville 0 country=NZL|SH|1|dir1=north|name1=Kahikatea Drive}} – Auckland
{{jct|country=NZL|SH|1|dir1=south|name1=Lorne Street}} – Rotorua, Taupo		 SH 3 begins
1 Normandy Ave – City Centre, Rotorua country=NZL|SH|1}}/Thermal Explorer Highway south
Waipa District Hamilton Airport 10 country=NZL|SH|21|name1=Airport Road}} – Airport, Mystery CreekThe roundabout was completed in June 2016 at a cost about $4.5 million to improve safety, after five deaths in five years.[27]
Otorohanga District Otorohanga 55 country=NZL|SH|31}}/{{jct|country=NZL|SH|39}} (Te Kanawa Street) – Kawhia, Ngaruawahia Alternative route to Auckland, bypassing Hamilton
Waitomo District Hangatiki 65 country=NZL|SH|37|name1=Waitomo Caves Road}} – Waitomo Caves[28] about {{Convert>60|mabbr=on} north of the previous junction.[29] It followed two deaths in 2012.[30]
Te Kuiti 76 country=NZL|SH|30|name1=Awakino Road}} – Rotorua, Taupo
Eight Mile Junction 88 country=NZL|SH|4}} – Taumarunui, National Park
New Plymouth District Brixton 229 country=NZL|SH|3A|name1=Mountain Road|nolink1=y}} – Inglewood, Whanganui Alternative route to Southern Taranaki, bypassing New Plymouth
New Plymouth240country=NZL|SH|44|name1=Eliot Street}} – Port Taranaki
{{jct|country=NZL|SH|45|dir1=eastbound|name1=Courtenay Street}}
country=NZL|SH|45|dir1=westbound|name1=Leach Street}} – City Centre, Opunake
Inglewood 258 country=NZL|SH|3A|name1=Rata Street|nolink1=y}} – Hamilton Alternative route to Hamilton, bypassing New Plymouth
Stratford District Stratford 279 country=NZL|SH|43|name1=Regan Street}} – Taumarunui
South Taranaki District Hawera 310 country=NZL|SH|45|name1=South Road}} – Opunake
Whanganui District Whanganui 402 Whanganui River
Putiki country=NZL|SH|4|name1=Putiki Drive}} – City Centre, National Park
Wikitoria Road – Whanganui Airport
Rangitikei DistrictBulls 445 country=NZL|SH|1|dir1=north|name1=High Street}} – Taupo SH 1/SH 3 concurrency begins
447Rangitikei River
Manawatu District
Sanson 450 country=NZL|SH|1|dir1=south|name1=Wellington Road}} – Wellington SH 1/SH 3 concurrency ends
Newbury 468 country=NZL|SH|54|name1=Kairanga Bunnythorpe Road}} – Feilding
Palmerston North CityAshhurst488 Manawatu River
country=NZL|SH|57|name1=Fitzherbert East Road}} – Levin
Tararua District 495 Manawatu River
Woodville 500 country=NZL|SH|2|dir1=north|name1=Vogel Street}} – Napier
{{jct|country=NZL|SH|2|dir1=south|name1=McLean Street}} – Masterton, Wellington		 SH 3 ends

See also

  • List of New Zealand state highways
  • List of roads and highways, for notable or famous roads worldwide
  • Public transport in Hamilton and Waikato

References

1. ^{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH18970621.2.21&srpos=23&zto=1|title=Communication Between Auckland And Taranaki.|date=1897-06-21|newspaper=New Zealand Herald|pages=5|access-date=2016-05-20}}
2. ^{{Cite news|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/TH19020411.2.2|title=Overland to Auckland.|date=1902-04-11|work=Taranaki Herald|access-date=2018-02-16|pages=1}}
3. ^{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19050405.2.86&srpos=10&zto=1|title=Through King Country On A Motor.|date=1905-04-05|newspaper=New Zealand Herald|pages=6|access-date=2016-05-20}}
4. ^{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=WAIGUS19100118.2.28&zto=1|title=King Country Roads.|date=1910-01-18|newspaper=Waikato Argus|pages=4|access-date=2016-05-28}}
5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://ketenewplymouth.peoplesnetworknz.info/taranaki_tunnels/topics/show/1135-mt-messenger-tunnel-shw-3|title=Mt Messenger Tunnel - SHW 3|last=Ron|website=ketenewplymouth.peoplesnetworknz.info|access-date=2016-05-20}}
6. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite web|url=http://www.rbnz.govt.nz/monetary-policy/inflation-calculator|title=Inflation calculator - Reserve Bank of New Zealand|website=www.rbnz.govt.nz|access-date=2016-05-20}}
7. ^{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=TDN19191025.2.7&srpos=13&zto=1|title=Public Works Estimates.|date=1919-10-25|newspaper=Taranaki Daily News|pages=2|access-date=2016-05-20}}
8. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nzta.govt.nz/media-releases/works-planned-to-trim-back-the-inside-walls-of-the-awakino-tunnel-on-state-highway-3/|title=Works planned to trim back the inside walls of the Awakino Tunnel on State Highway 3 NZ Transport Agency|website=www.nzta.govt.nz|access-date=2016-05-20}}
9. ^{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19230331.2.114&srpos=3265&zto=1|title=Link With Taranaxi.|date=1923-03-31|newspaper=New Zealand Herald|pages=10|access-date=2016-06-08}}
10. ^{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=EP19240613.2.139&srpos=15&zto=1|title=Main Roads|date=1924-06-13|newspaper=Evening Post|pages=10|access-date=2016-05-20}}
11. ^1 {{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19250507.2.39&srpos=3333&zto=1|title=Road To Taranaki.|date=1925-05-07|newspaper=New Zealand Herald|pages=8|access-date=2016-06-08}}
12. ^{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19361019.2.114&zto=1|title=Better Roads|date=1936-10-19|newspaper=New Zealand Herald|pages=10|access-date=2016-05-20}}
13. ^{{Cite web|url=http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1949-I.2.2.3.1&pg=51|title=AtoJs Online — Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives — 1949 Session I — D-01 MINISTRY OF WORKS STATEMENT (BY THE HON. R. SEMPLE, MINISTER OF WORKS)|website=atojs.natlib.govt.nz|page=53|access-date=2016-05-20}}
14. ^{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19250706.2.42&srpos=3358&zto=1|title=Mokau River Bridge.|date=1925-07-06|newspaper=New Zealand Herald|pages=8|access-date=2016-06-08}}
15. ^1 {{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19271217.2.44&srpos=3496&zto=1|title=Mokau River Bridge.|date=1927-12-17|newspaper=New Zealand Herald|pages=12|access-date=2016-06-08}}
16. ^{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=NZH19271017.2.11.7&zto=1|title=Main Highway From Auckland To Taranaki Now Completed: The Mokau River Bridge Open For Traffic Photographs Taken On Friday Last. Left: A View From The Bridge Showing Cars Waiting For The Lift-span In The Middle Of The Structure To Be Lowered. Right: A General View Of The New Bridge, Which Eliminates The Ancient Ferry-punt So Well Known To Travellers On Thete Kuiti-new Plymouth Section Of The Route. The Opening Of The Bridge Will Expedite Overland Travel And Incidentally Enable The New ' ' Zealand Herald To Reach New Plymouth Earlier Every Day.|date=1927-10-17|newspaper=New Zealand Herald|pages=6|access-date=2016-06-08}}
17. ^{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=CHP19271219.2.63&srpos=3498&zto=1|title=Mokau Bridge Opened.|date=1927-12-19|newspaper=Press|pages=10|access-date=2016-06-08}}
18. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.smithbridge.net/projects/item/mokau-bridge.html|title=Mokau Bridge - Smithbridge|website=www.smithbridge.net|access-date=2016-06-08}}
19. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/taranaki-daily-news/news/9381752/The-story-of-the-steamer-Wetere|title=The story of the steamer Wetere|last=Duckett|first=Graeme|date=2013-11-09|newspaper=Stuff.co.nz|language=English|access-date=2016-06-08}}
20. ^{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=TH18710802.2.16&srpos=15&zto=1|title=New Plymouth To Wellington" Overland.|date=1871-08-02|newspaper=Taranaki Herald|pages=2|access-date=2016-06-08}}
21. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/taranaki-daily-news/news/3438349/Bypass-ready-to-roll |title=Bypass ready to roll |author=Maetzig, Rob |date=12 March 2010 |work=Taranaki Daily News |accessdate=15 October 2011}}
22. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/taranaki-daily-news/news/85389029/normanby-overbridge-bypass-ready-for-use-from-monday |title=Normanby overbridge bypass ready for use from Monday |author=David Burroughs |work=Taranaki Daily News |date=16 October 2016 |accessdate=17 October 2016}}
23. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/politics/news/article.cfm?c_id=280&objectid=11580485 |title=Key's state of the nation - full speech |accessdate=2016-01-27 |publisher=NZHerald.co.nz}}
24. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nzta.govt.nz/projects/southern-links |title=Southern Links |publisher=NZTA.govt.nz}}
25. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=11887257|title=Manawatu Gorge to remain closed 'for some time'|work=NZ Herald|access-date=2017-07-10|language=en-NZ}}
26. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.nzta.govt.nz/planning-and-investment/2015-18-national-land-transport-programme/nltp-in-the-regions/taranaki/#key-routes |title=Taranaki key routes and investments |work=NZ Transport Agency |accessdate=20 August 2016}}
27. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nzta.govt.nz/projects/sh3-sh21-intersection-improvement|title=SH3/21 Intersection improvement|last=|first=|date=|website=www.nzta.govt.nz|language=en-GB|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-12-07}}
28. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nzta.govt.nz/media-releases/work-wrapping-up-on-new-king-country-roundabout/|title=Work wrapping up on new King Country roundabout|last=|first=|date=|website=www.nzta.govt.nz|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-12-07}}
29. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nzta.govt.nz/projects/sh3sh37-waitomo-intersection/|title=SH3/SH37 Waitomo Intersection|last=|first=|date=|website=www.nzta.govt.nz|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-12-07}}
30. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/waikato-times/news/69255584/nzta-to-finish-waitomo-caves-roundabout|title=NZTA to finish Waitomo Caves roundabout|website=Stuff|language=en|access-date=2018-12-07}}

External links

  • New Zealand Transport Agency
  • [https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/parliamentary/appendix-to-the-journals-of-the-house-of-representatives/1924/I/2250 1923 photo of steam roller completing Awakino tunnel]
  • 1924 photo of Awakino tunnel
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1 : State Highways in New Zealand
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