Organ stops are sorted into four major types: principal, string, reed, and flute.
| Stop name | Alternative name | Type | Notes | | Aeoline | Aéoline
Éolienne | String | an extremely small scaled stop with a very delicate, airy tone; built frequently as a single-rank stop, or as a double-rank celeste. |
| Blockflöte | Flute | German for "recorder"; a wide scaled conical or stopped flute of 4′ or 2′ pitch, taking its name from the common flute called a "recorder" which its tone closely resembles |
| Bombarde | Reed | a powerful chorus reed stop with a brassy timbre, occurring on the manuals at 16′ (and occasionally 8′), or in the pedal at 16′ or 32′ pitch |
| Bourdon | Flute | a wide-scaled stopped-flute, 16′ or 8′ on the manuals, and 16′ or 32′ in the pedals (where it may be called Subbass or Contra Bourdon) |
| Cello | Violoncelle | String | a string stop at 8′ or 16′; has a warmer, more "romantic" tone than the Gamba |
| Choralbass | Principal | a 4′ strongly voiced octave Diapason in the pedal division, mainly for cantus firmus use |
| Claribel | Clarabel Flute
Claribel Flute
Melodia | Flute | an 8′ open wood manual stop. |
| Clarinet | Clarinette
Clarionet | Reed | a reed stop with a rich tone imitating the orchestral instrument |
| Clarion | Clairon | Reed | 8′ (pedal) or 4′ (manual or pedal) chorus reed, similar tone as the Trumpet |
| Cornet | Flute | 2|2|3}}′, 2′ and {{frac|1|3|5}}′. Three- and four-rank cornets eliminate 8′ and 4′ ranks. This stop is not imitative of the orchestral cornet. |
| Cornopean | Reed | 8′ chorus reed similar to the Trumpet; normally located in the Swell division. |
| Cromorne | Krummhorn | Reed | Cylindrical solo reed that has a distinct buzzing or bleating sound, imitative of the historical instrument of the same name |
| Diapason | Montre
Open Diapason
Principale
Principal
Prinzipal
Tenori[1] | Principal | A flue stop that is the "backbone" sound of the organ. Most commonly at 8′ in manuals, and 8′ or 16′ in the pedals. |
| Diaphone | A special type of organ pipe that produces tone by using a felt hammer to beat air through the resonator. Common on theatre organs, not often used in classical instruments. |
| Fagotto | Bassoon
Fagott | Reed | 16' chorus reed. Inverted conical construction, softer than a trumpet or trombone. |
| Flageolet | Flute | A flute stop of 2' or 1' pitch. |
| Fugara | String | A flue stop in 4' or 8' pitch. The tone has a sharp "stringy" quality.[2] |
| Gamba | Viola da Gamba
Viole | String | A string stop that has a thinner, more cutting tone than the Cello stop. It one of the earliest designs of string stops, and is named after the Baroque instrument viola da gamba. |
| Gedackt | Gedeckt | Flute | a basic stopped 8′ flute in the manuals, and stopped 16′ and/or 8′ flute voice in the pedal |
| Gemshorn | Cor de Chamois | String | German for "chamois horn"; a narrow-scale, tapered stop. It is also usually the lowest stop in the organ that has one.[3] |
| Gravissima | 2|3}}' stop, which is a fifth, producing a difference tone of 8 Hz on low C.) |
| Harmonic Flute | Flute | an open metal flute made to sound an octave above its length by means of a small hole at its midpoint. This stop has a very pure flute tone and was popularized by Aristide Cavaillé-Coll. |
| Hohlflöte | Hohlflute
Holpijp | Flute | a metal or wooden 8' open or stopped flute. |
| Larigot | Flute | 1|1|3}}′ pitch |
| Mixture | Fourniture
Plein Jeu | Principal | Multi-rank stops that enhance the harmonics of the fundamental pitch, and are intended for use with foundation stops, not alone. Mixture IV indicates that the stop has four ranks. Mixture 15.19.22.26 indicates the composition. |
| Nachthorn | Night Horn
Cor de Nuit
Corno de Nacht | Flute | wide-scaled flute with a relatively small mouth, produces a soft, but penetrating sound; occurring at 8′ and 4′ pitch, and also at 2′ pitch at pedal |
| Nasard | Nasat
Nazard
| Flute | 2|2|3}}′ (sounding a twelfth above written pitch) |
| Oboe | Hautbois | Reed | reed stop used as both a solo stop and a chorus reed. |
| Octave | Oktav
Prestant
Principal | Principal | A 4′ Principal. "Prestant" often indicates ranks that have pipes mounted in the front of the organ case.[4] |
| Ophicleide | Reed | powerful reed stop, much like the Bombarde; normally a 16′ or 32′ pedal reed; unusually an 8′ or 16′ on the manuals |
| Orchestral Oboe | Reed | a different stop from Oboe; intended to imitate the orchestral instrument; of smaller scale than the non-imitative oboe |
| Piccolo | Flute | 2′ flute |
| Quarte | Flute | 2′ flute on 17th and 18th century French organs; short for Quarte de nasard, sounding an interval of a fourth above the nasard stop |
| Regal | Reed | a reed stop with fractional-length resonators; produces a buzzy sound with low fundamental frequency. |
| Rohrflöte | Chimney Flute | Flute | German for "reed flute"; a semi-capped metal pipe with a narrow, open-ended tube (i.e. "chimney") extending from the top which resembles a reed |
| Salicional | String | An 8′ string stop, softer in tone than the Gamba. |
| Scharf | Cymbale | Principal | A high-pitched mixture stop. |
| Sesquialtera | Principal | 2|3}}' and 1{{frac|3|5}}' |
| Sifflöte | Piccolo
Sifflet | Flute | 1′ flute |
| Super Octave | Doublette
Fifteenth | Principal | the manual 2′ Principal or Diapason; its name merely signifies that it is above (i.e. "super") the 4′ Octave. |
| Tibia Clausa | Tibia | Flute | a large-scale, stopped wood flute pipe, usually with a leathered lip; performs same function in a theatre pipe organ as a principal in a classical organ. |
| Tierce | Seventeenth
Terz
Tertia | Flute | 1|3|5}}′, supporting the 8′ harmonic series |
| Trichterregal | Reed | an 8-ft reed stop on a pipe organ with funnel-shaped resonators.[5][6] A trichterregal was used by Schnitger in the Schnitger organ that he built for St. James's Church, Hamburg. |
| Trombone | Posaune
| Reed | Chorus reed simulating the trombone; most commonly in the pedal at 16′ or 32′ pitch |
| Trompette en Chamade | Reed | Solo trumpet laid horizontally; can often be heard over full organ. |
| Trompette Militaire | Reed | powerful solo reed of the trumpet-family, with a brassy, penetrating tone |
| Trumpet | Trompete
Trompette | Reed | a loud chorus reed stop, generally a single rank, with inverted conical resonators. |
| Tuba | Reed | large-scale, high pressure, smooth solo reed usually 8′ in the manuals and 16′ (sometimes 32′) in the pedal. Tuba is Latin for Trumpet; it is not named after the orchestral tuba. |
| Twelfth | Principal | 2|2|3}}′ |
| Twenty-Second | Kleine Principal | Principal | a 1′ principal |
| Unda Maris | Flute | Latin for "wave of the sea"; a very soft rank tuned slightly sharp or flat. It is drawn with another soft rank to create an undulating effect. Occasionally built as a double-rank stop called Unda Maris II, which has both a normal-pitched and detuned rank. |
| Voix céleste | String | Vox coelestisII me.ogg|Play}} |
| Vox humana | Voix humaine | Reed | fractional length regal supposedly intended to imitate the human voice |
1. ^{{GroveOnline|title=Organ stop|author=Peter Williams|author2=Barbara Owen|last-author-amp=yes|access-date=January 4, 2016}}
2. ^{{Cite NIE|wstitle=Fugara|year=1906}}
3. ^"Resultant", OrganStops.org.
4. ^http://www.organstops.org/o/Octave.html
5. ^{{cite book|last=Audsley|first=George Ashdown|authorlink=George Ashdown Audsley|title=Organ-Stops and Their Artistic Registration|publisher=Courier Dover Publications|date=2002|page=259|isbn=0-486-42423-5}}
6. ^{{cite encyclopedia|title=Trechterregal|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Organ Stops|publisher=Edward L. Stauff|url=http://www.organstops.org/t/Trichterregal.html}}