| 词条 | Nidarholm Abbey |
| 释义 |
HistoryThe monastery was founded either in 1028 by King Canute the Great or in about 1100 by Sigurd Ullstreng ({{circa}} 1030 – {{circa}} 1100), a vassal of King Magnus Berrføtt. It was dedicated to Saint Benedict and Saint Laurence. The monastery had some connection with the Cluniacs, but it seems that this connection consisted of the introduction of local reforms based on the practices of Cluny, rather than membership of the Cluniac Order and subordination to Cluny as such. The English monk and chronicler Matthew of Paris was asked in 1248, while on a diplomatic mission to King Haakon IV, to supervise a reform of Nidarholm.[2][3] The monastery was a powerful and wealthy one, and traded with England, but suffered serious fires in 1210 and 1317, after which it became less prominent. A final fire took place in 1531 shortly before the Reformation. Nidarholm was the last Roman Catholic stronghold in Norway during the Reformation, under Olav Engelbrektsson, Archbishop of Nidaros. His men were besieged in 1537 in Nidarholm by the fleet of Jens Splid (1510–1550), and were eventually forced to surrender.[4] After 1537 the buildings were abandoned to dereliction, and were used as a quarry for the stone to build the fortresses that later stood on Munkholmen. There are no visible remains of the monastery. References1. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.katolsk.no/praksis/klosterliv/artikler/kap_24|title= Nidarholm kloster i Trondheim|publisher= Den Katolske Kirke|accessdate= June 1, 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web|url= http://munkholmen.no/munkholmens-historie/|title= Munkholmens historie|publisher= munkholmen.no|accessdate= June 1, 2017}} 3. ^{{cite web|url= https://nbl.snl.no/Sigurd_Ullstreng|title= Sigurd Ullstreng|publisher= Norsk biografisk leksikon |author= Merete Røskaft|accessdate= June 1, 2017}} 4. ^{{cite web|url= https://kulturminnesok.no/minne/?queryString=https://data.kulturminne.no/askeladden/lokalitet/85129|title= Nidarholm kloster|publisher= kulturminnesok.no|accessdate= June 1, 2017}} Other sources
8 : Buildings and structures in Trondheim|Religious organizations established in the 1020s|1028 establishments in Europe|11th-century establishments in Norway|1537 disestablishments in Norway|Christian monasteries established in the 11th century|Benedictine monasteries in Norway|Monasteries dissolved under the Norwegian Reformation |
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