| 词条 | List of premiers of Manitoba | |||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Canadian province of Manitoba was created in 1870.[1] Manitoba has a unicameral Westminster-style parliamentary government, in which the Premier is the leader of the party that controls the most seats in the Legislative Assembly. The Premier is Manitoba's head of government, and the Queen of Canada is its head of state and is represented by the Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba. The Premier picks a cabinet from the elected members to form the Executive Council of Manitoba, and then presides over that body.[2] Members are first elected to the legislature during general elections. General elections must be conducted every four years from the date of the last election, but the premier may ask for early dissolution of the Legislative Assembly. An election may also happen if the governing party loses the confidence of the legislature by the defeat of a supply bill or tabling of a confidence motion.[3] Manitoba has had twenty-one Premiers since the province was formed, of which six were non-partisan, six were Progressive Conservatives, four were Liberals, and four were New Democrats. However, during the early years of the province and until 1874, leading ministers were not titled "Premier".[4] Furthermore, they were officially non-partisan and were chosen by elected members of the Legislative Assembly from among themselves before the province began to use a party system in 1888.[5] This article only covers the time since the province was created in 1870. Before that, the territory was part of the District of Assiniboia in Rupert's Land, and was loosely controlled by the Hudson's Bay Company.[6] Premiers of Manitoba{{legend2|{{Canadian party colour|MB|Other}}|Non-partisan|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{Canadian party colour|MB|PC}}|Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{Canadian party colour|MB|Progressive}}|Progressive Party of Manitoba|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{Canadian party colour|MB|Liberal}}|Manitoba Liberal Party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{Canadian party colour|MB|NDP}}|New Democratic Party of Manitoba|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Canadian first minister list/top}}{{Canadian first minister list|name = Alfred Boyd |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 1 |image = Alfred Boyd.jpg |birth_year = 1835 |death_year = 1908 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Non-partisan|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Non-partisan}} |leadership = |riding = St. Andrews North |start_date = 16 September[7] |start_year = 1870 |end_date = 14 December[7] |end_year = 1871 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = establishment |event1_year = 1870 |event1_assembly = none |event1_note = |event2 = election |event2_year = 1870 |event2_assembly = 1st |event2_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Marc-Amable Girard |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 2 |image = Marc-Amable Girard.jpg |birth_year = 1822 |death_year = 1892 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Non-partisan|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Non-partisan}} |leadership = |riding = St. Boniface East |start_date = 14 December[7] |start_year = 1871 |end_date = 14 March[7] |end_year = 1872 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = appointment |event1_year = 1871 |event1_assembly = 1st |event1_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Henry Joseph Clarke |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 3 |image = Henry Joseph Clarke.jpg |birth_year = 1833 |death_year = 1889 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Non-partisan|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Non-partisan}} |leadership = |riding = St. Charles |start_date = 14 March[7] |start_year = 1872 |end_date = 8 July[7] |end_year = 1874 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = appointment |event1_year = 1872 |event1_assembly = 1st |event1_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = none |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = — |image = |birth_year = |death_year = |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Non-partisan|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Non-partisan}} |leadership = |riding = |start_date = 8 July |start_year = 1874 |end_date = 2 December |end_year = 1874 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = |event1_year = |event1_assembly = 1st |event1_note = |accomplishments = Marc-Amable Girard was the de facto premier as the Provincial Secretary.[7][8] }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Robert Atkinson Davis |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 4 |image = Robert Atkinson Davies.jpg |birth_year = 1841 |death_year = 1903 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Non-partisan|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Non-partisan}} |leadership = |riding = Winnipeg and St. John until 1874 |riding2 = Winnipeg |start_date = 3 December[7] |start_year = 1874 |end_date = 16 October[7] |end_year = 1878 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = appointment |event1_year = 1874 |event1_assembly = 1st |event1_note = |event2 = election |event2_year = 1874 |event2_assembly = 2nd |event2_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = John Norquay |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 5 |image = JohnNorquay.jpg |birth_year = 1841 |death_year = 1889 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Non-partisan|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Non-partisan}} |leadership = |riding = St. Andrews South until 1879 |riding2 = St. Andrews |start_date = 16 October[7] |start_year = 1878 |end_date = 24 December[7] |end_year = 1887 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = appointment |event1_year = 1878 |event1_assembly = 2nd |event1_note = |event2 = election |event2_year = 1878 |event2_assembly = 3rd |event2_note = |event3 = election |event3_year = 1879 |event3_assembly = 4th |event3_note = |event4 = election |event4_year = 1883 |event4_assembly = 5th |event4_note = |event5 = election |event5_year = 1886 |event5_assembly = 6th |event5_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = David Howard Harrison |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 6 |image = David Howard Harrison.png |birth_year = 1843 |death_year = 1905 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Non-partisan|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Non-partisan}} |leadership = |riding = Minnedosa West |start_date = 26 December[7] |start_year = 1887 |end_date = 19 January[7] |end_year = 1888 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = appointment |event1_year = 1887 |event1_assembly = 6th |event1_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Thomas Greenway |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 7 |image = Thomas Greenway.png |birth_year = 1838 |death_year = 1908 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Liberal|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Liberal}} |leadership = |riding = Mountain |start_date = 19 January[7] |start_year = 1888 |end_date = 6 January[7] |end_year = 1900 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = appointment |event1_year = 1888 |event1_assembly = 6th |event1_note = |event2 = election |event2_year = 1888 |event2_assembly = 7th |event2_note = |event3 = election |event3_year = 1892 |event3_assembly = 8th |event3_note = |event4 = election |event4_year = 1896 |event4_assembly = 9th |event4_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Hugh John Macdonald |title = Sir |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 8 |image = Hugh John Macdonald.jpg |birth_year = 1850 |death_year = 1929 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Conservative|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Conservative}} |leadership = |riding = Winnipeg South |start_date = 10 January[7] |start_year = 1900 |end_date = 29 October[7] |end_year = 1900 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = election |event1_year = 1899 |event1_assembly = 10th |event1_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Rodmond Roblin |title = Sir |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 9 |image = Rodmond Palen Roblin.jpg |birth_year = 1853 |death_year = 1937 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Conservative|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Conservative}} |leadership = |riding = Woodlands until 1903 |riding2 = Dufferin |start_date = 29 October[7] |start_year = 1900 |end_date = 12 May[7] |end_year = 1915 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = appointment |event1_year = 1900 |event1_assembly = 10th |event1_note = |event2 = election |event2_year = 1903 |event2_assembly = 11th |event2_note = |event3 = election |event3_year = 1907 |event3_assembly = 12th |event3_note = |event4 = election |event4_year = 1910 |event4_assembly = 13th |event4_note = |event5 = election |event5_year = 1914 |event5_assembly = 14th |event5_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Tobias Norris |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 10 |image = Tobias Crawford Norris.jpg |birth_year = 1861 |death_year = 1936 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Liberal|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Liberal}} |leadership = |riding = Lansdowne |start_date = 12 May[7] |start_year = 1915 |end_date = 8 August[7] |end_year = 1922 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = appointment |event1_year = 1915 |event1_assembly = 14th |event1_note = |event2 = election |event2_year = 1915 |event2_assembly = 15th |event2_note = |event3 = election |event3_year = 1920 |event3_assembly = 16th |event3_note = {{ref_label|minority|Min.}} |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = John Bracken |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 11 |image = John Bracken circa 1941.jpg |birth_year = 1883 |death_year = 1969 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Progressive|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Progressive}} |leadership = |riding = The Pas |start_date = 8 August[7] |start_year = 1922 |end_date = 14 January[7] |end_year = 1943 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = election |event1_year = 1922 |event1_assembly = 17th |event1_note = |event2 = election |event2_year = 1927 |event2_assembly = 18th |event2_note = |event3 = election |event3_year = 1932 |event3_assembly = 19th |event3_note = {{ref_label|coalition|Co.}} |event4 = election |event4_year = 1936 |event4_assembly = 20th |event4_note = {{ref_label|minority|Min.}} |event5 = election |event5_year = 1941 |event5_assembly = 21st |event5_note = {{ref_label|coalition|Co.}} |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Stuart Garson |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 12 |image = Stuart Garson.jpg |birth_year = 1898 |death_year = 1977 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Liberal-Progressive|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Liberal-Progressive}} |leadership = |riding = Fairford |start_date = 14 January[7] |start_year = 1943 |end_date = 13 November[7] |end_year = 1948 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = appointment |event1_year = 1943 |event1_assembly = 21st |event1_note = {{ref_label|coalition|Co.}} |event2 = election |event2_year = 1945 |event2_assembly = 22nd |event2_note = {{ref_label|coalition|Co.}} |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Douglas Lloyd Campbell |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 13 |image = |birth_year = 1895 |death_year = 1995 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Liberal-Progressive|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|Liberal-Progressive}} |leadership = |riding = Lakeside |start_date = 13 November[7] |start_year = 1948 |end_date = 30 June[7] |end_year = 1958 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = appointment |event1_year = 1948 |event1_assembly = 22nd |event1_note = {{ref_label|coalition|Co.}} |event2 = election |event2_year = 1949 |event2_assembly = 23rd |event2_note = |event3 = election |event3_year = 1953 |event3_assembly = 24th |event3_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Dufferin Roblin |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 14 |image = |birth_year = 1917 |death_year = 2010 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|PC|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|PC}} |leadership = |riding = Wolseley |start_date = 30 June[7] |start_year = 1958 |end_date = 27 November[7] |end_year = 1967 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = election |event1_year = 1958 |event1_assembly = 25th |event1_note = {{ref_label|minority|Min.}} |event2 = election |event2_year = 1959 |event2_assembly = 26th |event2_note = |event3 = election |event3_year = 1962 |event3_assembly = 27th |event3_note = |event4 = election |event4_year = 1966 |event4_assembly = 28th |event4_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Walter Weir |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 15 |image = |birth_year = 1929 |death_year = 1985 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|PC|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|PC}} |leadership = |riding = Minnedosa |start_date = 27 November[7] |start_year = 1967 |end_date = 15 July[7] |end_year = 1969 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = appointment |event1_year = 1967 |event1_assembly = 28th |event1_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Edward Schreyer |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 16 |image = Edward_Schreyer.jpg |birth_year = 1935 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|NDP|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|NDP}} |leadership = |riding = Rossmere |start_date = 15 July[39] |start_year = 1969 |end_date = 24 November[39] |end_year = 1977 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = election |event1_year = 1969 |event1_assembly = 29th |event1_note = {{ref_label|minority|Min.}} |event2 = election |event2_year = 1973 |event2_assembly = 30th |event2_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Sterling Lyon |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 17 |image = |birth_year = 1927 |death_year = 2010 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|PC|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|PC}} |leadership = |riding = Charleswood |start_date = 24 November[7] |start_year = 1977 |end_date = 17 November[7] |end_year = 1981 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = election |event1_year = 1977 |event1_assembly = 31st |event1_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Howard Pawley |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 18 |image = |birth_year = 1934 |death_year = 2015 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|NDP|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|NDP}} |leadership = |riding = Selkirk |start_date = 30 November[9] |start_year = 1981 |end_date = 9 May[9] |end_year = 1988 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = election |event1_year = 1981 |event1_assembly = 32nd |event1_note = |event2 = election |event2_year = 1986 |event2_assembly = 33rd |event2_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Gary Filmon |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 19 |image = |birth_year = 1942 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|PC|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|PC}} |leadership = |riding = Tuxedo |start_date = 9 May[9] |start_year = 1988 |end_date = 5 October[9] |end_year = 1999 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = election |event1_year = 1988 |event1_assembly = 34th |event1_note = {{ref_label|minority|Min.}} |event2 = election |event2_year = 1990 |event2_assembly = 35th |event2_note = |event3 = election |event3_year = 1995 |event3_assembly = 36th |event3_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Gary Doer |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 20 |image = Gary Doer 2014.jpg |birth_year = 1948 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|NDP|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|NDP}} |leadership = |riding = Concordia |start_date = 5 October[9] |start_year = 1999 |end_date = 19 October[9] |end_year = 2009 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = election |event1_year = 1999 |event1_assembly = 37th |event1_note = |event2 = election |event2_year = 2003 |event2_assembly = 38th |event2_note = |event3 = election |event3_year = 2007 |event3_assembly = 39th |event3_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Greg Selinger |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 21 |image = Greg Selinger cropped.jpg |birth_year = 1951 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|NDP|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|NDP}} |leadership = |riding = St. Boniface |start_date = 19 October[9] |start_year = 2009 |end_date = 3 May[9] |end_year = 2016 |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = appointment |event1_year = 2009 |event1_assembly = 39th |event1_note = |event2 = election |event2_year = 2011 |event2_assembly = 40th |event2_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list |name = Brian Pallister |jurisdiction = Manitoba |number = 22 |image = Brian-Pallister-2017-Portrait-Crop.jpg |birth_year = 1954 |party = {{Canadian party colour|MB|PC|name}} |colour = {{Canadian party colour|MB|PC}} |leadership = |riding = Fort Whyte |start_date = 3 May[9] |start_year = 2016 |end_date = Incumbent |end_year = |assembly_type = Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |event1 = election |event1_year = 2016 |event1_assembly = 41st |event1_note = |event2 = |event2_year = |event2_assembly = |event2_note = |accomplishments = }}{{Canadian first minister list/bottom|notes= {{note_label|minority|Min.}} Minority government {{note_label|coalition|Co.}} Coalition government }}{{Timeline of MB Premiers}} Living former premiers{{As of|2019|02}}, four former premiers of Manitoba are alive, the oldest being Edward Schreyer (1969–1977). The most recent former premier to die was Howard Pawley (1981–1988) on December 30, 2015.
See also
References
1. ^{{cite web|accessdate=November 8, 2008 |url=http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/2/2/h2-1375-e.html |title=Entered Confederation: 1870 |date=May 10, 2001 |publisher=Library and Archives Canada |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205122246/http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/2/2/h2-1375-e.html |archivedate=December 5, 2008 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 2. ^{{cite web|accessdate=November 8, 2008 |url=http://www.lg.gov.mb.ca/role/rr.html |title=Roles and Responsibilities |publisher=Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080927140707/http://lg.gov.mb.ca/role/rr.html |archivedate=September 27, 2008 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 3. ^{{cite web |accessdate=December 11, 2013 |url=https://www.gov.mb.ca/hansard/education/faq/fact3.pdf |title=Legislative Terminology |work=Legislative Assembly of Manitoba |publisher=Government of Manitoba |format=PDF |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407063321/http://www.gov.mb.ca/hansard/education/faq/fact3.pdf |archivedate=April 7, 2014 |df= }} 4. ^Davd Burley, "The Emergence of the Premiership, 1870-1874," Manitoba Premiers of the 19th and 20th centuries, Barry Ferguson and Robert Wardhaugh, eds., Great Plains, 2010 5. ^{{cite web|accessdate=December 11, 2013 |url=http://www.cbc.ca/archives/categories/politics/provincial-territorial-politics/friendly-rivalries-manitoba-elections-since-1966/topic---friendly-rivalries-manitoba-elections-since-1966.html |title=Friendly Rivalries: Manitoba Elections Since 1966 |publisher=CBC }} 6. ^{{cite web|accessdate=November 8, 2008 |url=http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/historical/territorialevolution/1870/1 |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20120628163238/http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/historical/territorialevolution/1870/1 |archivedate=June 28, 2012 |deadurl=yes |title=Territorial Evolution, 1870 |publisher=Natural Resources Canada |date=April 6, 2004 |df= }} 7. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 {{cite web|title=Biographies of Deceased Members|url=https://www.gov.mb.ca/legislature/members/mla_bio_deceased.html|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Manitoba|accessdate=April 3, 2013|date=August 4, 2009}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Manitoba Premiers|url=http://www.parl.gc.ca/parlinfo/Files/Province.aspx?Item=674174e0-0472-4cd4-bb1e-d66b7aff8b79&Language=E&MenuID=Compilations.ProvinceTerritory.aspx.Menu&Section=Premiers|publisher=Parliament of Canada|accessdate=April 3, 2013}} 9. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 {{cite web|title=Biographies of Living Members|url=https://www.gov.mb.ca/legislature/members/mla_bio_living.html|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Manitoba|accessdate=April 3, 2013|date=November 4, 2009}} External links
3 : Lists of Canadian first ministers|Premiers of Manitoba|Manitoba-related lists |
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