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词条 List of presidential appointees to the Council of State (Ireland)
释义

  1. History

  2. List

  3. See also

  4. References

The President of Ireland has the right to appoint a maximum of seven members of the Council of State, which advises the President in exercising certain reserve powers. As well as the seven (or fewer) appointees, the Council has seven ex officio members and a variable number of life members by right of former office. An appointed member's term ends when the President's term ends, although a new or re-elected President may re-appoint members. If an appointed member accedes to one of the positions conferring ex officio membership of the Council, this creates a vacancy which the President may fill via another appointment.

History

The first President, Douglas Hyde, who took office in 1938, did not nominate members till the Council first met in January 1940; all six nominees were Oireachtas members, and not members of the Fianna Fáil government party.[1]

For long, Presidents included senior serving politicians on the Council. Éamon de Valera said during the 1937 debate on the proposed Constitution, "this Council of State ... will ordinarily contain the leaders of the big Parties in the Dáil."[2] Fine Gael objected in 1991 when Mary Robinson became the first President not to have the Leader of the Opposition in the Council.[3][4] Robinson had promised to appoint two representatives of the Opposition,[5] but the practice of including the Leader was not a fixed rule.[5] In early 1995, after the Fianna Fáil-led government was replaced by a Fine Gael-led government without a general election, Mary Robinson asked Monica Barnes of Fine Gael to resign from the council of state to allow Mary O'Rourke of Fianna Fáil to be appointed instead to increase the Opposition voice.[6] The Oireachtas Committee on the Constitution issued a 1998 report dealing with the Presidency, which recommended that the President be "empowered to nominate two members of the Dáil who belong to parties other than the party or parties that form the government for the life of that government".[7]

Early Presidents included one or two representatives of minorities; there were several of Anglo-Irish, Protestant, or ex-Unionist backgrounds, and the Jewish Bob Briscoe.[5] In campaigning in the 1990 presidential election, Mary Robinson promised to reform the Council of State. She criticised it for consisting "mainly of senior or retired politicians" and promised to make it "truly representative of the community as a whole".[8] Prior to 1990, Presidents generally reappointed members from the previous term; new members were appointed only when a vacancy arose by a previous appointee's death or accession to ex-officio membership. Robinson abandoned this practice by appointing seven new members;[3] Mary McAleese did likewise at both her first and second terms. Michael D. Higgins appointed six first-timers and Catherine McGuinness, who had served under Patrick Hillery.[9]

During the 2011 presidential election campaign, candidate Mary Davis, best known for her Special Olympics activism, pledged to nominate a person with intellectual disability to the Council.[10] This proposal attracted some criticism as tokenism, but was endorsed by Fergus Finlay.[11] During a debate on The Late Late Show, candidates were later asked whether they thought Denis O'Brien would be "a suitable person to be on the Council of State".[12] After the victory of Labour Party candidate Michael D. Higgins, the party denied that its leader Eamon Gilmore had suggested nominees to Higgins.[13]

List

Appointee Time[14] President appointing Date appointed Date ceased Role on appointment; notes References
James |Dillon |James Dillon (Fine Gael politician) }} 1Douglas |Hyde }}format=dmy|1940-01-08}}format=dmy|1945-06-24}}? TD, initially for Fine Gael, later Independent [1][19]
Robert |Farnan |Robert Farnan (physician) }} 1Douglas |Hyde }}format=dmy|1940-01-08}}format=dmy|1945-06-24}}? Senator nominated by the Taoiseach [1][19][15]
John |Keane |Sir John Keane, 5th Baronet}} 1Douglas |Hyde }}format=dmy|1940-01-08}}format=dmy|1945-06-24}}? Independent Senator. Anglo-Irish Baronet. [19]
Richard |Mulcahy }} 1Douglas |Hyde }}format=dmy|1940-01-08}}format=dmy|1945-06-24}}? Fine Gael TD [1][16]
William |Norton }} 1Douglas |Hyde }}format=dmy|1940-01-08}}format=dmy|1945-06-24}}? Labour Party leader [1][16]
Michael |Tierney |Michael Tierney (politician) }} 1Douglas |Hyde }}format=dmy|1940-01-08}}format=dmy|1944}} Independent Senator and University College Dublin professor of Greek [1][16][17]
Joseph |Blowick }} 1Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=dmy|1946-08-22}}format=dmy|1952-06-24}}? Clann na Talmhan leader [31][32]
Bernard |Forbes |Bernard Forbes, 8th Earl of Granard }} 1Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=dmy|1946-08-22}}format=dmy|1948-09-10}} Anglo-Irish, 8th Earl of Granard. Died in office. [18][32][19]
Richard |Mulcahy }} 2Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=dmy|1946-08-22}}format=dmy|1952-06-24}}? Leader of the Opposition [18][20]
Robert |Farnan |Robert Farnan (physician) }} 2Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=dmy|1946-08-22}}format=dmy|1952-06-24}}? [18][20]
Thomas |Foran }} 1Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=dmy|1946-08-22}}format=dmy|1951-03-18}} Senator nominated by the Taoiseach. Died in office. [18][20][21]
John |Keane |Sir John Keane, 5th Baronet}} 2Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=dmy|1946-08-22}}format=dmy|1952-06-24}}? [18][20]
William |Norton }} 2Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=dmy|1946-08-22}}format=dmy|1948-02-18}} Tánaiste, and ex officio member of the Council, after the 1948 general election. [18][20][22]
Seán |MacEntee | |Macentee, Sean}} 1Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=dmy|1948}}format=dmy|1952-06-24}}? Fianna Fáil minister. [23][24]
Robert |Farnan |Robert Farnan (physician) }} 3Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=dmy|1953-03}}format=dmy|1959-06-24}}[15][51][25][26]
John |Keane |Sir John Keane, 5th Baronet}} 3Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=dmy|1953-03}}format=dmy|1956-01-30}} Died in office[25]
Seán |MacEntee | |Macentee, Sean}} 2Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=dmy|1953-03}}format=dmy|1959-06-23}} Made Tánaiste, and ex officio member of the Council, the day before O'Kelly's term expired[27][25][26]
Richard |Mulcahy }} 3Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=dmy|1953-03}}format=dmy|1959-06-24}}[27][25][26]
William |Norton }} 3Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=dmy|1953-03}}format=dmy|1954-06-02}} Tánaiste, and ex officio member of the Council, in the 1954–57 government. [25][28]
Cecil |Stafford-King-Harman }} 1Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=hide|1956}}?format=dmy|1959-06-24}} Anglo-Irish, grandson of Edward King-Harman; owned the Rockingham Estate, now Lough Key Forest Park[27][26]
William |Norton }} 4Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=dmy|1957}}format=dmy|1959-06-24}} Tánaiste, and ex officio member of the Council, till after the 1957 general election.[28][27][26]
Patrick |Little }} 1Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=dmy|1957-07}}format=dmy|1959-06-24}} Fianna Fáil TD[27][26][29]
Maurice E. |Dockrell }} 1Seán T. |O'Kelly | |Okelly, Sean T}}format=dmy|1958}}?format=dmy|1959-06-24}} Anglo-Irish Fine Gael TD [26]
Maurice E. |Dockrell }} 2Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1959-09-23}}format=dmy|1966-06-24}}? [26]
Robert |Farnan |Robert Farnan (physician) }} 4Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1959-09-23}}format=dmy|1962-01-07}} Died in office [26][30]
Patrick |Little }} 2Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1959-09-23}}format=dmy|1963-05-16}} Died in office [26][31][77]
Richard |Mulcahy }} 4Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1959-09-23}}format=dmy|1966-06-24}}? [26]
William |Norton }} 5Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1959-09-23}}format=dmy|1963-12-04}} Died in office [26][77][32]
Stephen M. |O'Mara | |Omara, Stephen M }} 1Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1959-09-23}}format=dmy|1959-11-11}} Former Mayor of Limerick. Died in office. [26][33]
Domhnall |Ua Buachalla | |Uabuachalla, Domhnall }} 1Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1959-09-23}}format=dmy|1963-10-30}} Former Governor-General of the Irish Free State. Died in office. [26][77]
James |Dillon |James Dillon (Fine Gael politician) }} 2Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1960-03}}format=dmy|1966-06-24}}? Fine Gael Leader of the Opposition. Replaced Stephen O'Mara. [34]
Robert |Briscoe |Robert Briscoe (politician) }} 1Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1962}}format=dmy|1966-06-24}}? Jewish Fianna Fáil TD. Replaced Robert Farnan. [35]
Brendan |Corish}} 1Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1964-01-13}}format=dmy|1966-06-24}}? Labour Party leader. Replaced William Norton. [77]
Honor |Crowley }} 1Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1964-01-13}}format=dmy|1966-06-24}}? Fianna Fáil TD [77]
Jane |Dowdall }} 1Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1964-01-13}}format=dmy|1966-06-24}}? Fianna Fáil former Senator and Lord Mayor of Cork [36]
Robert |Briscoe |Robert Briscoe (politician) }} 2Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1967-01-13}}format=dmy|1969-05-29}} Died in office [35][37]
Brendan |Corish}} 2Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1967-01-13}}format=dmy|1973-03-14}} Became Tánaiste, and ex-officio member of the Council, after the 1973 general election. [37][38][95]
James |Dillon |James Dillon (Fine Gael politician) }} 3Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1967-01-13}}format=dmy|1973-06-24}}? [37][38]
Maurice E. |Dockrell }} 3Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1967-01-13}}format=dmy|1973-06-24}}? [37][38]
Jane |Dowdall }} 2Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1967-01-13}}format=dmy|1973-06-24}}? [37][38]
Richard |Mulcahy }} 5Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1967-01-13}}format=dmy|1971-12-16}} Died in office [37][38]
Seán |MacEntee | |Macentee, Sean}} 3Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1968-02-16}}format=dmy|1973-06-24}}? [38]
Frank |Aiken }} 1Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1969-07-03}}format=dmy|1973-06-24}}? Fianna Fáil TD. Tánaiste, and ex officio member of the Council, till after the 1969 general election. Replaced Bob Briscoe. [38]
{{sortname |Albert Joseph |McConnell |Macconnell, Albert Joseph}}}} 1Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1973-01-02}}format=dmy|1973-06-24}}? Provost of Trinity College, Dublin. Replaced Richard Mulcahy. [39]
Barry |Desmond}} 1Éamon |de Valera | |Devalera, Eamon}}format=dmy|1973-04-11}}format=dmy|1973-06-24}} Labour Party minister. Replaced Brendan Corish. [40]
Frank |Aiken }} 2Erskine |Childers |Erskine Hamilton Childers }}format=dmy|1973}}format=dmy|1974-11-17}} [108]
Barry |Desmond}} 2Erskine |Childers |Erskine Hamilton Childers }}format=dmy|1973}}format=dmy|1974-11-17}} [108][41]
James |Dillon |James Dillon (Fine Gael politician) }} 4Erskine |Childers |Erskine Hamilton Childers }}format=dmy|1973}}format=dmy|1974-11-17}} [108]
Maurice E. |Dockrell }} 4Erskine |Childers |Erskine Hamilton Childers }}format=dmy|1973}}format=dmy|1974-11-17}} [108]
Jane |Dowdall }} 3Erskine |Childers |Erskine Hamilton Childers }}format=dmy|1973}}format=dmy|1974-11-17}} Died on 12 December 1974, before the newly elected President Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh had appointed nominees to the Council. [108]
Seán |MacEntee | |Macentee, Sean}} 4Erskine |Childers |Erskine Hamilton Childers }}format=dmy|1973}}format=dmy|1974-11-17}} [108]
Albert Joseph |McConnell |Macconnell, Albert Joseph}} 2Erskine |Childers |Erskine Hamilton Childers }}format=dmy|1973}}format=dmy|1974-11-17}} [108]
Frank |Aiken }} 3{{sortname |Cearbhall |Ó Dálaigh| |Odalaigh, Cearbhall}}}}format=dmy|1975-01-02}}format=dmy|1976-10-22}} [108][117]
Barry |Desmond}} 3Cearbhall |Ó Dálaigh| |Odalaigh, Cearbhall}}format=dmy|1975-01-02}}format=dmy|1976-10-22}} [108][41][117]
James |Dillon |James Dillon (Fine Gael politician) }} 5Cearbhall |Ó Dálaigh| |Odalaigh, Cearbhall}}format=dmy|1975-01-02}}format=dmy|1976-10-22}} [108][117]
Maurice E. |Dockrell }} 5Cearbhall |Ó Dálaigh| |Odalaigh, Cearbhall}}format=dmy| 1975-01-02}}format=dmy|1976-10-22}} [108][117]
Seán |MacEntee | |Macentee, Sean}} 5Cearbhall |Ó Dálaigh| |Odalaigh, Cearbhall}}format=dmy|1975-01-02}}format=dmy|1976-10-22}} [108][117]
Albert Joseph |McConnell |Macconnell, Albert Joseph}} 3Cearbhall |Ó Dálaigh| |Odalaigh, Cearbhall}}format=dmy|1975-01-02}}format=dmy|1976-10-22}} [108][117]
Siobhán |McKenna | |Mackenna, Siobhan }} 1Cearbhall |Ó Dálaigh| |Odalaigh, Cearbhall}}format=dmy|1975-01-02}}format=dmy|1976-10-22}} Actress. Replaced Jane Dowdall. [42][117]
Frank |Aiken }} 4Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1977-03-24}}format=dmy|1983-05-19}} Died in office [43]
Barry |Desmond}} 4Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1977-03-24}}format=dmy|1983-12-02}}[41]>[43]
James |Dillon |James Dillon (Fine Gael politician) }} 6Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1977-03-24}}format=dmy|1983-12-02}} [43]
Maurice E. |Dockrell }} 6Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1977-03-24}}format=dmy|1983-12-02}} [43]
Seán |MacEntee | |Macentee, Sean}} 6Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1977-03-24}}format=dmy|1983-12-02}} [43]
Albert Joseph |McConnell |Macconnell, Albert Joseph}} 4Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1977-03-24}}format=dmy|1983-12-02}} [43]
Siobhán |McKenna | |Mackenna, Siobhan }} 2Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1977-03-24}}format=dmy|1983-12-02}} [43]
Máirín Bean |Uí Dhálaigh | |Uidhalaigh, Mairin }} 1Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1983-06}}format=dmy|1983-12-02}} Widow of President Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh. Replaced Frank Aiken. [44]
Barry |Desmond}} 5Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1983-12-16}}format=dmy|1990-12-02}} [45]
James |Dillon |James Dillon (Fine Gael politician) }} 7Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1983-12-16}}format=dmy|1986-02-10}} Died in office [45]
Maurice E. |Dockrell }} 7Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1983-12-16}}format=dmy|1986-12-09}} Died in office [45]
Seán |MacEntee | |Macentee, Sean}} 7Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1983-12-16}}format=dmy|1984-01-10}} Died in office [45]
Albert Joseph |McConnell |Macconnell, Albert Joseph}} 5Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1983-12-16}}format=dmy|1990-12-02}} [45]
Siobhán |McKenna | |Mackenna, Siobhan }} 3Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1983-12-16}}format=dmy|1986-11-16}} Died in office [45]
Máirín Bean |Uí Dhálaigh | |Uidhalaigh, Mairin }} 2Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1983-12-16}}format=dmy|1990-12-02}} [45]
Pádraig |Faulkner | |Faulkner, Padraig}} 1Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1984}}format=dmy|1990-12-02}} Former Fianna Fáil minister and Ceann Comhairle. Replaced Seán MacEntee. [46]
Alan |Dukes }} 1Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1988-05-02}}format=dmy|1990-12-02}} Fine Gael leader of the Opposition [47]
Catherine |McGuinness | |Macguinness, Catherine}} 1Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1988-05-02}}format=dmy|1990-12-02}} Barrister and former Independent Senator [47][48]
Gemma |Hussey }} 1Patrick |Hillery }}format=dmy|1989-09-08}}format=dmy|1990-12-02}} Fine Gael TD [49][50]
Monica |Barnes }} 1Mary |Robinson }}format=dmy|1991-02-20}}format=dmy|1995-04}} Fine Gael TD. Resigned to make way for Mary O'Rourke. [4][6]
Emer |Colleran }} 1Mary |Robinson }}format=dmy|1991-02-20}}format=dmy|1997-09-12}} An Taisce [4]
Patricia |O'Donovan |Odonovan, Patricia }} 1Mary |Robinson }}format=dmy|1991-02-20}}format=dmy|1997-09-12}} Trade union barrister [4]
Quintin |Oliver }} 1Mary |Robinson }}format=dmy|1991-02-20}}format=dmy|1997-09-12}} Director of the Northern Ireland Council for Voluntary Action [4]
Rosemarie |Smith }} 1Mary |Robinson }}format=dmy|1991-02-20}}format=dmy|1997-09-12}} Irish Farmers' Association official [4]
Donal |Toolan }} 1Mary |Robinson }}format=dmy|1991-02-20}}format=dmy|1997-09-12}} Disabled journalist [4]
T. K. |Whitaker }} 1Mary |Robinson }}format=dmy|1991-02-20}}format=dmy|1997-09-12}} Former civil servant and Senator [4]
Mary |O'Rourke }} 1Mary |Robinson }}format=dmy|1995-04}}format=dmy|1997-09-12}} Fianna Fáil TD. Replaced Monica Barnes. [6]
Gordon |Brett }} 1Mary |McAleese | |Macaleese, Mary}}format=dmy|1997-12-16}}format=dmy|2004-11-10}} Psychologist [51][52]
Brian |Crowley}} 1Mary |McAleese | |Macaleese, Mary}}format=dmy|1997-12-16}}format=dmy|2004-11-10}} Fianna Fáil MEP [51][52]
Christina |Carney Flynn }} 1Mary |McAleese | |Macaleese, Mary}}format=dmy| 1997-12-16}}format=dmy|2004-11-10}} Irish Municipal, Public and Civil Trade Union official [51][52]
Ruth |Curtis }} 1Mary |McAleese | |Macaleese, Mary}}format=dmy|1997-12-16}}format=dmy|2004-11-10}} NUI Galway psychology professor[53] [51][52]
Stanislaus |Kennedy }} 1Mary |McAleese | |Macaleese, Mary}}format=dmy|1997-12-16}}format=dmy|2004-11-10}} Nun, Focus Ireland campaigner [51][52]
Martin |Naughton|dab=businessman}} 1Mary |McAleese | |Macaleese, Mary}}format=dmy|1997-12-16}}format=dmy|2004-11-10}} Businessman [51][52]
Noel |Stewart}} 1Mary |McAleese | |Macaleese, Mary}}format=dmy|1997-12-16}}format=dmy|2004-11-10}} Belfast accountant [51][52]
Harvey |Bicker }} 1Mary |McAleese | |Macaleese, Mary}}format=dmy|2004-11-22}}format=dmy|2011-11-10}} Former British Army colonel and Ulster Unionist Party councillor [54][55]
Anastasia |Crickley}} 1Mary |McAleese | |Macaleese, Mary}}format=dmy|2004-11-22}}format=dmy|2011-11-10}} Chair of the National Consultative Committee on Racism and Interculturalism [54][55]
Mary |Davis |Mary Davis (activist) }} 1Mary |McAleese | |Macaleese, Mary}}format=dmy|2004-11-22}}format=dmy|2011-11-10}} Special Olympics activist [54][55]
Martin |Mansergh }} 1Mary |McAleese | |Macaleese, Mary}}format=dmy|2004-11-22}}format=dmy|2011-11-10}} Fianna Fáil Senator [54][55]
Enda |Marren }} 1Mary |McAleese | |Macaleese, Mary}}format=dmy|2004-11-22}}format=dmy|2011-11-10}} Fine Gael activist [54][55]
Denis |Moloney }} 1Mary |McAleese | |Macaleese, Mary}}format=dmy|2004-11-22}}format=dmy|2011-11-10}} Northern Irish lawyer [54][55]
Daráine |Mulvihill | |Mulvihill, Daraine }} 1Mary |McAleese | |Macaleese, Mary}}format=dmy|2004-11-22}}format=dmy|2011-11-10}} Meningitis survivor [54][55]
Michael |Farrell |Michael Farrell (activist) }} 1Michael D. |Higgins }}format=dmy|2012-01-6}} Incumbent Solicitor and human/civil rights campaigner [9][56]
Deirdre |Heenan }} 1Michael D. |Higgins }}format=dmy|2012-01-6}}2012}} Incumbent Provost and Dean of Academic Development, Magee College, University of Ulster [9][56]
Catherine |McGuinness | |Macguinness, Catherine}} 2Michael D.| Higgins}}format=dmy|2012-01-06}}2012}} Incumbent Former Senator, Supreme Court judge and President, Law Reform Commission [9][48][56]
Ruairí |McKiernan }} 1Michael D. |Higgins }}format=dmy|2012-01-06}}2012}} Incumbent Community activist; Social entrepreneur; founder SpunOut.ie [9][56]
Sally |Mulready }} 1Michael D. |Higgins }}format=dmy|2012-01-06}}2012}} Incumbent Councillor, London Borough of Hackney [9][56]
Gearóid |Ó Tuathaigh }} 1Michael D. |Higgins }}format=dmy|2012-01-6}}2012}} Incumbent Professor Emeritus, NUI Galway; Former Cathaoirleach, Údarás na Gaeltachta [9][56]
Gerard |Quinn }} 1Michael D. |Higgins }}format=dmy|2012-01-06}}2012}} Incumbent Director, Centre for Disability Law and Policy, NUI Galway [9][56]
1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite journal|last=Hogan|first=Gerard|year=2000|title=The Supreme Court and the Reference of the Offences Against the State (Amendment) Bill 1940|journal=Irish Jurist|volume=35|page=257}}
2. ^Dáil debates Vol.67 col.46 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110816225842/http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0067/D.0067.193705110029.html |date=2011-08-16 }}
3. ^1 {{cite news|title=The President's choices|date=21 February 1991|work=The Irish Times|page=11}}
4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite news|url=http://www.emigrant.ie/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=36954&Itemid=200 |title=Council of State |last=Ferrie |first=Liam |date=25 February 1991 |work=The Irish Emigrant |accessdate=12 November 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312034603/http://www.emigrant.ie/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=36954&Itemid=200 |archivedate=12 March 2012 |df= }}
5. ^1 {{cite news|title=Council of State's function is still very confined|last=Duffy|first=Jim|date=21 February 1991|work=The Irish Times|page=9}}
6. ^1 2 {{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/1995/0411/Pg001.html#Ar00100|title=President, Taoiseach will discuss dispute|last=Tynan|first=Maol Mhuire|date=11 April 1995|work=The Irish Times|page=1|accessdate=5 January 2011}}
7. ^{{cite book|author=All-party Oireachtas Committee on the Constitution |title=The President |archivedate=21 July 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721123405/http://www.constitution.ie/reports/3rd-Report-President.pdf |url=http://www.constitution.ie/reports/3rd-Report-President.pdf#page=31 |accessdate=20 December 2010 |series=Progress Reports |volume=3 |year=1998 |publisher=Stationery Office |location=Dublin |isbn=0-7076-6161-7 |page=24 |chapter=19; Council of State: additional political members |deadurl=yes |df= }}
8. ^1 {{cite news|title=Robinson wants Council of State to have new role in Presidency|last=Tynan|first=Maol Mhuire|date=27 September 1990|work=The Irish Times|page=2}}
9. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite news|last=Doyle|first=Kilian|title=Higgins unveils his seven Council of State nominees|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2012/0106/breaking46.html|accessdate=6 January 2012|newspaper=The Irish Times|date=6 January 2012}}
10. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thejournal.ie/davis-promises-to-appoint-intellectually-disabled-person-to-council-of-state-256040-Oct2011/|title=Davis promises to appoint intellectually disabled person to Council of State|last=Reilly|first=Gavan|date=17 October 2011|publisher=TheJournal.ie|accessdate=21 November 2011}}
11. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/letters/2011/1028/1224306622419.html|title=Letters: Who should sit on Council of State?|last=Finlay|first=Fergus|date=28 October 2011|work=The Irish Times|accessdate=21 November 2011}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/2011/1024/president_tracker.html|title=As It Happened: Frontline Presidential Debate|date=24 October 2011|work=RTÉ.ie|accessdate=21 November 2011}}
13. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2011/1114/1224307526802.html|title=Gilmore did not suggest names for Council of State, says Labour|date=14 November 2011|work=The Irish Times|accessdate=22 November 2011}}
14. ^e.g. a value of 3 indicates that the relevant date interval was the 3rd time the person was a nominee on the Council of State.
15. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.oireachtas.ie/members-hist/default.asp?MemberID=1301|title=Dr. Robert P. Farnan|work=Members database|publisher=Oireachtas|accessdate=13 November 2010}}
16. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book|last=Coogan|first=Tim Pat|title=The IRA|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3UF1l4dBRWMC&pg=PA137|accessdate=13 November 2010|year=2002|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-0-312-29416-8|pages=137, footnote}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ucd.ie/president/pastpresidents/michaeltierney/|title=Michael Tierney - President: 1947-1964|last=UCD President's Office|publisher=University College Dublin|accessdate=13 November 2010}}
18. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|title=The Council of State|date=24 August 1948|work=The Irish Times|page=1}}
19. ^{{cite book|last=Dewar|first=Peter Beauclerk|title=Burke's landed gentry of Great Britain: together with members of the titled and non-titled contemporary establishment|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wEFuRPsYHwwC&pg=PA443|accessdate=13 November 2010|date=August 2001|publisher=Burke's Peerage|isbn=978-0-9711966-0-5|pages=443–4|chapter=Forbes; Earls of Granard}}
20. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite journal|year=1946|title=News of the week|journal=The Irish law times and solicitors' journal|volume=80|page=222}}
21. ^Mr. Thomas Foran Oireachtas Members Database
22. ^Dáil debates Vol.110 c.82 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120922041744/http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0110/D.0110.194802250010.html |date=2012-09-22 }}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ucd.ie/archives/html/collections/macentee-sean.htm|title=Papers of Seán MacEntee (1889–1984)|work=University Archives|publisher=University College Dublin|accessdate=17 November 2010 |quote=He was a long-serving member of the Council of State, being first appointed in 1948 }}
24. ^{{cite news|title=Appointed to Council of State|date=19 February 1968|work=The Irish Times|page=9}}
25. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|title=Appointed to Council of State|date=1 April 1953|work=The Irish Times|page=1}}
26. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 {{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/1959/0924/Pg001.html#Ar00102|title=New members of Council of State|work=The Irish Times|page=1|accessdate=13 November 2010}}
27. ^1 2 3 4 5 Dáil debates Vol.164 col.1308 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120922041436/http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0164/D.0164.195712040002.html |date=2012-09-22 }}
28. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.taoiseach.irlgov.ie/eng/Taoiseach_and_Government/History_of_Government/Fifteenth_D%C3%A1il.html |title=Fifteenth Dáil |publisher=Department of Taoiseach |accessdate=18 November 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719185237/http://www.taoiseach.irlgov.ie/eng/Taoiseach_and_Government/History_of_Government/Fifteenth_D%C3%A1il.html |archivedate=19 July 2011 |df= }}
29. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/1957/0716/Pg001.html#Ar00118|title=Mr Little a member of Council of State|date=16 July 1957|work=The Irish Times|page=1|accessdate=13 November 2010}}
30. ^{{cite news|title=Obituary: Dr. R. P. Farnan|date=8 January 1962|work=The Irish Times|page=7}}
31. ^{{cite news|title=Obituary: Mr. Patrick J. Little|date=17 May 1963|work=The Irish Times|page=9}}
32. ^{{cite news|title=Mr William Norton dies in Dublin|date=5 December 1963|work=The Irish Times|page=6}}
33. ^{{cite news|title=Obituary: Mr Stephen M. O'Mara |date=11 November 1959|work=The Irish Times|page=7}}
34. ^{{cite news|title=Appointed to Council of State|date=15 March 1960|work=The Irish Times|page=1}}
35. ^1 {{cite news|title=Bob Briscoe dies at 75|date=30 May 1969|work=The Irish Times|page=1}}
36. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/1964/0114/Pg009.html#Ar00919|title=Council of State|date=14 January 1964|work=The Irish Times|page=9|accessdate=13 November 2010}}
37. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news|title=Six new members appointed to Council of State|date=16 January 1967|work=The Irish Times|page=1}}
38. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 1970 Dáil debates Vol.249 c.948 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120922041503/http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0249/D.0249.197011100041.html |date=2012-09-22 }}
39. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/1973/0103/Pg005.html#Ar00509|title=T.C.D. Provost joins Council of State|date=3 January 1973|work=The Irish Times|page=5|accessdate=13 November 2010}}
40. ^1 {{cite news|title=Appointed to Council of State|date=12 April 1973|work=The Irish Times|page=1}}
41. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://watchwordpublications.com/index.php?p=1_4 |title=No Workers’ Republic! Reflections on Labour and Ireland 1913 – 1967. Barry Desmond |publisher=Watchword Limited |accessdate=12 November 2010 |location=Dublin |quote=He was a member of the Council of State from 1973 to 1991 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110901235844/http://watchwordpublications.com/index.php?p=1_4 |archivedate=1 September 2011 |df= }}
42. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 {{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/1975/0103/Pg010.html#Ar01004|title=Siobhan McKenna named on Council of State|date=3 January 1975|work=The Irish Times|page=10|accessdate=13 November 2010}}
43. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 {{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/1977/0325/Pg009.html#Ar00911|title=No change in Council of State|date=25 March 1977|work=The Irish Times|page=9|accessdate=13 November 2010}}
44. ^{{cite news|title=Bean Ui Dhalaigh honoured|date=30 June 1983|work=The Irish Times|page=1}}
45. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|title=Council of State reappointed|date=17 December 1983|work=The Irish Times|page=10}}
46. ^{{cite news|title=Council of State to meet on Justice Bill|date=5 December 1984|work=The Irish Times|page=9}}
47. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/1988/0503/Pg007.html#Ar00713|title=Dukes named to Council of State|date=3 May 1988|work=The Irish Times|page=7|accessdate=13 November 2010}}
48. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.ucc.ie/en/ccjhr/events/CriminalLawConference2008SpeakerBiogs/|title=Speaker Biographies|last=Centre for Criminal Justice and Human Rights|work=2008 Conference|publisher=University College Cork|accessdate=13 November 2010}}
49. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/1989/0909/Pg001.html#Ar00105|title=Hussey appointed to Council of State|date=9 September 1989|work=The Irish Times|page=1|accessdate=13 November 2010}}
50. ^{{cite book|last=Hussey|first=Gemma|title=Ireland today|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NCGdaWqDGXwC|accessdate=12 November 2010|year=1995|publisher=Penguin|location=Dublin|page=12, fn|quote=The author served on the Council of State from 1989 to 1990.|isbn=978-0-14-015761-1}}
51. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/1997/1217/Pg013.html#Ar01301|title=President names seven to Council of State|date=17 December 1997|work=The Irish Times|page=13|accessdate=13 November 2010}}
52. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|url=http://www.independent.ie/national-news/keeping-her-own-council-395440.html|title=Keeping her own Council|last=McCarthy|first=Justine|date=30 October 1999|work=Irish Independent|page=1|accessdate=12 November 2010}}
53. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nuigalway.ie/psychology/r_curtis_page.htm |title=Professor Ruth Curtis |last=Department of Psychology |publisher=NUIG |accessdate=12 November 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304233741/http://www.nuigalway.ie/psychology/r_curtis_page.htm |archivedate=4 March 2012 |df= }}
54. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|url=http://www.independent.ie/national-news/seven-new-members-appointed-to-council-of-state-144451.html|title=Seven new members appointed to Council of State|last=McKenna|first=Gene|date=23 November 2004|work=Irish Independent|accessdate=12 November 2010}}
55. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|url=http://www.president.ie/index.php?section=19&lang=eng|title=Council of State: Members|publisher=Office of the President|accessdate=13 November 2010}}
56. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|title=President appoints seven to Council of State|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/2012/0106/president.html|accessdate=6 January 2012|newspaper=RTÉ News and Current Affairs|date=6 January 2012}}

See also

  • Nominated members of Seanad Éireann, nominated by the Taoiseach

References

{{reflist|2}}

2 : Presidential appointees to the Council of State (Ireland)|Lists of political office-holders in the Republic of Ireland
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