| 释义 |
- Description of the office Election Oath of office Vacancy
- Key
- List
- Notes
- Latest election
- See also
- References
- External links
{{Infobox Political post
|post = President
|body = the
Republic of Benin
|insignia = Flag of Benin.svg
|insigniasize = 125px
|insigniacaption = Flag of Benin
|nativename =
|image = Patrice Talon 2016-04-06.jpg
|imagesize = 165px
|incumbent = Patrice Talon
|incumbentsince = 6 April 2016
|style =
|residence = Presidential Palace, Porto-Novo
|appointer =
|termlength = 5 years, renewable once
|formation = 31 December 1960
|succession =
|inaugural = Hubert Maga
|deputy =
|salary =
|website =
}}{{Politics of Benin}}This is a list of Presidents of Benin (formerly Dahomey) since the formation of the post of President in 1960, to the present day. A total of seven people have served as President (not counting two Acting Presidents, several interim military officeholders and a collective presidency). Additionally, one person, Mathieu Kérékou, has served on two non-consecutive occasions. Description of the officeElectionThe President of the Republic shall be elected by direct universal suffrage for a mandate of five years, renewable only one time.[1] In any case, no one shall be able to exercise more than two presidential mandates.[1] The election of the President of the Republic shall take place with a uninominal majority ballot in two rounds.[2] No one may be a candidate for the office of President of the Republic unless:[3] - He is of Béninese nationality at birth or shall have acquired it for at least ten years;
- He is of good morality and of great honesty;
- He enjoys all his civil and political rights;
- He is at least 40 years old but not more than 70 years old at the date of the filing of his candidacy;
- He resides in the territory of the Republic of Bénin at the time of the elections;
- He enjoys a satisfactory state of physical and mental well-being duly verified by a collegiate board of three doctors sworn and designated by the Constitutional Court.
The President of the Republic shall be elected by an absolute majority of votes cast. If that shall not be obtained in the first round of voting, it shall be followed, after a delay of fifteen days, by a second round.[4] The only ones who may be presented in the second round of balloting shall be the two candidates who shall have received the greatest number of votes in the first round. In case of the withdrawal of one or both of the two candidates, the next ones shall be presented in the order of their filing after the first balloting.[4] The candidate having received the relative majority of votes cast in the second round shall be declared elected.[4] The convocation of the electors shall be made by a decree issued in the Council of Ministers.[5] The first round of balloting for the election of the President of the Republic shall take place at least thirty days and at most forty days before the expiration date of the powers of the President in office.[6] The mandate of the new President of the Republic shall take effect by counting from the expiration date of the mandate of his predecessor.[6] Oath of officeBefore taking his office, the President of the Republic shall take the following oath:[7] {{quote|Before God, the Manes [spirits] of the ancestors, the Nation and before the Béninese People, the only holder of sovereignty;I, President of the Republic, elected in accordance with the laws of the Republic do solemnly swear — To respect and defend the Constitution which the Béninese People have freely given to themselves; — To fulfill loyally the high office that the Nation has entrusted to me; — To allow myself to be guided only by the general interest and the respect for human rights to consecrate all my strength to the research and the promotion of the common good, of peace and of national unity; — To preserve the integrity of the national territory; — To conduct myself everywhere as a faithful and loyal servant of the people. In case of perjury, that I shall submit to the severity of the law.}} This oath shall be received by the President of the Constitutional Court before the National Assembly and the Supreme Court. VacancyIn case of vacancy of the Presidency of the Republic by death, resignation or permanent impediment, the National Assembly shall reconvene in order to rule on the case with an absolute majority of its members. The President of the National Assembly shall refer the matter to the Constitutional Court which shall certify it and declare the vacancy of the Presidency of the Republic. The duties of President of the Republic, with the exception of those mentioned in Articles 54 paragraph 3, 50, 60, 101, and 154 shall be temporarily exercised by the President of the National Assembly.[8] The election of a new President of the Republic shall take place thirty days at the least and forty days at most after the declaration of the permanent nature of the vacancy.[8] In case of bringing an accusation of the President of the Republic before the High Court of Justice, his interim shall be assumed by the President of the Constitutional Court who shall exercise all the duties of President of the Republic with the exception of those mentioned in Articles 54 paragraph 3, 58, 60, 101 and 154.[8] In case of absence from the territory, of illness and of vacation of the President of the Republic, his interim shall be assumed by a member of the Government whom he shall have designated and within the limitation of powers that he shall have delegated to him.[8] Key- Political parties
- {{legend|Black|Dahomeyan Democratic Rally (RDD)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
- {{legend|Gold|Dahomeyan Democratic Party (PDD)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
- {{legend|{{People's Revolutionary Party of Benin/meta/color}}|People's Revolutionary Party of Benin (PRPB)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
- {{legend|Yellow|Benin Rebirth Party (RB)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
- {{legend|Crimson|Action Front for Renewal and Development (FARD–Alafia)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
- Other factions
- {{legend|{{Military Rule/meta/color}}|Military|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
- {{legend|{{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}|Independent|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
- Status
- {{legend|#E6E6AA|Denotes Acting/Interim Head of State}}
List| {{Abbr|No.|Number | President
{{small|(Birth–Death) | Portrait | Tenure | Elected | Political affiliation | Prime Minister(s) | | Took office | Left office | Time in office |
|---|
| Republic of Dahomey | | 1 | {{small>(1916–2000) | 1 August}} 1960 | 28 October}} 1963
{{small|(deposed.)}} | 1960|08|01|1963|10|28}} | 1960 | | RDD | Himself |
|---|
| – | Christophe Soglo
{{small>(1909–1983)}}{{efn|Styled as Head of the Provisional Government.}} | | 28 October}} 1963 | 25 January}} 1964 | 1963|10|28|1964|01|25}} | – | | Military | Position abolished |
|---|
| 2 | {{small>(1913–1989) | 25 January}} 1964 | 27 November}} 1965
{{small|(resigned.)}} | 1964|01|25|1965|11|27}} | 1964 | | PDD | Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin |
|---|
| – | Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin
{{small>(1917–2002)}} | 27 November}} 1965 | 29 November}} 1965 | 1965|11|27|1965|11|29}} | – | | PDD | Himself |
|---|
| – | Tahirou Congacou
{{small>(1911–1993)}} | | 29 November}} 1965 | 22 December}} 1965
{{small|(deposed.)}} | 1965|11|29|1965|12|22}} | – | | PDD | Position abolished |
|---|
| 3 | {{small>(1909–1983) | | 22 December}} 1965 | 19 December}} 1967
{{small|(deposed.)}} | 1965|12|22|1967|12|19}} | – | | Military | Position abolished |
|---|
| – | Jean-Baptiste Hachème
{{small>(1929–1998)}}{{efn|Styled as Chairman of the Revolutionary Committee.}} | 19 December}} 1967 | 20 December}} 1967 | 1967|12|19|1967|12|20}} | – | | Military | Position abolished |
|---|
| – | Maurice Kouandété
{{small>(1932–2003)}} | | 20 December}} 1967 | 21 December}} 1967 | 1967|12|20|1967|12|21}} | – | | Military | Position abolished |
|---|
| – | Alphonse Alley
{{small>(1930–1987)}} | | 21 December}} 1967 | 17 July}} 1968 | 1967|12|21|1968|07|17}} | – | | Military | Kouandété |
|---|
| 4 | {{small>(1918–2016) | 17 July}} 1968 | 10 December}} 1969
{{small|(deposed.)}} | 1968|07|17|1969|12|10}} | 1968 (Jul) | | Independent | Position abolished |
|---|
| – | Maurice Kouandété
{{small>(1932–2003)}}{{efn|Styled as Chief of Staff of the Army.}} | | 10 December}} 1969 | 13 December}} 1969 | 1969|12|10|1969|12|13}} | – | | Military | Position abolished |
|---|
| – | Paul-Émile de Souza
{{small>(1930–1999)}}{{efn|Styled as Chairman of the Directory.}} | | 13 December}} 1969 | 7 May}} 1970 | 1969|12|13|1970|05|07}} | – | | Military | Position abolished |
|---|
| 1 | {{small>(1916–2000){{efn|name=Presidential Council|Styled as Chairman of the Presidential Council. | 7 May}} 1970 | 7 May}} 1972 | 1970|05|07|1972|05|07}} | – | | RDD | Position abolished |
|---|
| 2 | {{small>(1917–2002){{efn|name=Presidential Council | 7 May}} 1972 | 26 October}} 1972
{{small|(deposed.)}} | 1972|05|07|1972|10|26}} | – | | PDD | Position abolished |
|---|
| 5 | {{small>(1933–2015) | 26 October}} 1972 | 30 November}} 1975 | 1972|10|26|1975|11|30}} | – | | Military | Position abolished |
|---|
| People's Republic of Benin | | (5) | {{small>(1933–2015) | 30 November}} 1975 | 1 March}} 1990 | 1975|11|01|1990|03|01}} | 1980[9]
1984[9]
1989[9] | | Retired from the military in 1987, with the rank of a general.[10]}} / PRPB | Position abolished |
|---|
| Republic of Benin | | (5) | {{small>(1933–2015) | 1 March}} 1990 | 4 April}} 1991 | 1990|03|01|1991|04|04}} | – | | PRPB / Independent | Soglo |
|---|
| 6 | {{small>(1934–) | 4 April}} 1991 | 4 April}} 1996 | 1991|04|04|1996|04|04}} | 1991 | | RB | Position abolished |
|---|
| (5) | {{small>(1933–2015) | 4 April}} 1996 | 6 April}} 2006 | 1996|04|04|2006|04|06}} | 1996
2001 | | Independent / FARD–Alafia | Houngbédji |
|---|
| 7 | {{small>(1951–) | 6 April}} 2006 | 6 April}} 2016 | 2006|04|06|2016|04|06}} | 2006
2011 | | Independent | Koupaki
Zinsou |
|---|
| 8 | {{small>(1958–) | 6 April}} 2016 | Incumbent | 2016|4|6}} | 2016 | | Independent | Position abolished |
|---|
|
Notes{{notelist}}Latest election{{main|2016 Beninese presidential election}}| Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | | Votes | % | Votes | % |
|---|
| Lionel Zinsou | Cowry Forces for an Emerging Benin | 858,080 | 28.43 | 1,076,061 | 34.63 | | Patrice Talon | Independent | 746,528 | 24.73 | 2,030,941 | 65.37 | | Sébastien Ajavon | Independent | 693,084 | 22.96 | | | Abdoulaye Bio-Tchané | Alliance for a Triumphant Benin | 262,389 | 8.69 | | Pascal Koupaki | New Consciousness Rally | 177,251 | 5.87 | | Robert Gbian | Generations for Republican Governance | 46,634 | 1.54 | | Fernand Amoussou | Alliance of Forces of the Future | 35,390 | 1.17 | | Issa Salifou | Union for Relief | 30,855 | 1.02 | | Aké Natonde | Path of Benin | 26,501 | 0.88 | | Nassirou Bako Arifari | Amana Alliance | 19,012 | 0.63 | | Mohamed Atao Hinnouho | Résoatao Party | 12,441 | 0.41 | | Saliou Youssao Aboudou | | 12,215 | 0.40 | | Bertin Koovi | Iroko Alliance | 11,292 | 0.37 | | Richard Senou | | 8,123 | 0.27 | | Karimou Chabi Sika | Independent | 7,351 | 0.24 | | Zul-Kifl Salami | National Party of Congress | 6,782 | 0.22 | | Elisabeth Agbossaga | Union for Development and Reform | 5,802 | 0.19 | | Issifou Kogui N'douro | Independent | 5,130 | 0.17 | | Zacharie Cyriaque Goudali | 6 May Movement | 4,998 | 0.17 | | Kamarou Fassassi | Independent | 4,820 | 0.16 | | Gabriel Ayivi Adjavon | | 4,371 | 0.14 | | Marcel de Souza | Republican Front of Benin | 4,247 | 0.14 | | Azizou El-Hadj Issa | Independent | 4,143 | 0.14 | | Omer Rustique Guezo | | 3,999 | 0.13 | | Jean-Alexandre Hountondji | New March | 3,893 | 0.13 | | Daniel Edah | Movement for Prosperity and Solidarity | 3,694 | 0.12 | | Marie-Elise Gbèdo | | 3,597 | 0.12 | | Christian Enock Lagnide | | 3,391 | 0.11 | | Issa Badarou Soule | | 3,380 | 0.11 | | Simon Pierre Adovelande | Independent | 2,858 | 0.09 | | Moudjaidou Soumanou Issoufou | | 2,648 | 0.09 | | Gatien Houngbedji | Union for Economic and Social Development | 2,287 | 0.08 | | Kessile Tchala Sare | | 1,272 | 0.04 | | Invalid/blank votes | 116,530 | – | 31,622 | – | | Total | 3,134,988 | 100 | 3,138,624 | 100 | | Registered voters/turnout | 4,746,348 | 66.05 | 4,746,348 | 66.13 | | Source: Constitutional Court (first round, second round) |
See also- Dahomey
- Benin
- List of Prime Ministers of Benin
- List of colonial governors of Dahomey
- Lists of office-holders
References1. ^1 Article 42 of the Constitution of 1990.
2. ^Article 43 of the Constitution of 1990.
3. ^Article 44 of the Constitution of 1990.
4. ^1 2 Article 45 of the Constitution of 1990.
5. ^Article 46 of the Constitution of 1990.
6. ^1 Article 47 of the Constitution of 1990.
7. ^Article 53 of the Constitution of 1990.
8. ^1 2 3 Article 50 of the Constitution of 1990.
9. ^1 2 Elections in Benin African Elections Database
10. ^{{cite web | publisher=The New York Times | title=Mathieu Kérékou, Dictator Who Ushered In Democracy in Benin, Dies at 82 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/16/world/africa/mathieu-kerekou-dictator-who-ushered-in-democracy-in-benin-dies-at-82.html | date=October 15, 2015 | accessdate=March 11, 2019}}
External links- World Statesmen (Benin)
- [https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Benin_1990?lang=en 1990 Constitution of Benin]{{en icon}}
{{Benin topics}}{{BeninPresidents}}{{Years in Benin}}{{Heads of state and government of African states}}Àkójọ àwọn Ààrẹ ilẹ̀ Benin 3 : Presidents of Benin|Lists of national presidents|Benin-related lists |