| 词条 | Nina Andreyeva |
| 释义 |
| name = Nina Aleksandrovna Andreyeva Нина Александровна Андреева | birthname = | image = | nationality = Russian | order = General Secretary of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks[1] | term_start = 8 November 1991 | term_end = | predecessor = | deputy = | successor = | order2 = | term_start2 = | term_end2 = | predecessor2 = | successor2 = | birth_date = 12 October 1938 | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | spouse = | children = | profession = | party = All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (1991-) | otherparty = Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1966–1991) | signature = | allegiance = | branch = | serviceyears = | rank = | awards = }}Nina Aleksandrovna Andreyeva ({{lang-ru|Нина Александровна Андреева}}, born 12 October 1938) is a Russian chemist, teacher, author, political activist, and social critic.[2] A supporter of classical Soviet principles, she wrote an essay entitled I Cannot Forsake My Principles that defended many aspects of the traditional Soviet system, and criticized General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev and his closest supporters for not being true communists. In the rebuke published in the official party newspaper Pravda the essay was called The Manifesto of Anti-Perestroika Forces.[3][4] Career in chemistryShe was born in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg), and was a chemistry lecturer at the Leningrad Technological Institute. She joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) in 1966. I Cannot Forsake My PrinciplesHer essay I Cannot Forsake My Principles (Не могу поступаться принципами; variously translated in English commentary) was published in the newspaper Sovetskaya Rossiya on March 13, 1988, at a time when Gorbachev and Alexander Yakovlev were abroad, and cited an anti-Gorbachev report by the secretary of the Communist Party's Central Committee, Yegor Ligachev. Conservative party officials welcomed the essay, whereas supporters of Gorbachev and Boris Yeltsin feared that it represented a major threat for them. Gorbachev subsequently revealed that many members of the Politburo seemed to share Andreyeva's views, and that he had to coerce them into approving the publication of an official rejoinder. The published response appeared in Pravda on 5 April 1988.[5] Subsequent careerAndreyeva subsequently played a leadership role in the formation of communist organisations. She headed the organizing committee of the Bolshevik Platform of the CPSU that expelled Gorbachev from the party in September 1991. In November 1991, she became the general secretary of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, which saw itself as the successor to the CPSU. In October 1993, the party was temporarily suspended along with fifteen other organisations after President Yeltsin's repression of the attempted coup against his regime. In May 1995 she was removed from the post as the head of the St. Petersburg Central Committee of the party for "lack of revolutionary activity." [6] Works
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vkpb.ru/index.php/o-partii|title=О партии - ВКПБ|first=Super|last=User|website=vkpb.ru}} 2. ^{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Russian history|year=2004|publisher=Thomson Gale|location=Detroit|isbn=0028659074|pages=v. 1, p. 60|editor=James R. Millar}} 3. ^Quote: "...вопросы подняты серьезные и в таком ключе, который иначе как идейной платформой, манифестом антиперестроечных сил не назовешь. " 4. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/1988/05/05/world/new-ferment-on-the-pariah-of-perestroika.html "New Ferment On the Pariah Of Perestroika"], NY Times 5. ^{{cite book|last=Brown|first=Archie|authorlink=Archie Brown|title=The Rise and Fall of Communism|year=2009|publisher=Ecco|location=New York City|isbn=978-0-06-113879-9|pages=504–506}} 6. ^{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Russian history|year=2004|publisher=Thomson Gale|location=Detroit|isbn=0028659074|pages=v. 1, p. 61|editor=James R. Millar}} External links
14 : 1938 births|Living people|People from Saint Petersburg|Anti-revisionists|Russian communists|Russian Marxists|Russian anti-capitalists|Soviet women chemists|20th-century chemists|20th-century women scientists|Science teachers|Social critics|Neo-Stalinists|Russian women in politics |
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