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词条 List of Prime Ministers of France
释义

  1. Kingdom of France (843–1792)

  2. First French Republic (1792–1804)

  3. First French Empire (1804–1814)

  4. First Restoration (1814–1815)

  5. Hundred Days (1815)

  6. Bourbon Restoration (1815–1830)

     Presidents of the Council of Ministers 

  7. July Monarchy (1830–1848)

     Presidents of the Council of Ministers 

  8. Second French Republic (1848–1852)

     Presidents of the Council of Ministers 

  9. Second French Empire (1852–1870)

     Cabinet Chiefs 

  10. Third French Republic (1870–1940)

     President of the Government of National Defense  Presidents of the Council of Ministers 

  11. Vichy France (1940–1945)

     Presidents and Vice Presidents of the Council of Ministers, President of the French Governmental Commission 

  12. Provisional Government of the French Republic (1944–1946)

     Chairmen of the Provisional Government 

  13. Fourth French Republic (1946–1958)

     Presidents of the Council of Ministers 

  14. Fifth French Republic (1958–present)

     Prime Ministers  Timeline since 1959 

  15. See also

  16. References

  17. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2013}}{{Politics of France}}

The Prime Minister of France is the head of the Government of France.

During earlier periods of French history, the French head of government was known by different titles. Most recently, during the Second, Third and Fourth Republics, the Head of Government was called President of the Council of Ministers ({{lang|fr|Président du Conseil des Ministres}}), generally shortened to President of the Council ({{lang|fr|Président du Conseil}}).

Kingdom of France (843–1792)

{{main|Ancien Régime|Chief minister of France|Kingdom of France|Kingdom of France (1791–92)}}

Under the Kingdom of France, there was no official title for the leader of the government. The chief ministers (principal ministres) of certain Kings of France nonetheless led the government de facto.

Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Took office Left office King
(Reign)
Maximilien de Béthune, Duke of Sully
(1560–1641)		 2 August 1589 29 January 1611Henry IV

(1589–1610)
Nicolas de Neufville, seigneur de Villeroy
(1543–1617)		 1611 1614Louis XIII

(1610–1643)
Concino Concini
(1575–1617)		 1616 24 April 1617
(Died in office)
Cardinal Armand Jean du Plessis, Duke of Richelieu and of Fronsac
(1585–1642)		 12 August 1624 4 December 1642
(Died in office)
Cardinal Jules Raymond Mazarin
(1602–1661)		 4 December 1642 9 March 1661
(Died in office)		Louis XIV

(1643–1715)
— Position vacant
(absolute rule by Louis XIV)		 9 March 1661 1 September 1715
Cardinal Guillaume Dubois
(1656–1723)		 c. 1715 10 August 1723
(Died in office)		Louis XV

(1715–1774)
Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
(1674–1723)		 10 August 1723 2 December 1723
(Died in office)
Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon
(1692–1740)		 2 December 1723 11 June 1726
Cardinal André-Hercule de Fleury
(1653–1743)		 11 June 1726 29 January 1743
(Died in office)
— Position vacant
(absolute rule by Louis XV)		 29 January 1743 3 December 1758
Étienne François de Choiseul, Duke of Choiseul
(1719–1785)		 3 December 1758 24 December 1770
René Nicolas Charles Augustin de Maupeou
(1714–1792)		 24 December 1770 14 May 1774
Jean-Frédéric Phélypeaux, comte de Maurepas
(1701–1781)		 14 May 1774 21 November 1781
(Died in office)		Louis XVI

(1774–1792)
Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes
(1717–1787)		 21 November 1781 13 February 1787
(Died in office)
Archbishop Étienne Charles de Loménie de Brienne
(1727–1794)		 1 May 1787 25 August 1788
Jacques Necker
(1732–1804)		 25 August 1788 11 July 1789
Louis Auguste Le Tonnelier de Breteuil
(1730–1807)		 11 July 1789 16 July 1789
Jacques Necker
(1732–1804)		 16 July 1789 3 September 1790
Armand Marc, comte de Montmorin
(1745–1792)		 3 September 1790 29 November 1791

First French Republic (1792–1804)

{{main|French Revolution|First French Republic}}

During the First Republic, the arrangements for governance changed frequently:

  • National Convention (20 September 1792 – 2 November 1795)
    • with Maximilien Robespierre as leading member of the Convention's Committee of Public Safety (27 July 1793 – 27 July 1794)
  • Directory (2 November 1795 – 10 November 1799)
  • Consulate (10 November 1799 – 18 May 1804), with Napoleon Bonaparte as First Consul

There was no individual head of government.

First French Empire (1804–1814)

{{main|First French Empire}}

As Emperor, Napoleon was both head of state and head of government.

PortraitNameTerm of officePolitical Party Emperor
(Reign)
Position vacant
(absolute rule by Napoleon I)		 1 18 May 1804 1 April 1814 BonapartistNapoleon I

(1804–1814)

First Restoration (1814–1815)

{{main|First Restoration}}
PortraitNameTerm of officePolitical Party King
(Reign)
Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord
(1754–1838)
(as President of the Council)		 1 1 April 1814 13 May 1814IndependentLouis XVIII

(1814–1815)
Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord
(1754–1838)
(as Foreign Minister)		 2 13 May 1814 19 March 1815

Hundred Days (1815)

{{main|Hundred Days}}

As Emperor, Napoleon was both head of state and head of government. Upon Napoleon's abdication, his son Napoleon II was named Emperor. This rule was nominal, and Napoleon II remained in Austria throughout his nominal reign.

PortraitNameTerm of officePolitical Party Emperor
(Reign)
Position vacant
(absolute rule by Napoleon I)		 2 20 March 1815 22 June 1815 BonapartistNapoleon I

(1815)
Joseph Fouché
(1759–1820)
(as President of the Executive Commission)		 • 22 June 1815 7 July 1815 IndependentNapoleon II

(1815)

Bourbon Restoration (1815–1830)

{{main|Bourbon Restoration}}

Presidents of the Council of Ministers

Political parties
{{legend2|{{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}|Independent|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Ultra-royalist/meta/color}}|Ultra-royalists|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Doctrinaires/meta/color}}|Doctrinaires|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		Term of officePolitical PartyLegislature
(Election)		 King
(Reign)
Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord
(1754–1838)		 • 9 July 1815 26 September 1815 IndependentI (1815)Louis XVIII

(1815–1824)
Armand-Emmanuel de Vignerot du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu
(1766–1822)		 1 26 September 1815 29 December 1818 Independent
Jean-Joseph, Marquis Dessolles
(1767–1828)		 • 29 December 1818 19 November 1819 DoctrinairesII (1816)
Élie Decazes, duc de Glücksbierg and Decazes
(1780–1860)		 • 19 November 1819 20 February 1820 Doctrinaires
Armand-Emmanuel de Vignerot du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu
(1766–1822)		 2 20 February 1820 14 December 1821 DoctrinairesIII (1820)
Jean-Baptiste de Villèle
(1773–1854)		•14 December 18214 January 1828Ultra-royalist
IV (1824)Charles X

(1824–1830)
Jean Baptiste Gay, vicomte de Martignac
(1778–1832)		 • 4 January 1828 8 August 1829 DoctrinairesV (1827)
Jules de Polignac, duc de Polignac
(1780–1847)		 • 8 August 1829 29 July 1830 Ultra-royalist
Casimir de Rochechouart, duc de Mortemart
(1787–1875)		 •29 July 1830 Ultra-royalist

July Monarchy (1830–1848)

{{main|July Monarchy}}

Presidents of the Council of Ministers

Political parties
{{legend2|{{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}|Independent|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Orleanist/meta/color}}|Orléanist|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Movement Party (France)/meta/color}}|Doctrinaires/Movement Party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Resistance Party (France)/meta/color}}|Resistance Party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		Term of officePolitical PartyLegislature
(Election)		 King
(Reign)
—Position vacant
(government led by
Louis Philippe I)		 01 August 18302 November 1830(Orléanist)I (1830)Louis Philippe I

(1830–1848)
1
Jacques Laffitte
(1767–1844)		 • 2 November 1830 13 March 1831 Orléanist
Casimir Pierre Périer
(1777–1832)		 • 13 March 1831 16 May 1832 Resistance PartyII (1831)
Jean-de-Dieu Soult
(1769–1851)		 1 11 October 1832 18 July 1834 Orléanist
Étienne Maurice Gérard
(1773–1852)		 • 18 July 1834 10 November 1834 IndependentIII (1834)
Hugues-Bernard Maret
(1763–1839)		 • 10 November 1834 18 November 1834 Independent
Édouard Mortier
(1768–1835)		 • 18 November 1834 12 March 1835 Resistance Party
Victor de Broglie
(1785–1870)		 • 12 March 1835 22 February 1836 Resistance Party
Adolphe Thiers
(1797–1877)		 1 22 February 1836 6 September 1836 Movement Party
Louis-Mathieu Molé
(1781–1855)		 16 September 183631 March 1839Resistance Party
2IV (1837)
— Position vacant
(government led by
Louis Philippe I)		 2 31 March 1839 12 May 1839 (Orléanist)
Jean-de-Dieu Soult
(1769–1851)		 2 12 May 1839 1 March 1840 Resistance PartyV (1839)
Adolphe Thiers
(1797–1877)		 2 1 March 1840 29 October 1840 Movement Party
Jean-de-Dieu Soult
(1769–1851)		 3 29 October 1840 19 September 1847 Resistance Party VI (1842)
François Guizot
(1787–1874)		• 19 September 1847 23 February 1848 Resistance PartyVII (1846)
Louis-Mathieu Molé
(1781–1855)		 23 February 1848 24 February 1848 Resistance Party

Second French Republic (1848–1852)

{{main|Second French Republic}}

Presidents of the Council of Ministers

Political parties
{{legend2|{{Moderate Republicans (France)/meta/color}}|Moderate Republican|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Party of Order/meta/color}}|Party of Order|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Bonapartist/meta/color}}|Bonapartist|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		Term of officePolitical PartyLegislature
(Election)		President
(Term)
1 Jacques-Charles Dupont de l'Eure
(1767–1855)		 • 24 February 1848 9 May 1848 Moderate RepublicanConst.
(1848)		Himself
de facto
(Provisional)
2 François Arago
(1786–1853)		 • 10 May 1848 24 June 1848 Moderate RepublicanExecutive Commission
3 Louis-Eugène Cavaignac
(1802–1857)		 • 28 June 1848 20 December 1848 Moderate RepublicanHimself
de facto
(Martial Law)
4Odilon Barrot
(1791–1873)		 120 December 184831 October 1849Party of Order1Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte

(1848–1852)
2Leg.
(1849)
5 Alphonse Henri, comte d'Hautpoul
(1789–1865)		 • 31 October 1849 24 January 1851 Party of Order
— Position vacant
(government led by
Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte)		 • 24 January 1851 10 April 1851 (Bonapartist)
6 Léon Faucher
(1803–1854)		 • 10 April 1851 26 October 1851 Party of Order
—Position vacant
(government led by
Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte)		 026 October 18512 December 1852(Bonapartist)
1
2

Second French Empire (1852–1870)

{{main|Second French Empire}}

Cabinet Chiefs

Political parties
{{legend2|{{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}|Independent|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Bonapartist/meta/color}}|Bonapartist|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#7FFF00|Liberal Bonapartist|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		Term of officePolitical PartyLegislature
(Election)		Emperor
(Reign)
—Position vacant
(absolute rule by Napoleon III)		32 December 185227 December 1869(Bonapartist)I (1852)Napoleon III

(1852–1870)
II (1857)
III (1863)
4IV (1869)
Émile Ollivier
(1825–1913)		 • 2 January 1870 9 August 1870 Liberal Bonapartist
Charles Cousin-Montauban
(1796–1878)		 • 9 August 1870 4 September 1870 Independent

Third French Republic (1870–1940)

{{main|Government of National Defense|Third French Republic}}

President of the Government of National Defense

PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		Term of officePolitical PartyLegislature
(Election)
Louis-Jules Trochu
(1815–1896)		 • 4 September 1870 22 January 1871 Military None

Presidents of the Council of Ministers

Political Parties
{{legend2|{{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}|Independent|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Miscellaneous Right/meta/color}}|Monarchists (Legitimist/Orleanist)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Opportunist Republicans/meta/color}}|Republican Left/Democratic Union|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Republican Union (France)/meta/color}}|Republican Union|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Radical Party (France)/meta/color}}|Radical-Socialist Party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Progressive Republicans (France)/meta/color}}|Liberal Republican Union|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color}}|Democratic Republican Alliance|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Republican-Socialist Party/meta/color}}|Republican-Socialist Party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{French Section of the Workers International/meta/color}}|French Section of the Workers' International|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		Term of officePolitical Party
(Political Coalition)		Legislature
(Election)		President
(Term)
6Jules Armand Dufaure
(1798–1881)		 119 February 187124 May 1873IndependentNational Assembly (1871)2Adolphe Thiers

(1871–1873)
2
7Albert, duc de Broglie
(1821–1901)		 125 May 187322 May 1874Monarchist3Patrice de Mac Mahon

(1873–1879)
2
8 Ernest Courtot de Cissey
(1810–1882)		 • 22 May 1874 10 March 1875 Monarchist
9 Louis Buffet
(1818–1898)		 • 10 March 1875 23 February 1876 Monarchist
6Jules Armand Dufaure
(1798–1881)		 323 February 187612 December 1876Republican Left
4
10 Jules Simon
(1814–1896)		 • 12 December 1876 17 May 1877 Republican LeftI (1876)
7 Albert, duc de Broglie
(1821–1901)		 3 17 May 1877 23 November 1877 Monarchist
11 Gaëtan de Rochebouët
(1813–1899)		 • 23 November 1877 13 December 1877 MonarchistII (1877)
6 Jules Armand Dufaure
(1798–1881)		 5 13 December 1877 4 February 1879 Republican Left
12 William Waddington
(1826–1894)		 • 4 February 1879 28 December 1879 Republican Left4Jules Grévy

(1879–1887)
13 Charles de Freycinet
(1828–1923)		 1 28 December 1879 23 September 1880 Republican Union
14 Jules Ferry
(1832–1893)		 1 23 September 1880 14 November 1881 Republican Left
15 Léon Gambetta
(1838–1882)		 • 14 November 1881 30 January 1882 Republican UnionIII (1881)
13 Charles de Freycinet
(1828–1923)		 2 30 January 1882 7 August 1882 Republican Union
16 Charles Duclerc
(1812–1888)		 • 7 August 1882 29 January 1883 Republican Left
17 Armand Fallières
(1841–1931)		 • 29 January 1883 21 February 1883 Republican Left
14 Jules Ferry
(1832–1893)		 2 21 February 1883 6 April 1885 Republican Left
18 Henri Brisson
(1835–1912)		 1 6 April 1885 7 January 1886 Democratic Union
13 Charles de Freycinet
(1828–1923)		 3 7 January 1886 16 December 1886 Democratic UnionIV (1885)
19 René Goblet
(1828–1905)		 • 16 December 1886 30 May 1887 Radical Republican
20 Maurice Rouvier
(1842–1911)		 1 30 May 1887 12 December 1887 Democratic Union
21 Pierre Tirard
(1827–1893)		 1 12 December 1887 3 April 1888 Democratic Union5Marie François Sadi Carnot

(1887–1894)
22 Charles Floquet
(1828–1896)		 • 3 April 1888 22 February 1889 Democratic Union
21 Pierre Tirard
(1827–1893)		 2 22 February 1889 17 March 1890 Democratic Union
13 Charles de Freycinet
(1828–1923)		 4 17 March 1890 27 February 1892 Democratic UnionV (1889)
23 Émile Loubet
(1838–1929)		 • 27 February 1892 6 December 1892 Democratic Union
24Alexandre Ribot
(1842–1923)		 16 December 18924 April 1893Liberal Republican Union
2
25 Charles Dupuy
(1851–1923)		 1 4 April 1893 3 December 1893 Liberal Republican Union
26 Jean Casimir-Perier
(1847–1907)		 • 3 December 1893 30 May 1894 Democratic UnionVI (1893)
25Charles Dupuy
(1851–1923)		 230 May 189426 January 1895Liberal Republican Union
36Jean Casimir-Perier

(1894–1895)
24 Alexandre Ribot
(1842–1923)		 3 26 January 1895 1 November 1895 Liberal Republican Union7Félix Faure

(1895–1899)
27 Léon Bourgeois
(1851–1925)		 • 1 November 1895 29 April 1896 Radical Republican
28 Jules Méline
(1838–1925)		 • 29 April 1896 28 June 1898 Liberal Republican Union
18 Henri Brisson
(1835–1912)		 2 28 June 1898 1 November 1898 Radical RepublicansVII (1898)
25Charles Dupuy
(1851–1923)		 41 November 189822 June 1899Liberal Republican Union
5Émile Loubet

(1899–1906)
29 Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau
(1846–1904)		 • 22 June 1899 7 June 1902 Democratic Union8
30 Émile Combes
(1835–1921)		 • 7 June 1902 24 January 1905 Radical-Socialist Party
(Bloc des gauches)		VIII (1902)
20Maurice Rouvier
(1842–1911)		 224 January 190512 March 1906Democratic Republican Alliance
39Armand Fallières

(1906–1913)
31 Ferdinand Sarrien
(1840–1915)		 • 12 March 1906 25 October 1906 Radical-Socialist Party
32 Georges Clemenceau
(1841–1929)		 1 25 October 1906 24 July 1909 IndependentIX (1906)
33Aristide Briand
(1862–1932)		 124 July 19092 March 1911Republican-Socialist Party
2
34 Ernest Monis
(1846–1929)		 • 2 March 1911 27 June 1911 Radical-Socialist PartyX (1910)
35 Joseph Caillaux
(1863–1944)		 • 27 June 1911 21 January 1912 Radical-Socialist Party
36 Raymond Poincaré
(1860–1934)		 1 21 January 1912 21 January 1913 Republican Democratic Party
33Aristide Briand
(1862–1932)		 321 January 191322 March 1913Republican-Socialist Party
410Raymond Poincaré

(1913–1920)
37 Louis Barthou
(1862–1934)		 • 22 March 1913 9 December 1913 Republican Democratic Party
38 Gaston Doumergue
(1863–1937)		 1 9 December 1913 9 June 1914 Radical-Socialist Party
24 Alexandre Ribot
(1842–1923)		 4 9 June 1914 13 June 1914 Republican Democratic PartyXI (1914)
39René Viviani
(1863–1925)		 113 June 191429 October 1915Republican-Socialist Party
2
33Aristide Briand
(1862–1932)		 529 October 191520 March 1917Republican-Socialist Party
6
24 Alexandre Ribot
(1842–1923)		 5 20 March 1917 12 September 1917 Republican Democratic Party
40 Paul Painlevé
(1863–1933)		 1 12 September 1917 16 November 1917 Republican-Socialist Party
32 Georges Clemenceau
(1841–1929)		 2 16 November 1917 20 January 1920 Independent
41Alexandre Millerand
(1859–1943)		 120 January 192024 September 1920Independent
(National Bloc)		XII (1919)
211Paul Deschanel

(1920)
42 Georges Leygues
(1857–1933)		 • 24 September 1920 16 January 1921 Republican, Democratic and Social Party
(National Bloc)		12Alexandre Millerand

(1920–1924)
33 Aristide Briand
(1862–1932)		 7 16 January 1921 15 January 1922 Republican-Socialist Party
36Raymond Poincaré
(1860–1934)		 215 January 19228 June 1924Republican, Democratic and Social Party
(National Bloc)
3
43 Frédéric François-Marsal
(1874–1958)		 • 8 June 1924 15 June 1924 Independent
(National Bloc)		XIII (1924)
45 Édouard Herriot
(1872–1957)		 1 15 June 1924 17 April 1925 Radical-Socialist Party
(Cartel des Gauches)		13Gaston Doumergue

(1924–1931)
40Paul Painlevé
(1863–1933)		 217 April 192528 November 1925Republican-Socialist Party
(Cartel des Gauches)
3
33Aristide Briand
(1862–1932)		 828 November 192520 July 1926Republican-Socialist Party
(Cartel des Gauches)
9
10
45 Édouard Herriot
(1872–1957)		 2 20 July 1926 23 July 1926 Radical-Socialist Party
(Cartel des Gauches)
36Raymond Poincaré
(1860–1934)		 423 July 192629 July 1929Democratic Alliance
(National Union)
5
33 Aristide Briand
(1862–1932)		 11 29 July 1929 2 November 1929 Republican-Socialist PartyXIV (1928)
46 André Tardieu
(1876–1945)		 1 2 November 1929 21 February 1930 Democratic Alliance
47 Camille Chautemps
(1885–1963)		 1 21 February 1930 2 March 1930 Radical-Socialist Party
46 André Tardieu
(1876–1945)		 2 2 March 1930 13 December 1930 Democratic Alliance
48 Théodore Steeg
(1868–1950)		 • 13 December 1930 27 January 1931 Radical-Socialist Party
49Pierre Laval
(1883–1945)		 127 January 193120 February 1932Independent
(National Bloc)
214Paul Doumer

(1931–1932)
3
46 André Tardieu
(1876–1945)		 3 20 February 1932 3 June 1932 Democratic Alliance
45 Édouard Herriot
(1872–1957)		 3 3 June 1932 18 December 1932 Radical-Socialist Party
(Cartel des Gauches)		XV (1932)15Albert Lebrun

(1932–1940)
50 Joseph Paul-Boncour
(1873–1972)		 • 18 December 1932 31 January 1933 Republican-Socialist Party
(Cartel des Gauches)
51 Édouard Daladier
(1884–1970)		 1 31 January 1933 26 October 1933 Radical-Socialist Party
(Cartel des Gauches)
52 Albert Sarraut
(1872–1962)		 1 26 October 1933 26 November 1933 Radical-Socialist Party
(Cartel des Gauches)
47 Camille Chautemps
(1885–1963)		 2 26 November 1933 30 January 1934 Radical-Socialist Party
(Cartel des Gauches)
51 Édouard Daladier
(1884–1970)		 2 30 January 1934 9 February 1934 Radical-Socialist Party
(Cartel des Gauches)
38 Gaston Doumergue
(1863–1937)		 2 9 February 1934 8 November 1934 Radical-Socialist Party
(Government of National Union)
53 Pierre-Étienne Flandin
(1889–1958)		 1 8 November 1934 1 June 1935 Democratic Alliance
54 Fernand Bouisson
(1874–1959)		 • 1 June 1935 7 June 1935 Republican-Socialist Party
49 Pierre Laval
(1883–1945)		 4 7 June 1935 24 January 1936 Independent
(National Bloc)
52 Albert Sarraut
(1872–1962)		 2 24 January 1936 4 June 1936 Radical-Socialist Party
55 Léon Blum
(1872–1950)		 1 4 June 1936 22 June 1937 French Section of the Workers' International
(Popular Front)		XVI (1936)
47Camille Chautemps
(1885–1963)		 322 June 193713 March 1938Radical-Socialist Party
(Popular Front)
4
55 Léon Blum
(1872–1950)		 2 13 March 1938 10 April 1938 French Section of the Workers' International
(Popular Front)
51Édouard Daladier
(1884–1970)		 310 April 193821 March 1940Radical-Socialist Party
4
5
56 Paul Reynaud
(1878–1966)		 • 21 March 1940 16 June 1940 Democratic Alliance
57 Philippe Pétain
(1856–1951)		 • 16 June 1940 11 July 1940 Independent

Vichy France (1940–1945)

{{main article|Vichy France}}

Presidents and Vice Presidents of the Council of Ministers, President of the French Governmental Commission

Political party{{legend2|brown|Vichy|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
PortraitPresidentVice President Government Took office Left office
Philippe Pétain Pierre Laval 5 11 July 1940 13 December 1940
Pierre-Étienne Flandin 2 13 December 1940 9 February 1941
François Darlan • 9 February 1941 18 April 1942
Pierre Laval Position abolished 6 18 April 1942 20 August 1944
Fernand de Brinon Position abolished • 25 August 1944 22 April 1945

Provisional Government of the French Republic (1944–1946)

{{main|Provisional Government of the French Republic}}

Chairmen of the Provisional Government

Political parties
{{legend2|{{Independent/meta/color}}|Independent|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{French Section of the Workers International/meta/color}}|French Section of the Workers' International|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Popular Republican Movement/meta/color}}|Popular Republican Movement|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		Term of officePolitical Party
(Political Coalition)		Legislature
(Election)
59Charles de Gaulle
(1890–1970)		 120 August 194426 January 1946Independent Provisional
2I (1945)
60 Félix Gouin
(1884–1977)		 • 26 January 1946 24 June 1946 French Section of the Workers' International
(Tripartisme)
61 Georges Bidault
(1899–1983)		 1 24 June 1946 28 November 1946 Popular Republican Movement
(Tripartisme)		II (June 1946)
– Vincent Auriol
(1884–1966)
(interim)		 – 28 November 1946 16 December 1946 French Section of the Workers' International
(Tripartisme)		IV Rep.
I (Nov.1946)
62 Léon Blum
(1872–1950)		 3 16 December 1946 22 January 1947 French Section of the Workers' International
(Tripartisme)

Fourth French Republic (1946–1958)

{{main|Fourth French Republic}}

Presidents of the Council of Ministers

Political parties
{{legend2|{{French Section of the Workers International/meta/color}}|French Section of the Workers' International|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party (historical)/meta/color}}|Radical Party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Democratic Movement (France)/meta/color}}|Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Popular Republican Movement/meta/color}}|Popular Republican Movement|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{National Centre of Independents and Peasants/meta/color}}|National Centre of Independents and Peasants|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Union for the New Republic/meta/color}}|Union for the New Republic|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		Term of officePolitical Party
(Political Coalition)		Legislature
(Election)		President
(Term)
63Paul Ramadier
(1888–1961)		 122 January 194724 November 1947French Section of the Workers' International
(Tripartisme)		I (Nov.1946)16Vincent Auriol

(1947–1954)
2
65 Robert Schuman
(1886–1963)		 1 24 November 1947 24 July 1948 Popular Republican Movement
(Third Force)
66 André Marie
(1897–1974)		 • 24 July 1948 2 September 1948 Radical Party
(Third Force)
65 Robert Schuman
(1886–1963)		 2 2 September 1948 11 September 1948 Popular Republican Movement
(Third Force)
67 Henri Queuille
(1884–1970)		 1 11 September 1948 28 October 1949 Radical Party
(Third Force)
61Georges Bidault
(1899–1983)		 228 October 19492 July 1950Popular Republican Movement
(Third Force)
3
67 Henri Queuille
(1884–1970)		 2 2 July 1950 12 July 1950 Radical Party
(Third Force)
68 René Pleven
(1901–1993)		 1 12 July 1950 10 March 1951 Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance
(Third Force)
67 Henri Queuille
(1884–1970)		 3 10 March 1951 11 August 1951 Radical Party
(Third Force)
68 René Pleven
(1901–1993)		 2 11 August 1951 20 January 1952 Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance
(Third Force)		II (1951)
69 Edgar Faure
(1908–1988)		 1 20 January 1952 8 March 1952 Radical Party
70 Antoine Pinay
(1891–1994)		 • 8 March 1952 8 January 1953 National Centre of Independents and Peasants
71 René Mayer
(1895–1972)		 • 8 January 1953 28 June 1953 Radical Party
72Joseph Laniel
(1889–1975)		 128 June 195319 June 1954National Centre of Independents and Peasants
217René Coty

(1954–1959)
73 Pierre Mendès France
(1907–1982)		• 19 June 1954 17 February 1955 Radical Party
74 Christian Pineau
(1904–1995)
Acting		 17 February 1955 23 February 1955 French Section of the Workers International
69 Edgar Faure
(1908–1988)		 2 23 February 1955 1 February 1956 Radical Party
(Republican Front)
75 Guy Mollet
(1905–1975)		 • 1 February 1956 13 June 1957 French Section of the Workers' International
(Republican Front)		III (1956)
76 Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury
(1914–1993)		 • 13 June 1957 6 November 1957 Radical Party
(Republican Front)
77 Félix Gaillard
(1919–1970)		 • 6 November 1957 14 May 1958 Radical Party
(Republican Front)
78 Pierre Pflimlin
(1907–2000)		 • 14 May 1958 1 June 1958 Popular Republican Movement
59 Charles de Gaulle
(1890–1970)		 3 1 June 1958 8 January 1959 Union for the New Republic

Fifth French Republic (1958–present)

{{main|Fifth French Republic}}

This was the first time when the term Prime Minister was used, rather than President of the Council of Ministers, reflecting the new power-sharing with the President of the Republic, who had before then been only head of state but not head of government.

Prime Ministers

Political parties
{{legend2|{{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}|Independent|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Union for the New Republic/meta/color}}|Gaullist (UNR/UDR/RPR)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{La République En Marche!/meta/color}}|Centrist (REM)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Republican Party (France)/meta/color}}|Liberal-centrist (PR/UDF)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Socialist Party (France)/meta/color}}|Socialist|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{Union for a Popular Movement/meta/color}}|Neo-Gaullist (UMP/LR)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		Term of officePolitical Party
(Political Coalition)		Legislature
(Election) 		President
(Term)
79 Michel Debré
(1912–1996)		 • 8 January 1959 14 April 1962Union for the New RepublicI (1958)18Charles de Gaulle

(1959–1969)
80Georges Pompidou
(1911–1974)		 1 14 April 1962 7 December 1962
2 7 December 1962 8 January 1966II (1962)
3 8 January 1966 1 April 1967
4 5 April 1967 10 July 1968 III (1967)
81 Maurice Couve de Murville
(1907–1999)		 • 10 July 1968 20 June 1969Union of Democrats for the RepublicIV (1968)
82 Jacques Chaban-Delmas
(1915–2000)		 • 20 June 1969 6 July 197219Georges Pompidou

(1969–1974)
83Pierre Messmer
(1916–2007)		 1 6 July 1972 5 April 1973
2 5 April 1973 1 March 1974V (1973)
3 1 March 1974 27 May 1974
84 Jacques Chirac
(1932–)		 1 27 May 1974 26 August 197620Valéry Giscard d'Estaing

(1974–1981)
85Raymond Barre
(1924–2007)		 1 26 August 1976 29 March 1977Independent
2 29 March 1977 31 March 1978
85 3 31 March 1978 21 May 1981Union for French DemocracyVI (1978)
86Pierre Mauroy
(1928–2013)		 1 21 May 1981 23 June 1981Socialist Party21François Mitterrand

(1981–1995)
2 23 June 1981 23 March 1983VII (1981)
3 23 March 1983 17 July 1984
87 Laurent Fabius
(1946–)		 • 17 July 1984 20 March 1986
84 Jacques Chirac
(1932–)		 2 20 March 1986 10 May 1988 Rally for the RepublicVIII (1986)
88Michel Rocard
(1930–2016)		 1 10 May 1988 22 June 1988Socialist Party
2 23 June 1988 15 May 1991IX (1988)
89 Édith Cresson
(1934–)		 • 15 May 1991 2 April 1992
90 Pierre Bérégovoy
(1925–1993)		 • 2 April 1992 29 March 1993
91 Édouard Balladur
(1929–)		 • 29 March 1993 17 May 1995Rally for the RepublicX (1993)
92Alain Juppé
(1945–)		 1 18 May 1995 7 November 199522Jacques Chirac

(1995–2007)
2 7 November 1995 3 June 1997
93 Lionel Jospin
(1937–)		 • 3 June 1997 6 May 2002 Socialist PartyXI (1997)
94Jean-Pierre Raffarin
(1948–)		 1 7 May 2002 17 June 2002Liberal Democracy
then Union for a Popular Movement
2 17 June 2002 30 March 2004XII (2002)
3 31 March 2004 31 May 2005
95 Dominique de Villepin
(1953–)		 • 31 May 2005 15 May 2007Union for a Popular Movement
96François Fillon
(1954–)		 1 17 May 2007 18 June 200723Nicolas Sarkozy

(2007–2012)
2 19 June 2007 13 November 2010XIII (2007)
3 14 November 2010 10 May 2012
97Jean-Marc Ayrault
(1950–)		 1 15 May 2012 18 June 2012Socialist Party24François Hollande

(2012–2017)
2 18 June 2012 31 March 2014XIV (2012)
98Manuel Valls
(1962–)		 1 31 March 2014 25 August 2014
2 25 August 2014 6 December 2016
99 Bernard Cazeneuve
(1963–)		 • 6 December 2016 15 May 2017
100Édouard Philippe
(1970–)		 1 15 May 2017 19 June 2017The Republicans
Then miscellaneous right		Emmanuel Macron
(2017–)
2 19 June 2017 IncumbentXV (2017)

Timeline since 1959

{{#tag:timeline|

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PlotArea = top:10 bottom:50 right:130 left:20

AlignBars = late

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy

Period = from:01/01/1959 till:31/07/2019

TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal

ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:05 start:1959

Colors =

  id:right   value:rgb(0,0,1)   legend: gaullist/right  id:udf  value:rgb(1,0.6,0)   legend: liberal/centrist  id:ps value:rgb(1,0.2,0.4)  legend: socialist/left

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  pos:(20,27) textcolor:black fontsize:M  text:"Political parties:"

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PlotData=

  width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till  barset:PM
 from: 08/01/1959 till: 14/04/1962 color:right text:"Debré" fontsize:10 from: 14/04/1962 till: 10/07/1968 color:right text:"Pompidou" fontsize:10 from: 10/07/1968 till: 20/06/1969 color:right text:"Couve de Murville" fontsize:10 from: 20/06/1969 till: 06/07/1972 color:right text:"Chaban-Delmas" fontsize:10 from: 06/07/1972 till: 27/05/1974 color:right text:"Messmer" fontsize:10 from: 27/05/1974 till: 26/08/1976 color:right text:"Chirac" fontsize:10 from: 26/08/1976 till: 21/05/1981 color:udf text:"Barre" fontsize:10 from: 21/05/1981 till: 17/07/1984 color:ps text:"Mauroy" fontsize:10 from: 17/07/1984 till: 20/03/1986 color:ps text:"Fabius" fontsize:10 from: 20/03/1986 till: 10/05/1988 color:right text:"Chirac" fontsize:10 from: 10/05/1988 till: 15/05/1991 color:ps text:"Rocard" fontsize:10 from: 15/05/1991 till: 02/04/1992 color:ps text:"Cresson" fontsize:10 from: 02/04/1992 till: 29/03/1993 color:ps text:"Bérégovoy" fontsize:10 from: 29/03/1993 till: 18/05/1995 color:right text:"Balladur" fontsize:10 from: 18/05/1995 till: 03/06/1997 color:right text:"Juppé" fontsize:10 from: 03/06/1997 till: 06/05/2002 color:ps text:"Jospin" fontsize:10 from: 07/05/2002 till: 31/05/2005 color:right text:"Raffarin" fontsize:10 from: 31/05/2005 till: 17/05/2007 color:right text:"Villepin" fontsize:10 from: 17/05/2007 till: 16/05/2012 color:right text:"Fillon" fontsize:10 from: 16/05/2012 till: 31/03/2014 color:ps text:"Ayrault" fontsize:10 from: 31/03/2014 till: 06/12/2016 color:ps text:"Valls" fontsize:10 from: 06/12/2016 till: 15/05/2017 color:ps text:"Cazeneuve" fontsize:10 from: 15/05/2017 till: {{#time: d/m/Y }} color:udf text:"Philippe" fontsize:10

}}

See also

  • History of France
  • Politics of France
  • Chief Minister of France
  • List of Foreign Ministers of France
  • President of the French Republic

External links

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20030424225704/http://www.premier-ministre.gouv.fr/fr/p.cfm?ref=15274 List on the website of the French Prime Minister] (in French)
{{Heads of government of France}}{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Prime Ministers Of France}}

3 : Lists of government ministers of France|Prime Ministers of France|Lists of prime ministers
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