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词条 List of rivers of Europe
释义

  1. Scope

  2. Caveats

  3. Rivers of Europe

  4. Notes

  5. References

  6. See also

This page lists the principal rivers of Europe with their main attributes.

Scope

The border of Europe and Asia is here defined as from the Kara Sea over the Ural Mountains and Ural River to the Caspian Sea. While the crest of the Caucasus Mountains is the geographical border with Asia in the south, Georgia, and to a lesser extended Armenia and Azerbaijan, are politically and culturally often associated with Europe; rivers in these countries are therefore included.

The list is at the outset limited to those rivers that are at least 250 km long from the most distant source, have a drainage basin (catchment area, watershed) of at least 10,000 km², or have a mean discharge (volume, flow) of at least 150 m3/s. Also included are a number of rivers (currently 47) that do not meet these criteria, but are very well-known and/or nearly make the mark. Examples of these are the Arno, Ruhr, Saar, and River Clyde. See the lists of rivers for individual countries linked to at the bottom of the page for smaller rivers.

The rivers are ordered from those flowing to the extreme northeast into the Arctic Ocean, following the coastline anticlockwise all the way to the southeastern coast of the Black Sea. Iceland and the British Islands are included via virtual connections with northern Norway and across the Strait of Dover and the North Channel, respectively. Finally, rivers draining into the Caspian Sea are listed from Azerbaijan to the Ural River.

The table can be sorted over each column. The first three columns give a ranking for (maximum) length, area and volume of those rivers flowing into the sea or an endorheic lake down to the cut-off values. No ranking of tributaries is attempted, as the concept is too contentious; for example, hydrologically the middle and upper Volga could be considered a tributary of the Kama, in which case it would be the fifth or sixth longest river in Europe. Instead it doesn’t appear in the table at all.

Caveats

The provided measurements are drawn from sources deemed most reliable, but still are often uncertain, especially when other sources disagree wildly. For example, the Siret in Romania and Ukraine is 726 km with a basin of 44,000 km2 according to the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 647 km (44,811 km2) according to a Romanian management plan for the Siret basin [1] and 559 km (47,610 km2) according to the extensive transboundary rivers study by the Economic Commission for Europe.[2]

Length estimates for rivers depend on a number of variables. 1) The estimate will be larger when the river’s curves are traced at a smaller scale. 2) The choice of the source obviously has an impact. Here we attempt to list the most distant source. When that involves a tributary nearer the mouth of the river, the length of the nominal river is listed as well, if it meets the above criteria. 3) Rivers flowing into estuaries have an arbitrary end. Its channel through an estuary is usually included in the length when it is exposed at low tide. 4) The length of a watercourse through a reservoir or lake is open for interpretation. For this table, when a source for the total length of a river system involving lakes is lacking, the shortest courses through the lakes is used. 5) Over time, a river’s length can change (usually decrease) through canalization, the creation of reservoirs, and natural changes in the water course.

The catchment areas are more consistent between sources. However, in low relief the watershed is less obvious, while underground connections (especially in karst systems) further complicate area measurements. Unless excellent sources are available, the areas below 70° latitude are taken from the HydroBASINS project.[3] The River Networks and [https://rsis.ramsar.org Ramsar Sites Information Service] websites provide convenient interfaces to assess the accuracy of many of the basins. Areas for rivers above 70° are warned and found to be less reliable.

The listed multiyear mean discharges are even less reliable than the lengths. Underestimates are most common, as the gauging stations are often far above the mouth, so that only a fraction of the drainage basin is represented. On the other hand, the highest volume of a river may not be at the mouth due to water loss by human usage, diversion (e.g. through distributaries), evaporation, or underground drainage.

Rivers of Europe

Arctic OceanAtlantic OceanNorth SeaBaltic SeaMediterranean SeaBlack SeaCaspian Sea
Europe's largest rivers ( over 100 km long, > 10,000 km² watershed, or > 150 m3/s mean discharge)
º
Rank (of fleuves)River or river systemLength
(km)		Basin
(km²)		Flow
(m³/s)		River mouthCountries
[4]		NotesRefs
LengthAreaFlow
9482+Kara ← Bolshoy Kara28913400? Kara Sea near Ust-Karsk RUS}} [5] [6]
8686+{{illm|Korotaikha|de|Korotaicha|it|Korotaicha|ru|Коротаиха}} ← Syadej-Yu31012700? Pechora Sea RUS}} [7] [8]
663Pechora18093220004380 Pechora Sea near Naryan-Mar RUS}} [9][10]
***-Sula 353 10400 92 Pechora RUS}} [11]
***-{{illm|Shapkina River|lt=Shapkina|de|Schapkina|ru|Шапкина (река)}} ← {{illm|Lekeyyu|ru|Лекейю}} 506 6570 582 Pechora RUS}} [12]
***-Tsilma 374 21500 228 Pechora RUS}} [13]
***-Pizhma 389 5470 55 Pechora RUS}} [14]
***-Izhma 531 31000 317 Pechora near Ust-Izhma RUS}} [15][16]
***-{{illm|Laya River|lt=Laya|de|Laja (Petschora)|no|Laja|ru|Лая (приток Печоры)}} 332 9530 50 Pechora RUS}} [17]
***-Usa 565 93600 1310 Pechora near Usinsk RUS}} [18]
***--Kolva 546 18100 165 Usa near Usinsk RUS}} [19]
***--Adzva 334 10600 110 Usa RUS}} [20]
***--{{illm|Kosyu River|lt=Kosyu|de|Kossju|nl|Kosjoe|ru|Косью}} 259 14800 122 Usa RUS}} [21]
***--{{illm|Bolshaya Rogovaya|de|Bolschaja Rogowaja|no|Bolsjaja Rogovaja|ru| Большая Роговая}} 311 7290 ? Usa RUS}} [22]
***-Shchugor 300 9660 252 Pechora RUS}} [23]
***-Ilych 411 16000 177 Pechora RUS}} [24]
182012Mezen96678000890 White Sea (Mezen Bay) near Mezen RUS}} [25][26]
***-Pyoza 363 15100 123 Mezen RUS}} [26][27]
***-Vashka 605 20500 184 Mezen RUS}} [28]
7860+Kuloy ← Sotka3501900017 White Sea near Dolgoshchelye RUS}} [30] [29]
754Northern Dvina ← Vychegda18033570523330 Dvina Bay in Severodvinsk RUS}} [30] [31][26]
...Northern Dvina ← Sukhona ← Lake Kubenskoye ← Kubena16853570523330 Dvina Bay in Severodvinsk RUS}} [32] [31][26]
***-Pinega 779 42600 430 Northern Dvina in Ust-Pinega RUS}} [33]
***--Yula 250 5290 49 Pinega RUS}} [34]
***-Yemtsa ← Mekhrenga 299 14100 70 Northern Dvina near Bolshaya Gora RUS}} [35] [36]
***-Vaga ← Ustya 736 44800 384 Northern Dvina near Bereznik RUS}} [37] [38]
...-Vaga 575 44800 384 Northern Dvina near Bereznik RUS}} [39]
***--Ustya 477 17500 92 Vaga RUS}} [40]
***---Kokshenga 251 5670 36 Ustya RUS}} [41]
***-Vychegda 1130 121000 1160 Northern Dvina in Kotlas RUS}} [42]
***--Viled 321 5610 43 Vychegda near Koryazhma RUS}} [43]
***--Yarenga 281 5140 49 Vychegda RUS}} [44]
***--Vym 499 25600 260 Vychegda near Ust-Vym RUS}} [45]
***---{{illm|Yolva River|lt=Yolva|de|Jolwa}} 255 3440 31 Vym RUS}} [46][47]
***--Sysola 487 17200 105 Vychegda in Syktyvkar RUS}} [48][49]
***--{{illm|Lokchim River|lt=Lokchim|de|Loktschim|ru|Локчим}} 272 6600 52 Vychegda RUS}} [50]
***--Vishera 247 8780 79 Vychegda RUS}} [51]
***--{{illm|Nem River|lt=Nem|de|Nem|ru|Нем}} 260 4230 37 Vychegda RUS}} [52]
***-Lower Yug ← Luza 609 35600 290 Northern Dvina in Veliki Ustyug RUS}} [53] [54]
...-Yug 574 35600 290 Northern Dvina in Veliki Ustyug RUS}} [55][56]
***--Luza 574 18300 132 Yug RUS}} [57]
***-Sukhona ← Lake Kubenskoye ← Kubena 941 50300 438 Northern Dvina in Veliki Ustyug RUS}} [58] [59]
332828Onega ← Lake Lacha ← Svid ← Lake Vozhe ← Vozhega68056900492 Onega Bay at Onega town RUS}} [60] [61][62]
...Onega41656900492 Onega Bay at Onega town RUS}} [63]
***-Voloshka 260 7100 72 Onega RUS}} [64]
554558Lower Vyg ← Lake Vygozero ← {{illm|Segezha River (Republic of Karelia)|lt=Segezha|de|Segescha (Fluss)|ru|Сегежа (река, впадает в Выгозеро)}}-system43627100267 White Sea near Belomorsk RUS}} [65] [66][67]
...Vyg ← {{illm|Umba (Vyg)|lt=Umba|ru|Умба (приток Выга)}}31527100267 White Sea near Belomorsk RUS}} [68] [69]
***-{{illm|Segezha River (Leningrad Oblast)|lt=Segezha|de|Segescha (Fluss)|ru|Сегежа (река, впадает в Выгозеро)}} ← Lake Segozero ← {{illm|Vuoloma|de|Woloma|ru|Волома (река)}} ← {{illm|Talviesdegi|ru|Талвиесдеги}} 329 9140 74 Lake Vygozero near Segezha RUS}} [70] [71]
594455Kem ← {{illm|Čirka-Kem|de|Tschirka-Kem|ru|Чирко-Кемь}}42227700279 White Sea near Kem RUS}} [72] [73]
...Kem ← Kuyto Lakes ← {{illm|Pistojoki|lt=Pista/Pistojoki|defiПиста}39927700279 White Sea near Kem RUS}} {{flagicon|FIN}} [74] [75]
824956Kovda ← Lake Topozero ← {{illm|Karango|ru|Каранго (река)}}32526100276 Kandalaksha Gulf RUS}} {{flagicon|FIN}}group=note|River Kovda, flowing through many large lakes, has a given length of 233 km.[81] Kovda drains Lake Topozero from the northwest; at the very southeast of the lake, 76 and 79 km via a straight course, the small rivers Karango (16 km) and Kondoya (13 km) run in the lake and form the most distant sources of the river Kovda.}} [76][77]
+8583Niva3612830164 Kandalaksha Gulf near Kandalaksha RUS}} [78] [79]
104++Varzuga254984079 White Sea RUS}} [80]
587481Ponoy42615500167 White Sea RUS}} [81][82]
10598+Voronya ← Lake Lovozero ← {{illm|Kurga River|ru|Курга (река, впадает в Ловозеро)}}2519940114 Barents Sea RUS}} [83] [84]
845861Tuloma ← Lake Notozero ← Lutto32021140241 Barents Sea near Murmansk RUS}} {{flagicon|FIN}} [85] [86][2]
736286Paatsjoki ← Lake Inari ← Ivalo36018403157 Barents Sea near Kirkenes NOR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} {{flagicon|FIN}} [87][88]
707273Tana/Deatnu ← Karasjohka36616386197 Barents Sea near Tana Bru NOR}} {{flagicon|FIN}} [89] [2]
++74Jökulsá á Fjöllum2067750183 Arctic Ocean ISL}} [90]
++32Ölfusá ← Hvítá1856100440 Atlantic Ocean near Selfoss ISL}} [90][88]
++39Þjórsá2307530390 Atlantic Ocean ISL}} [90][88]
++65Kúðafljót1152400230 Atlantic Ocean ISL}} [90]
++71Jökulsá á Dal1503700205 Atlantic Ocean ISL}} [91] [90]
+++Altaelva2408693101 Norwegian Sea in Alta NOR}}
++78Målselva ← Rostaelva1456144171 Norwegian Sea in Målselv NOR}}
++70Vefsna1614122207 Norwegian Sea in Mosjøen NOR}}
++53Namsen2296298285 Norwegian Sea in Namsos NOR}}
++90Otra2453740150 North Sea in Kristiansand NOR}}
999359Skien ← Norsjø ← Saua ← Heddalsvatnet ← Tinne - etc. system27310815263 Skagerrak near Porsgrunn NOR}}
76++Numedalslågen3565554111 Skagerrak in Larvik NOR}}
896649Drammenselva ← Tyrifjorden ← Storelva-Ådalselva-Sperillen ← Begna ← Otrøelva31017113314 Skagerrak in Drammen NOR}}
383715Glomma/Glama61942441709 Skagerrak in Fredrikstad NOR}} [2][88]
***-Vorma ← Mjøsa ← Gudbrandsdalslågen 358 17412 330 Glomma at Årnes NOR}}
293424Göta älv ← Vänern ← Klarälven system75650229554 Kattegat in Gothenburg SWE}} {{flagicon|NOR}} [92][88]
***-Klarälven ← Trysilelva ← Femundelva ← Rogen 460 11820 165 Vänern near Karlstad SWE}} {{flagicon|NOR}} [93]
+++Ätran243334253 Kattegat in Falkenberg SWE}}
+++Lagan232645282 Kattegat near Laholm SWE}}
9675+Motala ström ← Vättern ← Huskvarnaån system28515481100 Baltic Sea in Norrköping SWE}} [92]
915482Norrström ← Mälaren ← Kolbäcksån system30722650166 Baltic Sea in Stockholm SWE}} [92]
434347Dalälven ← Österdalälven54228954353 Bothnian Sea near Gävle SWE}} {{flagicon|NOR}} [94][88]
***-Västerdalälven ← Fulan 315 8642 124 Dalälven in Djurås SWE}} [94]
525966Ljusnan44319828226 Bothnian Sea in Söderhamn SWE}} [94]
6484+Ljungan39912851135 Bothnian Sea near Sundsvall SWE}} [94]
574830Indalsälven43026726448 Bothnian Sea near Sundsvall SWE}} [94][88]
484229Ångerman46331864481 Bothnian Sea near Kramfors SWE}} [94][88]
***-Faxälven 399 9037 152 Ångerman near Sollefteå SWE}} [94]
***-{{illm|Fjällsjöälven|desvФ'єлльшеельвен} 263 8432 139 Ångerman near Näsåker SWE}} [94]
474733Umeälven46726815435 Bothnian Sea in Umeå SWE}} [94][88]
***-Vindelälven 453 12654 188 Umeälven near Umeå SWE}} [94]
538986Skellefteälven44011731157 Bothnian Bay in Skellefteå SWE}} [94]
639289Piteälven40211285156 Bothnian Bay in Piteå SWE}} [94]
495026Luleälven46125240500 Bothnian Bay in Luleå SWE}} [94][88]
***-Lesser Lule 238 9678 180 Luleälven near Vuollerim SWE}} [94]
496352Kalixälven46118130289 Bothnian Bay in Kalix SWE}} [94]
403834Torne ← Torneträsk ← Abiskojokk ← Válfojohka56540157430 Bothnian Bay in Tornio SWE}} {{flagicon|FIN}} {{flagicon|NOR}} [95] [94][2][2]
***-Muonio ← Könkämäeno ← Kilpisjärvi 350 14430 162 Torne near Pajala SWE}} {{flagicon|FIN}} {{flagicon|NOR}} [96] [94]
***-Lainioälven ← Rostoeatnu ← Rostojávri ← Ohmátjohka 290 6002 70 Torne near Junosuando SWE}} {{flagicon|NOR}} [97] [94]
423325Kemijoki55251127553 Bothnian Bay in Kemi FIN}} [2][88]
***-Ounasjoki 300 13968 140 Kemijoki in Rovaniemi FIN}} [98]
***-Kitinen 278 11214 ? Kemijoki near Pelkosenniemi FIN}}
867876Iijoki31014191174 Bothnian Bay in Ii FIN}} [99]
605360Oulujoki ← Oulujärvi ← Hyrynsalmi system42022841262 Bothnian Bay in Oulu FIN}} [100] [2]
+4663Kokemäenjoki15027046238 Bothnian Sea in Pori FIN}} [101]
413954Kymi ← Lake Päijänne ←←← Koivujärvi sources55437159282 Gulf of Finland in Kotka FIN}} [102]
1575Neva ← Lake Ladoga ← Volkhov-system10102810002490 Gulf of Finland in Saint Petersburg RUS}} [103] [104][88]
...Neva742810002490 Gulf of Finland in Saint Petersburg RUS}} [104][88]
***-Vuoksi ← Saimaa ← Pielisjoki-system 806 68501 584 Lake Ladoga at Solovyovo and at Priozersk RUS}} {{flagicon|FIN}} [105] [106][2]
***--Pielisjoki ← Pielinen ← Lieksanjoki ←← {{illm|Murdoyoki|ru|Мурдойоки}} 390 20000 240 Lake Saimaa in Joensuu FIN}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [107]
***-Svir ← Lake Onega ← Vodla-system 678 88200 790 Lake Ladoga near Lodeynoye Pole RUS}} [108] [109]
***--Oyat 266 5220 52 Svir near Lodeynoye Pole RUS}} [110]
***--Shuya 194 10100 130 Lake Onega near Petrozavodsk RUS}} [111]
***--Suna 280 7670 66 Lake Onega near Kondopoga RUS}} [112]
***--Vodla ← Lake Vodlozero ← Ileksa ← {{illm|Olova|ru|Олова (приток Илексы)}} 358 13700 130 Lake Onega near Pudozh RUS}} [113] [114]
***-Syas 260 7330 53 Lake Ladoga in Syasstroy RUS}} [115]
***-Volkhov ← Lake Ilmen ← Msta-system 844 80200 580 Lake Ladoga near Volkhov RUS}} [116] [117]
***--Msta ← Lake Mstino ← Tsna 620 23300 202 Lake Ilmen near Velikiy Novgorod RUS}} [118] [119]
***--Pola 267 7420 63 Lake Ilmen near Staraya Russa RUS}} [120]
***--Lovat 530 21900 105 Lake Ilmen near Staraya Russa RUS}} {{flagicon|BLR}} [121]
***--Shelon 248 9710 44 Lake Ilmen near Shimsk RUS}} [122]
6783+Luga ← Oredezh3831336493 Gulf of Finland in Ust-Luga RUS}} [123] [124]
...Luga3531336493 Gulf of Finland in Ust-Luga RUS}} [125]
352937Narva ← Lake Peipus ← Velikaya64756229400 Gulf of Finland near Narva EST}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [2]
...Narva7756229400 Gulf of Finland near Narva EST}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [2]
***-Plyussa 281 6963 50 Narva near Narva RUS}} [126]
***-Velikaya 430 25153 134 Lake Peipus near Pskov RUS}} [127]
***-Emajõgi ← Võrtsjärv ← Väike Emajõgi 218 10039 70 Lake Peipus EST}} [128] [129]
+++Pärnu144688764 Gulf of Riga in Pärnu EST}} [130]
51++Gauja452916171 Gulf of Riga near Riga LAT}} {{flagicon|EST}} [2]
141819Daugava/Western Dvina102085613640 Gulf of Riga near Riga LAT}} {{flagicon|BLR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [88]
***-Aiviekste ← Pededze 254 9135 57 Daugava near Pļaviņas LAT}} {{flagicon|EST}} [131] [132]
***-Mezha 259 9525 61 Daugava near Doroshkino RUS}}
8665+Lielupe ← Mēmele/Nemunelis31017504106 Gulf of Riga near Jūrmala LAT}} {{flagicon|LIT}} [2]
7987+Venta3461184398 Baltic Sea in Ventspils LAT}} {{flagicon|LIT}} [2]
221720Neman91492523634 Baltic Sea near Šilutė LIT}} {{flagicon|RUS}} {{flagicon|BLR}} [2]
***-Šešupė 298 6194 34 Neman near Neman LIT}} {{flagicon|RUS}} {{flagicon|POL}}
***-Nevėžis 209 5947 33 Neman near Raudondvaris LIT}}
***-Neris/Viliya 510 25254 182 Neman in Kaunas LIT}} {{flagicon|BLR}}
***--Šventoji 246 6804 56 Neris in Jonava LIT}}
***-Shchara River 325 6724 31 Neman BLR}}
8079+Pregolya ← Lava/Łyna3361411790 Baltic Sea near Kaliningrad RUS}} {{flagicon|POL}} [133] [134]
...Pregolya ← Angrapa ← Gołdapa3101411790 Baltic Sea near Kaliningrad RUS}} {{flagicon|POL}} [135] [136]
***-Łyna/Alna/Lava 264 7020 40 Pregolya in Znamensk RUS}} {{flagicon|POL}} [137] [138][139]
12910Vistula ← Bugonarew ← Western Bug12111926321080 Baltic Sea near Gdańsk POL}} {{flagicon|BLR}} {{flagicon|UKR}} [140] [141][2][88]
...Vistula10471926321080 Baltic Sea near Gdańsk POL}} [142] [141][2][88]
***-Bugonarew ← Western Bug 810 74714 328 Vistula in Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki POL}} {{flagicon|BLR}} {{flagicon|UKR}} [143]
***--Wkra 249 5322 20 Bugonarew near Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki POL}} [144]
***--Narew 446 28645 146 Bugonarew near Serock POL}} [145] [146]
***--Western Bug 772 38676 158 Bugonarew near Serock POL}} {{flagicon|BLR}} {{flagicon|UKR}} [147]
***-Pilica 319 9138 46 Vistula near Warka POL}} [148]
***-Wieprz 303 10256 43 Vistula in Dęblin POL}} [149]
***-San 443 16769 126 Vistula near Sandomierz POL}} {{flagicon|UKR}} [150]
***-Dunajec 247 6802 85 Vistula in Opatowiec POL}} {{flagicon|SVK}} [151][2]
131322Oder ← Warta1045118791574 Baltic Sea in Świnoujście GER}} {{flagicon|POL}} [152] [153][2]
...Oder854118791574 Baltic Sea in Świnoujście GER}} {{flagicon|POL}} {{flagicon|CZE}} [154] [2][88]
***-Warta 808 55538 195 Oder in Kostrzyn nad Odrą POL}} [153]
***--Noteć 388 17159 76 Warta in Santok POL}} [155]
***-Lusatian Neisse 255 4403 31 Oder in Neißemünde GER}} {{flagicon|POL}} {{flagicon|CZE}} [156]
***-Bóbr 272 5943 39 Oder in Krosno Odrzańskie POL}} {{flagicon|CZE}} [157]
101214Elbe ← Vltava1245148268860 Wadden Sea near Cuxhaven GER}} {{flagicon|CZE}} [158] [159][2]
...Elbe1094148268860 Wadden Sea near Cuxhaven GER}} {{flagicon|CZE}} [160] [161][2]
***-Havel ← Spree 560 24096 103 Elbe near Havelberg GER}} [162] [161]
...-Havel 334 24096 103 Elbe near Havelberg GER}} [161]
***--Spree 382 10110 35 Havel in Berlin-Spandau GER}} [161]
***-Saale 413 24167 117 Elbe in Barby GER}} [161]
***--White Elster 257 5154 26 Saale near Halle (Saale) GER}} {{flagicon|CZE}} [161]
***-Mulde ← Zwickau Mulde 290 7400 75 Elbe in Dessau GER}} [163] [161]
***-Ohře / Eger 316 5588 38 Elbe in Litoměřice CZE}} {{flagicon|GER}} [161]
***-Vltava - Teplá Vltava 431 28101 154 Elbe in Mělník CZE}} [164] [161]
303544Weser ← Werra75146259365 Wadden Sea near Bremerhaven GER}} [165] [166][167]
***-Aller ← Leine 346 15721 120 Weser near Verden GER}} [168] [166]
...-Aller 260 15721 120 Weser near Verden GER}} 211? [166]
***--Leine 278 6517 62 Aller near Schwarmstedt GER}} [166]
***-Fulda 220 6947 67 Weser in Hannoversch Münden GER}} [166]
***-Werra 300 5497 50 Weser in Hannoversch Münden GER}} [166]
6964+Ems3711780289 Wadden Sea near Delfzijl GER}} {{flagicon|NED}} [169] [167][2]
+++Zwarte Water ← Vecht/Vechte201574150 IJsselmeer near Genemuiden NED}} {{flagicon|GER}} [170] [171]
++41IJssel ← Oude IJssel1884533380 IJsselmeer near Kampen NED}} {{flagicon|GER}} [172] [173][174]
11116Rhine12331852632315 North Sea at Hoek van Holland NED}} {{flagicon|GER}} {{flagicon|FRA}}
{{flagicon|SWI}} {{flagicon|AUT}} {{flagicon|LIE}}		 [175]
***-Waal 82 ? 1500 Rhine delta in Gorinchem NED}} [260]
***-Lek 62 ? 429 Rhine delta at Kinderdijk NED}} [176]
***-Lippe ← Alme 268 4882 46 Rhine in Wesel GER}} [177] [171]
***-Ruhr ← Neger ← Renau 227 4485 82 Rhine in Duisburg GER}} [178] [171]
***-Moselle ← Moselotte 549 28153 320 Rhine in Koblenz GER}} {{flagicon|LUX}} {{flagicon|FRA}} [179] [180][2]
***--Saar 235 7431 78 Moselle near Konz GER}} {{flagicon|FRA}} [180]
***--Sauer 173 4259 41 Moselle in Wasserbillig LUX}} {{flagicon|GER}} {{flagicon|BEL}} [180]
***-Lahn ← Ohm ← Felda 251 5925 51 Rhine in Lahnstein GER}} [181] [171]
***-Main ← Regnitz system 583 27208 211 Rhine in Mainz GER}} [182] [274]
...-Main 525 27208 211 Rhine in Mainz GER}} [183] [184]
***--Regnitz ← Pegnitz ← Fichtenohe 191 7521 57 Main in Bamberg GER}} [185] [184]
***-Neckar ← Eschach 380 13934 136 Rhine in Mannheim GER}} [186]
***-Ill 217 4760 54 Rhine near Strasbourg FRA}} [187]
***-Aare 288 17684 559 Rhine in Koblenz SWI}} [188]
***--Limmat ← Lake Zurich ← Linth 140 2417 101 Aare in Brugg SWI}} [188]
***--Reuss 164 3443 140 Aare in Brugg SWI}} [188]
204046Meuse/Maas95034364357 North Sea near Hellevoetsluis NED}} {{flagicon|BEL}} {{flagicon|FRA}} [189] [190][2]
***-Ourthe 181 3624 55 Meuse in Liège BEL}}
***-Sambre 193 2856 29 Meuse in Namur BEL}} {{flagicon|FRA}}
7356+Scheldt36021683129 North Sea near Flushing NED}} {{flagicon|BEL}} {{flagicon|FRA}} [191] [192][193][167]
***-Leie/Lys 202 4305 28 Scheldt in Ghent BEL}} {{flagicon|FRA}} [192]
7377+Thames ← Churn3601429266 North Sea near Southend-on-Sea UK}} [194] [195]
+++Great Ouse230817239 North Sea in King's Lynn UK}} [196]
9296+Trent29810435100 Humber Estuary near Scunthorpe UK}} [197] [198]
+94+Ouse ← Ure20810704145 Humber Estuary near Scunthorpe UK}} [199] [200]
+++Tyne ← North Tyne118293645 North Sea at South Shields UK}}
+++Tweed156498890 North Sea in Berwick-upon-Tweed UK}} [201][202]
++67Tay1936019220 North Sea near Dundee UK}} [203] [204]
+++Spey173294466 North Sea near Elgin UK}} [205]
+++Clyde176304583 North Channel near Glasgow UK}} [206]
+++Lower Bann ← Lough Neagh ← Ulster Blackwater186577592 North Channel in Coleraine UK}} {{flagicon|IRL}} [167]
1018869Shannon25811773208 Shannon Estuary near Limerick IRL}} [207] [167]
++86The Three Sisters1929207157 Celtic Sea near Waterford IRL}} [208] [209][167]
+++Mersey ← Tame160431266 Irish Sea near Liverpool UK}} [210] [211]
+++Wye215413680 Severn Estuary near Chepstow UK}} [212]
7791+Severn35411420120 Bristol Channel near Weston-super-Mare UK}} [213]
+++Somme245654837 English Channel near Abbeville FRA}} [167][192]
262123Seine ← Marne87575374560 English Channel in Le Havre FRA}} [214] [215]
...Seine77775374560 English Channel in Le Havre FRA}}group=note|Seine's catchment area (75,374 km2)[215] excludes the Crique de Rouen estuary; this would add another ~2800 km2, including the Risle river basin}}} [215]
***-Eure 229 6017 26 Seine in Pont-de-l'Arche FRA}} [216]
***-Oise ← Aisne ← Aire 454 16783 110 Seine in Conflans-Sainte-Honorine FRA}} [217]
...-Oise 341 16783 110 Seine in Conflans-Sainte-Honorine FRA}} {{flagicon|BEL}} [218]
***--Aisne 356 7939 65 Oise in Compiègne FRA}} [219]
***-Marne 514 12783 110 Seine in Ivry-sur-Seine FRA}} [220]
***-Yonne 292 10836 93 Seine in Montereau-Fault-Yonne FRA}} [221]
***-Aube 249 4595 41 Seine near Romilly-sur-Seine FRA}} [222]
+95+Vilaine2181045972 Bay of Biscay in Pénestin FRA}} [223]
171413Loire1006117356889 Bay of Biscay in Saint-Nazaire FRA}} [224][225]
***-Maine ← Sarthe ← Loir 338 22240 127 Loire near Angers FRA}} [226] [227]
***--Mayenne 202 5844 50 Maine near Angers FRA}} [228]
***--Sarthe 314 16250 82 Maine near Angers FRA}} [229]
***---Loir 317 8294 32 Sarthe near Angers FRA}} [230]
***-Vienne 363 21161 210 Loire in Candes-Saint-Martin FRA}} [231]
***--Creuse 264 10279 85 Vienne near Châtellerault FRA}} [232]
***-Indre 279 3428 19 Loire near Candes-Saint-Martin FRA}} [233]
***-Cher 368 13718 96 Loire in Villandry FRA}} [234]
***-Allier 421 14350 144 Loire near Nevers FRA}} [235][236]
6899+Charente381985549 Bay of Biscay near Rochefort FRA}} [237]
465241Dordogne48323957380 Gironde estuary near Bordeaux FRA}} [238]
***-Isle 255 7558 63 Dordogne in Libourne FRA}} [239]
***-Vézère 211 3715 58 Dordogne near Le Bugue FRA}} [240]
393017Garonne ← Tarn61055846650 Gironde estuary near Bordeaux FRA}} [241] [242]
...Garonne57555846650 Gironde estuary near Bordeaux FRA}} {{flagicon|ESP}} [243] [242]
***-Lot 485 11538 155 Garonne near Aiguillon FRA}} [244]
***-Tarn 380 15586 233 Garonne near Castelsarrasin FRA}} [245]
***--Aveyron 291 5176 57 Tarn near Montauban FRA}} [246]
***-Ariège 163 4135 76 Garonne in Toulouse FRA}} [247]
896745Adour30816912360 Bay of Biscay in Bayonne FRA}} [248][88]
***-Gaves réunis ← Gave de Pau 193 5464 82 Adour near Peyrehorade FRA}} [249]
717048Minho ← Sil36116651340 Atlantic Ocean near Caminha POR}} {{flagicon|ESP}} [250] [2]
...Minho30916651340 Atlantic Ocean near Caminha POR}} {{flagicon|ESP}} [2]
***-Sil 226 7969 100 Minho near Ourense ESP}}
251617Douro89797290650 Atlantic Ocean in Porto POR}} {{flagicon|ESP}} [2][88]
***-Tormes 247 7054 42 Bemposta (Mogadouro)|lt=Bemposta|de} / VillarinoESP}}
***-Esla 275 16018 182 Douro near Muelas del Pan ESP}}
***-Pisuerga 276 15665 82 Douro near Valladolid ESP}}
+++Mondego2346656108 Atlantic Ocean in Figueira da Foz POR}}
162426Tagus100770756500 Atlantic Ocean near Lisbon POR}} {{flagicon|ESP}} [251] [252][2][88]
***-Jarama 194 11532 32 Tagus in Aranjuez ESP}}
+++Sado180618640 Atlantic Ocean in Setúbal POR}}
2125+Guadiana (← Cigüela) ← Záncara9226702779 Gulf of Cadiz near Ayamonte POR}} {{flagicon|ESP}} [253] [254][2]
...Guadiana ← {{illm|Guadiana Alto|es|Guadiana Viejo}}.8526702779 Gulf of Cadiz near Ayamonte POR}} {{flagicon|ESP}} [255] [254][2]
312783Guadalquivir ← {{illm|Guadiana Menor|es}} ← {{illm|Guardal|es|Río Guardal|fr|}}72257053164 Gulf of Cadiz in Sanlúcar de Barrameda ESP}} [256] [257]
***-Genil 358 8257 9.3 Guadalquivir in Palma del Río ESP}}
8271+Segura3251659926 Mediterranean Sea in Guardamar del Segura ESP}}
4557+Júcar4982143049 Balearic Sea in Cullera ESP}}
98++Turia280667414 Balearic Sea in Valencia ESP}}
231921Ebro91084763577 Balearic Sea near Tortosa ESP}} [88]
***-Segre 265 22719 100 Ebro in Mequinenza ESP}}
***--Cinca 170 9720 82 Segre near Mequinenza ESP}}
***-Jalón ← Jiloca 224 9658 21 Ebro near Torres de Berrellén ESP}}
***-Aragón 195 8529 41 Ebro near Tudela ESP}}
+++Llobregat170494821 Balearic Sea near Barcelona ESP}}
+++Aude224532744 Gulf of Lion near Narbonne FRA}} [258]
19157Rhône ← Saône ← Doubs957981311900 Gulf of Lion in Port-Saint-Louis-du-Rhône FRA}} {{flagicon|SWI}} [259] [260][88]
...Rhône812981311900 Gulf of Lion in Port-Saint-Louis-du-Rhône FRA}} {{flagicon|SWI}} [261][88]
***-Durance 323 14342 180 Rhône in Avignon FRA}} [262]
***-Isère 286 11890 333 Rhône near Valence FRA}} [263]
***-Saône 480 29321 473 Rhône in Lyon FRA}} [264]
***--Doubs 453 7874 176 Saône in Verdun-sur-le-Doubs FRA}} {{flagicon|SWI}} [265]
***-Ain 190 3765 123 Rhône near Pont-de-Chéruy FRA}} [266]
+++Arno2418852110 Ligurian Sea near Pisa ITA}} [267]
626962Tiber40516668239 Tyrrhenian Sea in Ostia ITA}}
***-Nera 116 4163 168 Tiber near Orte ITA}}
+++Garigliano ← Liri1584059120 Tyrrhenian Sea near Minturno ITA}}
+++Volturno175578482 Tyrrhenian Sea in Castel Volturno ITA}}
+++Reno212561595 Adriatic Sea near Comacchio ITA}}
32229Po ← Tanaro702737461460 Adriatic Sea near Porto Tolle ITA}} [268] [88]
...Po652737461460 Adriatic Sea near Porto Tolle ITA}} [269][88]
***-Mincio ← Lake Garda ← Sarca 203 2977 60 Po near Mantua ITA}}
***-Oglio ← Lake Iseo ← Oglio 280 6598 130 Po near Mantua ITA}}
***-Adda ← Lake Como ← Adda 313 7842 187 Po in Cremona ITA}}
***-Ticino ← Lake Maggiore ← Ticino 248 8061 348 Po in Pavia ITA}} {{flagicon|SWI}}
***-Tanaro ← {{illm|Negrone|it|Negrone (torrente)}} 285 8182 116 Po near Alessandria ITA}} [270]
***-Dora Baltea 168 3921 96 Po in Crescentino ITA}}
++68Tartaro-Canalbianco-Po di Levante1472885218 Adriatic Sea near Porto Viro ITA}}
557664Adige ← Eisack ← Rienz ← Ahr43614543235 Adriatic Sea near Chioggia ITA}} [271] [272]
...Adige ← Etsch ← Karlinbach42114543235 Adriatic Sea near Chioggia ITA}} [273] [272]
+++Brenta174481193 Adriatic Sea near Chioggia ITA}}
+++Piave2314420137 Adriatic Sea near Venice ITA}}
+++Tagliamento170293992 Adriatic Sea near Lignano ITA}}
++77Isonzo/Soča1383327173 Adriatic Sea near Monfalcone ITA}} {{flagicon|SVN}} [2]
+9743Neretva24010380378 Adriatic Sea near Ploče CRO}} {{flagicon|BIH}} [2][88]
***-Trebišnjica 187 4926 114 Neretva in Neum BIH}} [274]
666116Bojana/Buna ← Drin38418620 672 Adriatic Sea near Ulcinj ALB}} {{flagicon|MNE}} {{flagicon|KOS}}
{{flagicon|MKD}}		 [275] [276]
***-Drin ← Black Drin ← Sateska 343 14351 352 Bojana near Lezhë ALB}} {{flagicon|MKD}} [277] [2]
***--White Drin 136 5005 66 Drin in Kukës ALB}} {{flagicon|KOS}} [2]
***-Morača 100 2820 156 Lake Skadar (Bojana) near Žabljak Crnojevića MNE}} [278]
+++Shkumbin181292262 Adriatic Sea near Lushnjë ALB}} [276]
97++Seman ← Devoll281612496 Adriatic Sea near Fier ALB}} [276]
100+72Aoös/Vjosë2726777204 Adriatic Sea near Vlorë ALB}} {{flagicon|GRE}} [2]
+++Achelous2205662137 Ionian Sea near Astakos GRE}}
+++Pineios (Thessaly)216930181 Aegean Sea near Larissa GRE}}
93++Haliacmon297866480 Aegean Sea near Thessaloniki GRE}}
655179Vardar/Axios ← Treska39324503170 Aegean Sea near Thessaloniki GRE}} {{flagicon|MKD}} [279] [2]
...Vardar/Axios38824503170 Aegean Sea near Thessaloniki GRE}} {{flagicon|MKD}} [2]
6168+Struma/Strymon4151680176 Thracian Sea in Amphipolis GRE}} {{flagicon|BUL}} [2]
+++Nestos/Mesta243586445 Thracian Sea near Thasos GRE}} {{flagicon|BUL}} [2]
443140Maritsa/Meriç/Evros51553475383 Thracian Sea near Alexandroupoli GRE}} {{flagicon|TUR}} {{flagicon|BUL}} [2]
***-Ergene 281 11016 28 Maritsa near İpsala TUR}} [280] [2][281][282]
***-Tundzha 380 8583 32 Maritsa in Edirne TUR}} {{flagicon|BUL}}
***-Arda 290 5623 77 Maritsa near Edirne GRE}} {{flagicon|BUL}}
+++Veleka1479959.4 Black Sea near Sinemorets BUL}} {{flagicon|TUR}}
104++Kamchiya ← Luda Kamchiya254537326 Black Sea near Varna BUL}} [283]
222Danube28578014636450 Black Sea near Sulina ROM}} {{flagicon|UKR}} {{flagicon|MDA}}
{{flagicon|BUL}} {{flagicon|SRB}} {{flagicon|CRO}}
{{flagicon|HUN}} {{flagicon|SVK}} {{flagicon|AUT}}
{{flagicon|GER}}		 [284] [2][88]
***-Prut 953 27820 105 Danube at Giurgiulești MDA}} {{flagicon|ROM}} {{flagicon|UKR}} [285] [286][2]
***--Jijia 275 5757 14 Prut near Huși ROM}} {{flagicon|UKR}}
***-Siret 559 45857 240 Danube in Galați ROM}} {{flagicon|UKR}} [287] [2]
***--Buzău 325 5537 29 Siret near Galați ROM}}
***--Bistrița 283 7018 66 Siret near Bacău ROM}}
***-Ialomița 417 11116 40 Danube near Hârșova ROM}}
***-Argeș 350 12652 73 Danube in Oltenița ROM}}
***--Dâmbovița 245 2837 26 Argeș near Budești ROM}} [288] [289]
***-Yantra 285 7897 47 Danube near Svishtov BUL}}
***-Osam 314 2866 16 Danube near Nikopol BUL}}
***-Olt 615 24130 174 Danube near Turnu Măgurele ROM}}
***-Iskar 368 8511 54 Danube near Gigen BUL}}
***-Jiu 339 10157 86 Danube near Bechet ROM}}
***-Great Morava ← West Morava ← Ibar 550 37709 232 Danube near Smederevo SRB}} [290] [2]
***--South Morava 295 15550 100 Great Morava near Kruševac SRB}} {{flagicon|KOS}}
***--West Morava 308 15710 120 Great Morava near Kruševac SRB}}
***---Ibar 276 7914 60 West Morava in Kraljevo SRB}} {{flagicon|KOS}} {{flagicon|MNE}}
***-Timiš/Tamis 359 10495 47 Danube in Pančevo SRB}} {{flagicon|ROM}}
***-Sava ← Sava Dolinka 945 94613 1609 Danube in Belgrade SRB}} {{flagicon|BIH}} {{flagicon|CRO}}
{{flagicon|SVN}}		 [291] [2][292][293]
***--Drina ← Tara 486 19650 370 Sava near Bijeljina BIH}} {{flagicon|SRB}} {{flagicon|MNE}} [294] [295][293]
***---Lim 220 6797 96 Drina near Višegrad BIH}} {{flagicon|SRB}} {{flagicon|MNE}} [296]
***--Bosna 271 10490 174 Sava in Bosanski Šamac BIH}} [2][295]
***--Vrbas 235 6501 132 Sava in Srbac BIH}} [295]
***--Una 214 9657 220 Sava in Jasenovac BIH}} {{flagicon|CRO}} [297] [2][293]
***--Kupa/Kolpa 297 10194 201 Sava in Sisak CRO}} {{flagicon|SVN}} [2]
***-Tisza ← Someş 1111 154073 863 Danube near Titel SRB}} {{flagicon|HUN}} {{flagicon|ROM}}group=note|The 415 km Someș joins the Tisza 696 km before its mouth in the Danube.[2]The average discharge is that measured at Szeged, which is higher than at places downstream.}} [2]
...-Tisza 966 154073 863 Danube near Titel SRB}} {{flagicon|HUN}} {{flagicon|ROM}}
{{flagicon|UKR}}		 [298] [2]
***--Bega 256 6250 13 Tisza near Titel SRB}} {{flagicon|ROM}}
***--Mureș/Maros 789 30190 190 Tisza in Szeged HUN}} {{flagicon|ROM}} [299] [2]
***---Târnava ← Târnava Mare 249 6236 15 Mureș near Teiuș ROM}}
***--Körös ← Crişul Alb 365 27123 100 Tisza near Csongrád HUN}} {{flagicon|ROM}}
***--Sajó / Slaná ← Hornád 314 12870 70 Tisza in Tiszaújváros HUN}} {{flagicon|SVK}} [300]
***---Hernád / Hornád 286 5414 31 Sajó near Miskolc HUN}} {{flagicon|SVK}}
***--Bodrog ← Latorica 255 13579 115 Tisza in Tokaj HUN}} {{flagicon|SVK}} {{flagicon|UKR}} [301] [2]
***--Szamos / Someş 415 16046 132 Tisza near Vásárosnamény HUN}} {{flagicon|ROM}} [2]
***-Drava/Drau ← {{illm|Isel (river)|lt=Isel|de|Isel}} ← {{illm|Schwarzach (Isel)|lt=Schwarzach|deSchwarzach (torrente)} 728 40154 577 Danube near Osijek CRO}} {{flagicon|HUN}} {{flagicon|SVN}}
{{flagicon|AUT}}		 [302] [303]
***--Mur 453 14108 166 Drava near Legrad CRO}} {{flagicon|HUN}} {{flagicon|SVN}}
{{flagicon|AUT}}		 [303][460][293]
***-Sió ← Lake Balaton ← Zala system 330 14890 39 Danube near Szekszárd HUN}} [304]
***-Hron 298 5441 54 Danube near Esztergom SVK}}
***-Váh 398 19484 194 Danube in Komárno SVK}} [2]
***-Rába/Raab 311 10401 80 Danube near Győr HUN}} {{flagicon|AUT}} [305][2]
***-Leitha ← Schwarza 258 2138 8.2 Danube near Mosonmagyaróvár HUN}} {{flagicon|AUT}} [306] [305]
***-Morava ← Thaya ← Austrian Thaya 402 26734 110 Danube in Bratislava-Devin AUT}} {{flagicon|SVK}} {{flagicon|CZE}} [307] [305][2]
...-Morava 352 26734 110 Danube in Bratislava-Devin AUT}} {{flagicon|SVK}} {{flagicon|CZE}} [305][2]
***--Thaya ← Austrian Thaya 311 13419 44 Morava near Hohenau AUT}} {{flagicon|CZE}}group=note|The Austrian a.k.a. German Thaya (76 km) joins the Moravian Thaya (68 km) to form Thaya proper (235 km). The catchment area of 12,772 km2 given in the source[305] accidentally excludes the Kyjovka tributary.}} [305]
***-Enns 254 6084 200 Danube in Enns AUT}} [305]
***-Traun 153 4277 150 Danube in Linz AUT}} [305]
***-Inn ← Aua da Fedoz 522 26053 735 Danube in Passau GER}} {{flagicon|AUT}} {{flagicon|SWI}} [308][2]
***--Salzach ← Krimmler Ache 232 6829 252 Inn in Haiming GER}} {{flagicon|AUT}} [184]
***-Isar ← Leutascher Ache 295 8962 175 Danube near Deggendorf GER}} {{flagicon|AUT}} [309] [184]
***-Lech 264 4125 115 Danube near Donauwörth GER}} {{flagicon|AUT}} [184][2]
***-Iller ← Breitach ← Turabach 170 2147 70 Danube in Ulm GER}} {{flagicon|AUT}} [310] [184]
+++Cogîlnic24353886.5 Black Sea near Tatarbunary UKR}} {{flagicon| MDA}} [2]
92350Dniester/Nistru136273158313 Black Sea near Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi MDA}} {{flagicon|UKR}} [311][2]
***-Răut 286 7761 5.7 Dniester near Dubăsari MDA}}
***-Zbruch 247 3365 7 Dniester near Khotyn UKR}}
272685Southern Bug80663569160 Dnieper-Bug Estuary near Mykolaiv UKR}} [312] [313]
***-Inhul 354 9773 8.8 Southern Buh in Mykolayiv UKR}} [314]
***-{{illm|Synyukha|de|Synjucha}} ← Hnylyi Tikych ← Hirsky Tikych 283 16640 29 Southern Buh in Pervomaisk UKR}} [315][316]
438Dnieper22015098241700 Dnieper-Bug Estuary near Kherson UKR}} {{flagicon|BLR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [2][88]
***-Inhulets 549 14487 0.3? Dnieper near Kropyvnytskyi UKR}} [317]
***-Samara ← Vovcha 421 22734 20 Dnieper near Dnipro UKR}} [318]
...-Samara 320 22734 20 Dnieper near Dnipro UKR}} [319]
***--Vovcha 323 13035 5.3 Samara near Pavlohrad UKR}} [320]
***-Oril 346 10093 13 Dnieper near Dnipro UKR}}
***-Vorskla 452 14511 36 Dnieper near Verkhn'odniprovs'k UKR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [321]
***-Psel 717 22782 55 Dnieper in Kremenchuk UKR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [322]
***--Khorol 308 4039 3.6 Psel UKR}} [323]
***-Sula ← Udai 447 19218 29 Dnieper near Kremenchuk UKR}} [324] [504][325]
...-Sula 363 19218 29 Dnieper near Kremenchuk UKR}} [326]
***--Udai 327 6995 9.4 Sula near Lubny UKR}} [325]
***-Ros 346 12581 27 Dnieper near Kaniv UKR}} [327]
***-Desna 1130 88490 360 Dnieper in Kiev UKR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [328]
***--Snov 253 8265 24 Desna UKR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [329]
***--Seim 748 27895 100 Desna in Sosnytsia UKR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [330]
***-Teteriv 385 15213 18 Dnieper near Chernobyl UKR}} [331]
***-Prypiat ← Horyn 1052 119911 460 Dnieper near Chernobyl UKR}} {{flagicon|BLR}} [332] [2]
...-Prypiat 761 119911 460 Dnieper near Chernobyl UKR}} {{flagicon|BLR}} [333][2]
***--Uzh 256 8129 25 Prypiat near Chernobyl UKR}} [334]
***--Ptsich 421 9516 48 Prypiat near Mazyr BLR}} [335]
***--Ubort 292 5504 23 Prypiat near Pietrykaŭ BLR}} {{flagicon|UKR}} [336]
***--Horyn 659 27065 90 Prypiat near Davyd-Haradok BLR}} {{flagicon|UKR}} [337]
***---Southern Sluch 451 13675 45 Horyn near Novohrad-Volynskyi UKR}} [338]
***--Styr 494 12999 45 Prypiat near Pinsk BLR}} {{flagicon|UKR}} [339]
***-Sozh 648 42199 207 Dnieper in Loyew BLR}} {{flagicon|UKR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [340]
***--Iput 437 10789 83 Sozh near Gomel BLR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [341]
***--Besed 261 5537 28 Sozh BLR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [342]
***--Ostyor 274 3382 21 Sozh near Krychaw BLR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [343]
***-Berezina 613 24895 145 Dnieper near Rechytsa BLR}} [344]
***--Svislach 327 5190 30 Berezina near Asipovichy BLR}}
***-Drut 295 4952 30 Dnieper in Rahachou BLR}} [345]
101++Mius258705912 Sea of Azov near Taganrog RUS}} {{flagicon|UKR}} [2]
5411Don ← Voronezh ← Polnoy Voronezh1923437308890 Sea of Azov near Azov RUS}} [346] [347][88]
...Don1870437308890 Sea of Azov near Azov RUS}} [347][88]
***-Manych ← Kalaus ← Bolshoy Yankul 863 49977 16 Don near Rostov-on-Don RUS}} [348] [349]
***--Yegorlyk 448 14972 38 Manych near Salsk RUS}} [350]
***-Sal 798 20932 15 Don in Semikarakorsk RUS}} [351]
***-Donets 1053 98720 159 Don near Semikarakorsk UKR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [352][2]
***--{{illm|Kalitva River|lt=Kalitva|de|Kalitwa|ru|Калитва (река)}} 308 10543 ? Donets in Belaya Kalitva RUS}} [353]
***--Aidar 264 7390 15 Donets near Shchastya UKR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [354]
***--Oskil/Oskol 472 14818 44 Donets near Izium UKR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [355][2]
***-Chir 317 10580 13 Don RUS}} [356]
***-Ilovlya 358 9377 9.8 Don RUS}} [357]
***-Medveditsa ← Malaya Medveditsa 748 34914 69 Don near Serafimovitch RUS}} [358]
***--{{illm|Tersa (Medveditsa)|lt=Tersa|de|Tersa (Medwediza)|ru|Терса (приток Медведицы)}} ← {{illm|Yelan River (Don Basin)|lt=Yelan|ru|Елань (приток Терсы)}} 326 8807 5.6 Medveditsa RUS}} [359] [360]
***-Khopyor ← {{illm|Serdoba River|lt=Serdoba|ru|Сердоба}} 1011 61052 150 Don near Bukanovskaya RUS}} [361] [362]
***--Buzuluk 314 9465 13 Khopyor RUS}} [363]
***--Savala 285 7585 20 Khopyor near Novokhopyorsk RUS}} [364]
***--Vorona ← {{illm|Chembar River|lt=Chembar|ru|Чембар (приток Вороны)}} 511 13229 42 Khopyor near Borisoglebsk RUS}} [365] [366]
***-Bityug 379 8818 18 Don near Pavlovsk RUS}} [367]
***-Voronezh ← Polnoy Voronezh 520 21286 71 Don near Voronezh RUS}} [368] [369]
***-Bystraya Sosna 296 13012 74 Don near Yelets RUS}} [370]
85++Yeya31391912.5 Sea of Azov near Yeysk RUS}}
95++{{illm|Chelbas River|lt=Chelbas|es|Río Chelbas|ru|Челбас}}28849112.4 Sea of Azov near Primorsko-Akhtarsk RUS}}
243234Kuban90652399430 Sea of Azov near Temryuk RUS}} [371] [561][88]
***-Pshish ← Bolshoy Pshish 270 1927 25 Kuban near Ryazanskaya RUS}} [372] [373]
***-Belaya 265 6054 ? Kuban RUS}} [374]
***-Laba ← Bolshaya Laba 347 12664 96 Kuban in Ust-Labinsk RUS}}
+++Kodori1052087144 Black Sea near Adzyubzha GEO}}
++79Enguri2134052170 Black Sea in Anaklia GEO}} [375] [376]
818136Rioni32713511424 Black Sea near Poti GEO}} [377] [376][88]
545556Chorokhi/Çoruh43822011278 Black Sea near Batumi GEO}} {{flagicon|TUR}} [376][2]
81030Kur/Kura/Mtkvari1364188378448 Caspian Sea near Neftçala AZE}} {{flagicon|GEO}} {{flagicon|TUR}} [378] [379][2]
***-Aras/Araks 1072 102000 141 Kura near Sabirabad AZE}} {{flagicon|IRN}} {{flagicon|ARM}}
{{flagicon|TUR}}		 [380] [379][2]
***-Alazani 391 11717 110 Mingachevir reservoir AZE}} {{flagicon|GEO}} [381][580][2]
***--Iori 320 4897 15 Mingachevir reservoir near Burunqovaq AZE}} {{flagicon|GEO}} [382] [383][2]
+++Samur213677775 Caspian Sea near Derbent AZE}} {{flagicon|RUS}}
718075Sulak ← Andi Koysu ← Tushetis Alazani36114085176 Caspian Sea near Makhachkala RUS}} {{flagicon|GEO}} [384] [385][2]
373651Terek62342927305 Caspian Sea near Kizlyar RUS}} {{flagicon|GEO}} [386][2]
***-Sunzha 278 12153 85 Terek near Gudermes RUS}} [387]
***-Malka 210 10163 98 Terek near Prokhladny RUS}} [388]
2841+Kuma8023350011 Caspian Sea near Lagan RUS}} [389]
111Volga ← Oka ← Upa ← Uperta379014325068087 Caspian Sea near Astrakhan RUS}} [390] [594][391][88]
...Volga ← Kuybyshev Reservoir ← Kama377114325068087 Caspian Sea near Astrakhan RUS}}group=note|The 1967 km Kama (1805 km river and 162 km fairway through a full Kuybyshev Reservoir) joins the Volga 1804 km above the mouth. The Kama has a nearly identical mean discharge and length as the Volga (it may have been significantly longer before the reservoirs were created),[392] while unlike the Volga it doesn't change direction at the meeting point, so that hydrologically the Volga could be considered a tributary of the Kama. }} [594][393]
...Volga353014325068087 Caspian Sea near Astrakhan RUS}} [394]
***-Akhtuba 537 ? 153 Volga Delta near Astrakhan RUS}} [395] [396]
***-Yeruslan 278 6196 ? Volgograd Reservoir near Kamyshin RUS}} [397] [398]
***-Tereshka 273 9864 18 Volga near Saratov RUS}} [399]
***-Bolshoy Irgiz ← Bolshaya Glushitsa 679 24010 23 Volga near Volsk RUS}} [400] [401]
***-Maly Irgiz ← Chernava 262 3916 6.4 Volga RUS}} [402] [403]
***-Chapayevka/Mocha 298 5126 2.5 Volga near Novokuybyshevsk RUS}} [404]
***-Samara 594 46454 46 Volga in Samara RUS}} [405]
***--Bolshoy Kinel 436 14929 34 Samara in Kinel RUS}} [406] [407]
***--{{illm|Tok River|lt=Tok|de|Tok (Samara)}} - Bitkul 312 5897 13 Samara near Buzuluk RUS}} [408] [409]
***-Sok 363 11455 33 Volga near Samara RUS}} [410]
***--Kondurcha 294 4327 9.4 Sok RUS}} [411]
***-Great Cheremshan 336 11806 35 Kuybyshev Reservoir near Dimitrovgrad RUS}} [412] [413]
***-Kama 1967 523324 3800 Kuybyshev Reservoir south of Kazan RUS}}group=note|The catchment area and length include the Kama-derived part of the Kuybyshev Reservoir. At full capacity, the reservoir extends to the junction with the Vyatka, shortening Kama as a river to 1805 km. Before the creation of the four large reservoirs in its course, the Kama River was 2030 km long up to the junction with the Volga.[392]}} [393]
***--Sheshma ← Lesnaya Sheshma 268 6196 11 Kama near Starosheshminsk RUS}} [414] [415]
***--Vyatka ← Belaya 1318 128713 890 Kama near Nizhnekamsk RUS}} [416] [417]
***---Kilmez ← {{illm|Ut River (Vyatka basin)|lt=Ut|ru|Уть (приток Кильмези)}} 295 17160 85 Vyatka near Ust-Kilmez RUS}} [418] [419]
***---Pizhma 305 14981 90 Vyatka near Sovetsk RUS}} [420]
***---Moloma ← Palomka 435 12399 48 Vyatka near Kotelnich RUS}} [421] [422]
***---Cheptsa ← Loza 526 20230 130 Vyatka in Kirovo-Chepetsk RUS}} [423] [424]
***---Letka 260 3633 21 Vyatka RUS}} [425]
***---{{illm|Kobra (Viatka)|lt=Kobra|de|Kobra (Wjatka)}} 324 7824 55 Vyatka near Nagorsk RUS}} [426]
***--Ik 571 17934 46 Kama near Menzelinsk RUS}} [427]
***--Izh 259 8469 34 Kama RUS}} [428]
***--Belaya 1430 141609 858 Kama near Neftekamsk RUS}} [429]
***---Bystry Tanyp 345 7700 45 Belaya RUS}} [430]
***---Dyoma ← Tyatep 556 13022 35 Belaya in Ufa RUS}} [431] [432]
***---Ufa ← Ay 931 52747 388 Belaya in Ufa RUS}} [433] [434]
***---Ufa 918 52747 388 Belaya in Ufa RUS}} [435]
***---- Yuryuzan 404 7850 55 Ufa near Karaidel RUS}} [436]
***---- Ay 549 14825 84 Ufa near Krasnoufimsk RUS}} [437]
***---Sim ← {{illm|Inzer River|lt=Inzer|de|Inser|ru|Инзер}} 313 11629 110 Belaya RUS}} [438] [439]
***--Chusovaya 592 46812 222 Kama Reservoir near Perm RUS}} [440] [441]
***---Sylva 493 22188 139 Chusovaya near Perm RUS}} [442]
***---Usva 266 6125 31 Chusovaya in Chusovoy RUS}} [443]
***--Kosva ← Typyl 298 7322 90 Kama Reservoir near Perermskoye RUS}} [444] [445]
***--Inva 257 6304 29 Kama Reservoir near Maykor RUS}} [654] [446]
***--Yayva River 304 6530 88 Kama Reservoir near Berezniki RUS}} [447] [448]
***--Vishera ← Kolva 494 31286 457 Kama near Solikamsk RUS}} [449] [659][450]
...--Vishera 415 31286 457 Kama near Solikamsk RUS}} [451]
***---Kolva 460 13311 200 Vishera at Cherdyn, Perm Krai RUS}} [452] [453]
***---Yazva ← Glukhaya Vilva 272 5855 70 Vishera near Cherdyn RUS}} [454] [455]
***--Kosa 267 9851 40 Kama near Ust-Kosa RUS}} [456]
***--Veslyana 266 7253 68 Kama near Ust-Veslyana RUS}} [457]
***-Sviyaga ← Malaya Sviyaga 379 16944 57 Kuybyshev Reservoir west of Kazan RUS}} [458] [459]
***-Greater Kokshaga 297 6481 40 Volga near Kokshaisk RUS}} [460]
***-Vetluga ← {{illm|Vokhma River|lt=Vokhma|de|Wochma|ru|Вохма (река)}} 901 39438 255 Volga near Kozmodemyansk RUS}} [461] [462]
***--Usta 253 6019 28 Vetluga near Voskresenskoye RUS}} [463]
***-Sura ← {{illm|Kadada River|lt=Kadada|ru|Кадада}} 867 67240 260 Volga in Vasilsursk RUS}} [464] [465]
***--Pyana ← Cheka 453 7991 25 Sura near Sergach RUS}} [466] [467]
***--Alatyr 304 11171 43 Sura at Alatyr RUS}} [468] [469]
***-Kerzhenets 290 6207 20 Volga near Lyskovo RUS}} [470]
***-Oka ← Upa ← Uperta 1559 244308 1258 Volga in Nizhny Novgorod RUS}} [471] [391][472]
...-Oka 1504 244308 1258 Volga in Nizhny Novgorod RUS}} [391]
***--Klyazma 686 42421 147 Oka in Gorbatov RUS}} [473]
***---Nerl 284 6766 26 Klyazma near Bogolyubovo RUS}} [474]
***--Tyosha 311 7781 4 Oka near Murom RUS}} [475]
***--Moksha ← Azyas 660 50379 95 Oka near Yelatma RUS}} [476] [477]
***---Tsna ← Osinovka 457 21437 46 Moksha near Sasovo RUS}} [478] [479]
***--Pronya 336 10180 50 Oka near Spassk-Ryazansky RUS}} [480]
***--Moskva ← Ruza 487 17618 150 Oka in Kolomna RUS}} [481] [482]
***--Protva 282 4602 25 Oka near Serpukhov RUS}} [483]
***--Ugra ← {{illm|Demina River|lt=Demina|ru|Демина (приток Угры)}} 436 15699 90 Oka near Kaluga RUS}} [484] [485]
***--Upa ← {{illm|Uperta River|lt=Uperta|ru|Упёрта}} 356 9529 40 Oka near Suvorov RUS}} [486] [472]
***-Unzha ← {{illm|Kema River (Unzha)|lt=Kema|ru|Кема (приток Унжи)}} 531 29156 158 Volga near Yuryevets RUS}} [487] [488]
***--Neya 253 6286 46 Unzha near Makaryev RUS}} [489]
***-Kostroma 354 19838 85 Gorky Reservoir in Kostroma RUS}} [447] [490]
***-Sheksna ← Lake Beloye ← Kema 441 21419 172 Rybinsk Reservoir near Rybinsk RUS}} [491] [492]
***--Suda ← {{illm|Noshema River|lt=Noshema|ru|Ножема}} 261 13469 134 Rybinsk Reservoir near Cherepovets RUS}} [493] [494]
***-Mologa 456 30074 172 Rybinsk Reservoir near Rybinsk RUS}} [495] [496]
***--Chagodoshcha ← {{illm|Lid River|lt=Lid|ru|Лидь (приток Чагоды)}} 286 9333 58 Mologa near Ustyuzhna RUS}} [497] [498]
***-Medveditsa 259 6384 41 Volga near Sknyatino RUS}} [499]
3690+Maly Uzen638116008 Kamysh-Samarskiye Lakes KAZ}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [500] [2]
3473+Bolshoy Uzen6501579511 Kamysh-Samarskiye Lakes KAZ}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [2]
3837Ural2428210581400 Caspian Sea in Atyrau KAZ}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [501][2]
***-Chagan 264 7530 7.7 Ural in Oral KAZ}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [502]
***-Utva 290 6952 3.8 Ural KAZ}}
***-Ilek 623 41875 40 Ural near Ilek RUS}} {{flagicon|KAZ}} [503]
***--{{illm|Bolshaya Chobda|de|Chobda}} - Karachobda 363 14666 14 Ilek RUS}} {{flagicon|KAZ}} [504] [505]
***-Sakmara 798 31040 144 Ural in Orenburg RUS}} [506]
***--Bolshoy Ik 341 7651 61 Saraktash|de|Saraktasch|ru|Саракташ}}RUS}} [507]
***-Or 332 18533 21 Ural near Orsk RUS}} {{flagicon|KAZ}} [508]

Notes

1. ^Planul de management al spațiului hidrografic Siret, Administrația Națională Apele Române
2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 United Nations. Economic Commission for Europe, [https://books.google.com/books?id=L73CJCH-ZuIC Our Waters: Joining Hands Across Borders : First Assessment of Transboundary Rivers, Lakes and Groundwaters], United Nations Publications, 2007] and {{cite web|url=https://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/env/water/publications/assessment/English/ECE_Second_Assessment_En.pdf|title=ECE Second Assessment|publisher=Economic Commission for Europe}} (note: large pdf file)
3. ^HydroBASINS at the HydroSHEDs website
4. ^Countries through which the river flows. Like the tributaries, these are ordered from mouth to source. The river's basin may cover more countries than listed here.
5. ^The 32 km Bolhshaya Kara is the longer of the two source rivers of the 257 km Kara proper
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=198247|title=Kara|publisher=SWRR}}
7. ^The 111 km Syadey-Yu is the longest source river of the 199 km Korotaikha.
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=168933|title=Korotaikha|publisher=SWRR}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=164767|title=Pechora|publisher=SWRR}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.r-arcticnet.sr.unh.edu/v4.0/ViewPoint.pl?Point=7565|title=Pechora At Oksino|publisher=R-ArcticNet}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=168020|title=Sula (Pechora)|publisher=SWRR}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=167947|title=Shapkina|publisher=SWRR}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=167748|title=Tsilma|publisher=SWRR}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=167515|title=Pizhma (Komi Republic)|publisher=SWRR}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=166881|title=Izhma|publisher=SWRR}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.r-arcticnet.sr.unh.edu/v4.0/ViewPoint.pl?Point=7512|title=Izhma At Izhma|publisher=R-ArcticNet}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=166646|title=Laya|publisher=SWRR}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=165703|title=Usa (Komi Republic)|publisher=SWRR}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=166502|title=Kolva (Usa)|publisher=SWRR}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=166395|title=Adzva|publisher=SWRR}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=166056|title=Kosyu|publisher=SWRR}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=166017|title=Bolshaya Rogovaya|publisher=SWRR}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=165266|title=Shchugor|publisher=SWRR}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=164732|title=Ilych|publisher=SWRR}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=162678|title=Mezen|publisher=SWRR}}
26. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=162797|title=Pyoza|publisher=SWRR}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.r-arcticnet.sr.unh.edu/v4.0/ViewPoint.pl?Point=7477|title=Peza At Igumnovo|publisher=R-ArcticNet}} (at 80% of drainage area)
28. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=162435|title=Vashka|publisher=SWRR}}
29. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=163362|title=Kuloy (White Sea)|publisher=SWRR}}
30. ^The 1130 km long Vychegda joins the Northern Dvina 673 km from its mouth in the White Sea.
31. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=158634|title=Northern Dvina|publisher=SWRR}}
32. ^The Northern Dvina (744 km) originates at the confluence of the Sukhona (558 km) and the Yug (574 km). The Sukhona starts at the small lake Kubenskoye (a ~15 km course), which is fed by the 368 km Kubena.
33. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=160886|title=Pinega|publisher=SWRR}}
34. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=161050|title=Yula|publisher=SWRR}}
35. ^The 231 km long Mekhrenga joins the 188 km Yemtsa, 68 km before it reaches the Dvina.
36. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=161523|title=Yemtsa|publisher=SWRR}}
37. ^The 477 km Ustya joins the 575 km Vaga 259 km before the Vaga flows into the Dvina.
38. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=160643|title=Vaga}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=160409|title=Ustya|publisher=SWRR}}
39. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=160643|title=Vaga|publisher=SWRR}}
40. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=160409|title=Ustya|publisher=SWRR}}
41. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=160572|title=Kokshenga|publisher=SWRR}}
42. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=159158|title=Vychegda|publisher=SWRR}}
43. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=160048|title=Viled|publisher=SWRR}}
44. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=159923|title=Yarenga|publisher=SWRR}}
45. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=159603|title=Vym|publisher=SWRR}}
46. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=159622|title=Yolva|publisher=SWRR}}
47. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.r-arcticnet.sr.unh.edu/v4.0/ViewPoint.pl?Point=7409|title=Yelva At Meshura|publisher=R-ArcticNet}}
48. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=159372|title=Sysola|publisher=SWRR}}
49. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.r-arcticnet.sr.unh.edu/v4.0/ViewPoint.pl?Point=7400|title=Susola At Pervomaisky|publisher=R-ArcticNet}}
50. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=159026|title=Lokchim|publisher=SWRR}}
51. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=159125|title=Vishera (Komi Republic)|publisher=SWRR}}
52. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=158968|title=Nem|publisher=SWRR}}
53. ^The 574 km long Luza joins the Yug 35 km before the Yug merges with the Sukhona to form the Northern Dvina.
54. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=158191|title=Yug}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=158376|title=Luza|publisher=SWRR}}
55. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=158191|title=Yug|publisher=SWRR}}
56. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.r-arcticnet.sr.unh.edu/v4.0/ViewPoint.pl?Point=7372|title=Yug At Gavrino|publisher=R-ArcticNet}}
57. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=158376|title=Luza|publisher=SWRR}}
58. ^The name of this river changes from Kubena (368 km) to Sukhona (558 km) after the relatively small Lake Kubenskoye (a ~15 km crossing).
59. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=158007|title=Sukhona|publisher=SWRR}}
60. ^Vozhega (140 km) runs into Lake Vozhe (<30 km straight crossing inflow to outflow), which is drained by the Svid (64 km), which flows into Lake Lacha (33 km long), where 416 km Onega originates.
61. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=157547|title=Onega}}, {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=157550|title=Svid}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=157576|title=Vozhega|publisher=SWRR}}
62. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.r-arcticnet.sr.unh.edu/v4.0/ViewPoint.pl?Point=7566|title=Onega At Porog|publisher=R-ArcticNet}}
63. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=157547|title=Onega|publisher=SWRR}}
64. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=157496|title=Voloshka|publisher=SWRR}}
65. ^The Segezha, 329 km from its most distant source, flows into Lake Vygozero 18 km away from where the Lower Vyg (88 km) drains it.
66. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=157111|title=Lower Vyg}}
67. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.r-arcticnet.sr.unh.edu/v4.0/ViewPoint.pl?Point=7301|title=Nyzhny Vig (Soroka) At Vigostrov|publisher=R-ArcticNet}}
68. ^The 33 km long Umba flows in the 135 km Upper Vyg, 112 km before that flows into Lake Vegozero. This 80 km long lake is drained by the 88 km long Lower Vyg.
69. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=157111|title=Lower Vyg}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=156842|title=Upper Vyg|publisher=SWRR}}
70. ^Talgiesdegi (48 km) joins Voloma (138 km) 113 km before that flows into Lake Segozero (mean flow 20 m3/s). This lake, crossed in a straight line in 35 km, is drained by the Segezha (59 km), which flows into Lake Vygozero (mean flow 74 m3/s).
71. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=156877|title=Segezha}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=156798|title=Voloma|publisher=SWRR}}
72. ^Kem (18 km) and Čirka (16 km) form the headwaters of 220 km Čirka-Kem, which, confusingly, joins another much larger river named Kem 7 km below its origin from Kuyto Lake and 184 km before it streams into the White Sea.
73. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=156318|title=Kem}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=156562|title=Čirka-Kem|publisher=SWRR}}
74. ^Pistojoki (Pista in Russian; 110 km) feeds the ca. 98 km Kuyto Lakes chain, which, on the other side, is drained by the Kem (191 km).
75. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=156318|title=Kem}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=156377|title=Pista|publisher=SWRR}}
76. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=155641|title=Kovda|publisher=SWRR}}
77. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=155655|title=Valasreka|publisher=SWRR}}
78. ^Niva drains Lake Imandra, the longest distance over the complex network of lakes and rivers above it is unclear, though it is over 200 km.
79. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=155462|title=Niva|publisher=SWRR}}
80. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=155157|title=Varzuga|publisher=SWRR}}
81. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=154809|title=Ponoy|publisher=SWRR}}
82. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.r-arcticnet.sr.unh.edu/v4.0/ViewPoint.pl?Point=7630|title=Ponoy At Ponoy|publisher=R-ArcticNet}}
83. ^Voronya (155 km) drains Lake Lovozero, which is fed by the Kurga (81 km) 15 km across. The systems starting with {{illm|Mar'yok River|lt=Mar'yok|ru|Марьйок}}//#R90'>^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=154388|title=Voronya}}, {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=154346|title=Lake Lovozero}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=154463|title=Kurga|publisher=SWRR}}
85. ^The Lutto (Lotta in RussianLeksozero (44 km) → {{illm|Sula River (Sula Lake)|ru|Сула (река, впадает в Сулу)|lt=Sula River}} (21 km) → Sula lake (7 km) → Lieksanjoki (132 km) → Pielinen Lake (44 km) → Pielisjoki (67 km) → Saimaa. The watershed area is a rough guess.
108. ^The 358 km-long Vodla system feeds into Lake Onega. After a 96 km crossing, 224 km-long Svir drains this lake into Lake Ladoga.
109. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=151277|title=Svir}}
110. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=151465|title=Oyat|publisher=SWRR}}
111. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=150538|title=Shuya (Karelia)|publisher=SWRR}}
112. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=150695|title=Suna|publisher=SWRR}}
113. ^Olova (42 km) joins Ileksa (155 km) 135 km before that flows into Lake Vodlozero. After a 32 km direct crossing, this lake is drained by the Vodla (149 km).
114. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=150832|title=Vodla}}, {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=150765|title=Ileksa|publisher=SWRR}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=150769|title=Олова|publisher=SWRR}}
115. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=152643|title=Syas|publisher=SWRR}}
116. ^The Volkov river (224 km) drains Lake Ilmen from the delta of the 620-km Msta-Tsna system.
117. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=152505|title=Volkhov|publisher=SWRR}}
118. ^Tsna (160 km) flows into Lake Mstino, which after 15 km is drained by 445 km Msta.
119. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=151771|title=Msta}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=151578|title=Tsna|publisher=SWRR}}
120. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=152105|title=Pola|publisher=SWRR}}
121. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=152176|title=Lovat|publisher=SWRR}}
122. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=152358|title=Shelon|publisher=SWRR}}
123. ^The 192 km Oredezh joins the Luga 191 km upstream from the sea
124. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=150258|title=Luga}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=150280|title=Oredezh|publisher=SWRR}}
125. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=150258|title=Luga|publisher=SWRR}}
126. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=150167|title=Plyussa|publisher=SWRR}}
127. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=149875|title=Velikaya|publisher=SWRR}}
128. ^Väike Emajõgi (82 km) feeds the lake Võrtsjärv. After a 35 km crossing, Võrtsjärv is drained by Suur Emajõgi (101 km)
129. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article126424.html|title=Эмайыги| encyclopedia = GSE}}
130. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.peer.eu/fileadmin/user_upload/projects/flagship_projects/PEER_Euraqua/Parnu%20Estonia.pdf|title=River Pärnu, Estonia|publisher=Partnership for European Environmental Research}}
131. ^The Pededze (159 km) flows into the Alviekste 22 km below Alviekste's source in Lake Lubāns and 95 km before it drains into the Daugava.
132. ^Alviekste basin (in Latvian)
133. ^The 264 km long Lyna/Lava joins the Pregolya 72 km before it reaches the sea
134. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=149572|title=Pregolya}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=149612|title=Lava|publisher=SWRR}}
135. ^The Angrapa (ca 170 km) is the longest source river of the Pregolya (123 km). The 89 km Gołdapa joins the Angrapa ca 100 km before the formation of Pregolya.
136. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=149572|title=Pregolya}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=149588|title=Angrapa|publisher=SWRR}}
137. ^HydroBasins data support the 264 km estimate by the Polish source over the 289 km estimate by the Russian source.
138. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rzekipolski.info/lyna.html|title=Łyna|publisher=Rzeki Polski}}
139. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=149612|title=Laba|publisher=SWRR}}
140. ^The 772 km long Western Bug merges with the Narew and after a further 38 km flows into the Vistula 401 km above that river's discharge in the Baltic Sea. Though shorter, the Vistula has twice as high a volume at the meeting point.
141. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.rzekipolski.info/wisla.html|title=Vistula |publisher=Rzeki Polski}}
142. ^The commonly quoted 194,424 km2 catchment area probably includes coastal waters.
143. ^The 772 km Bug joins the Narew 38 km before its confluence with the Vistula. The 38 km joined stretch used to be and locally still is known as Bugo-Narew.
144. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rzekipolski.info/wkra.html|title=Wkra|publisher=Rzeki Polski}}
145. ^Hydrologically and historically, the Narew is a tributary of the Bug, but by a decree of the Polish regime in 1962 the roles were reversed.
146. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rzekipolski.info/narew.html|title=Narew|publisher=Rzeki Polski}}
147. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rzekipolski.info/bug.html|title=Western Bug|publisher=Rzeki Polski}}
148. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rzekipolski.info/pilica.html|title=Pilica|publisher=Rzeki Polski}}
149. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rzekipolski.info/wieprz.html|title=Wieprz|publisher=Rzeki Polski}} & [https://books.google.com/books?id=RUAPCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA66&lpg=PA66 mean flow of Wieprz]
150. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rzekipolski.info/san.html|title=San|publisher=Rzeki Polski}}
151. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rzekipolski.info/dunajec.html|title=Dunajec|publisher=Rzeki Polski}}
152. ^The 808 km Warta joins the 854 km Oder 237 km above the Oder's mouth.
153. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.rivers.biodiversity.bg/files/File/3-1-Kowalczak.pdf|title=Flood Risk Management in the Odra Basin|year=2006|author=Piotr Kowalczak}}
154. ^Canalization reduced the length of the Oder from ca 1040 km to the current 854 km.
155. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rzekipolski.info/notec.html|title=Noteć|publisher=Rzeki Polski}}
156. ^{{cite web|url=http://eagri.cz/public/web/file/37537/PRB_Neisse_Final_Report__1_.pdf|title=Transnational Pilot River Basin: Lusatian Neisse}}
157. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rzekipolski.info/bobr.html|title=Bóbr|publisher=Rzeki Polski}}
158. ^The Vltava (431 km) joins the Elbe 833 km above its mouth in the North Sea. The length and catchment area of the river include the estuary until Cuxhaven, where the estuary is 15 km wide, but the nautical channel only 400 m.
159. ^{{cite web|url=http://copranet.projects.eucc-d.de/files/000120_EUROSION_Elbe_Estuary.pdf|title=Elbe Estuary|publisher=Eurosion|author=Jacobus Hofstede}}
160. ^The length and catchment area of the Elbe includes the estuary until Cuxhaven, where the estuary is 15 km wide, but the nautical channel only 400 m.
161. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web |author=Michael Bergemann |title=Gesamtliste der Fließgewässer im Elbeeinzugsgebiet |publisher=Behörde für Umwelt und Energie |year=2015 | url=http://www.fgg-elbe.de/dokumente/fachberichte.html?file=tl_files/Download-Archive/Fachberichte/Allgemein/Fliessgw2015.pdf}} (802 kb PDF)
162. ^The Spree (382 km) joins the Havel (334 km) 178 km before that reaches the Elbe.
163. ^The "Vereinigte Mulde" (124 km) originates from the confluence of the Zwickau Mulde (166 km) and Freiberger Mulde (124 km).
164. ^The Vltava proper (377 km) is formed by the confluence of the Studená (Cold) Vltava (8.3 km) and the Warm Vltava (54.3 km)
165. ^The 451 km Weser originates at the confluence of the 300 km Werra and the 220 km Fulda. The Weser and Werra originally had the same name (Wesera). The length and basin area include the Innere Außenweser, a channel through the estuary that is exposed at low tide.
166. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|url=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flusssystem_der_Weser|title=Flusssystem der Weser}} (German wikipedia article with many official sources)
167. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|url=https://www.ospar.org/documents?d=37506|title=Riverine Inputs and Direct Discharges to Convention Waters}}, OSPAR Contracting Parties’ RID 2011 Data Report. Long-Term Average discharge (in 1000m3/day) and some catchment area data are in Annex 5, pp 68-76 (PDF file)
168. ^The Leine (281 km) joins the Aller (260 km) 52 km before that reaches the Weser.
169. ^The length and catchment area include the river channel through the Dollard and Ems estuary, both mostly dry at low tide, up to Eemshaven.
170. ^With Zwarte Meer and Ramsgeul, which lead to the Ketelmeer, the length would be 214 km and the basin 5,867 km2
171. ^1 2 3 Basin area from Nordrhein-Westfalen Flussgebietsverzeichnis (MS Excel; 2,3 MB)
172. ^The Oude IJssel (82 km, same length when starting from the larger Bocholter Aa or smaller Issel source rivers) flows into the 125-km IJssel 19 km below the IJssel's origin from the Nederrijn. The 106 km lower IJssel drains in the Ketelmeer, which is connected to the North Sea via the IJsselmeer and Wadden Sea. The upper IJssel was formed between the 600 and 900 CE as a distributary of the Rhine and provides 75% of the volume.
173. ^Hydrological trends IJsselmeer (in Dutch)
174. ^Beheersgebied Oude Ijssel (in Dutch)
175. ^Basin area excludes the Meuse basin, which could be considered a tributary of the Rhine. The discharge is that for the Rhine just across the border in the Netherlands before it breaks up in its distributaries. The total discharge to the North Sea is considerably higher.
176. ^1 Distributary branch of the Rhine
177. ^The Alme (59 km) flows into the 220 km long Lippe 11 km below Lippe's source.
178. ^The Neger (20.5 km from both its Renau and Namenlose tributaries) flows into the Ruhr (219.3 km) 202.5 km before it runs into the Rhine.
179. ^48 km Moselotte flows into the 544 km Moselle 43 km below Moselle's source.
180. ^1 2 See the references in the German wikipedia article de:Flusssystem der Mosel
181. ^The 63.1 km long Ohm, measured from the source of the Felda tributary, joins the 245.6 km long Lahn 58.7 km below the source of the Lahn
182. ^Regnitz (191.1 km from its most distant source) flows into the Main, 133.2 km below its most distant source, and 391.8 km before its mouth.
183. ^The White Main (51.7 km) and the longer but smaller Red Main (71.8 km) are the headwaters of the Main (473.2 km). This course has the highest volume at each following junction.
184. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|url=https://www.lfu.bayern.de/wasser/gewaesserverzeichnisse/bf_gebiete/index.htm|title=Bach- und Flussgebiete in Bayern|publisher=Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt}}
185. ^The Pegnitz, for the first 15 km known as Fichtenhohe, joins after 127.3 km with the Rednitz, itself 123.7 km long from its most distant source, to form the Regnitz. After a further 63.7 km the Regnitz flows into the Main.
186. ^See the references in the German wikipedia article de:Flusssystem des Neckar
187. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=A---0030|title=Ill|publisher=Sandre}}
188. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.hydrologischeratlas.ch/en/products/printed-issue/fundamental-maps/table1-2|title=Hydrological Atlas of Switzerland - Characteristics of Basins|year=1992}}
189. ^Until 1904, when the Bergse Maas was created, the Meuse was a tributary of the Rhine. Because of further canalization in 1970 the Meuse could be considered a tributary of the Rhine again. The catchment area and length include the Haringvliet and Hollands Diep estuaries, which are riverine at low tide.
190. ^H.E.J. Berger, A.L. Mugie, Hydrologische systeembeschrijving Maas, Den Haag 1994
191. ^The length of the Scheldt traditionally includes the Westerschelde estuary, which is riverine at low tide [https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0964569115300569-gr8.jpg]. The catchment area includes the complete delta (i.e. including the Oosterschelde), while the discharge is for that near Antwerp. Without the Westerschelde the length would be about 295 km. The source of the Leie may be a few km further upstream than the source of the Scheldt itself.
192. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://carto1.wallonie.be/webgis_escaut_public_EN/Pdf/EN_DHI.pdf|title=International Scheldt river basin district}}
193. ^References in nl:Stroomgebied van de Schelde
194. ^The traditional length of the Thames is 346 km measured from Thames Head to the very end of the Thames estuary at Foulness Point, past the Medway. The traditional catchment area of 12,935 km2 however is for a region above Gravesend and the Medway catchment area is not considered part of the Thames watershed. As a compromise, the given catchment area and length ends at the Medway (338 from Thames Head). The 25 km Churn joins the newborn Thames 3 km below its source to make the total length 360 km.
195. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-gloucestershire-17858944|title=Could the River Thames be longer than the River Severn?|last=Bailey|first=David|work=BBC News|date=15 May 2012}}
196. ^Discharge extrapolated from Ely Ouse at Denver Complex gauging station.
197. ^The catchment area and length exclude the Humber estuary and the River Don basin (1857 km2), which in 1628 was artificially diverted to Rivers Aire (and eventually Ouse) via the Dutch River, but in 1802 was reconnected to the Trent via the Stainforth and Keadby Canal. Discharge is 89.5 m3/s for 80% of the catchment area.
198. ^Trent at North Muskham gaugin station
199. ^The catchment area and length exclude the Humber estuary, but the catchment area includes the River Don basin (1857 km2) (see River Trent).
200. ^Discharge extrapolated from Aire at Beal Weir, Ouse at Skelton, Derwent at Stamford Bridge, and Wharfe at Tadcaster gauge stations
201. ^{{cite web|url=http://tweedforum.org/catchment-management-planning/catchment_facts|title=Tweed Forum Catchment Facts}}
202. ^Discharge extrapolated from Tweed at Norham and Whiteadder Water at Hutton Castle gauging stations.
203. ^Catchment area and discharge include that of River Earn but exclude the Firth of Tay. It's unclear if the Firth is included in the length.
204. ^Discharge extrapolated from Tay at Ballathie, Earn at Forteviot Bridge, and Almond at Almondbank gauging stations.
205. ^Spey at Boat o Brig gauging station
206. ^Discharge extrapolated from Clyde at Daldowie, Kelvin at Killermont, White Cart Water at Hawkhead, and Black Cart Water at Milliken Park gauge stations
207. ^A 102 km long estuary is excluded from the length and catchment area; this estuary has a basin of 15,700-16,800 km2.
208. ^The Three Sisters are the rivers Suir (184 km), Barrow (192 km) and Nore (140 km). Nore flows into Barrow, which 20 km later joins the Suir to form the estuary named Waterford Harbour
209. ^South Eastern River Basin District Management System Physical Description {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303222354/http://www.serbd.com/MultiDownloads/Creport/Chapters/Physical%20Description%20Ch3.pdf |date=2016-03-03 }}
210. ^Length and catchment area include the Mersey estuary, which constricts to 1 km width before entering the Irish Sea. River Mersey originates at the confluence of the 30 mile (ca 48 km) long River Tame and River Goyt
211. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.merseygateway.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/Documents/Environmental_Statement/chapter_7/eschapter07.pdf|title=The Mersey Gateway Project - Hydrodynamics and Estuarine Processes}}
212. ^{{cite web|url=http://data.ecn.ac.uk/sites/ecnsites.asp?site=R05|title=Wye|publisher=UK Environmental Change Network}}
213. ^Discharge extrapolated from Severn at Haw Bridge, Leadon at Wedderburn Bridge, and Frome at Ebley Mill gauge stations
214. ^The 516 km long Marne flows into the larger Seine 361 km before it drains in the English Channel.
215. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=----0010|title=Seine|publisher=Sandre}}
216. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=H4--0200|title=Eure|publisher=Sandre}}
217. ^The Aire (125 km) flows into the larger Aisne (356 km) 121 km below its source. The Aisne joins the smaller Oise about 94 km before it drains in the Seine.
218. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=H---0100|title=Oise|publisher=Sandre}}
219. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=H1--0200|title=L'Aisne}} and {{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=H11-0400|title=L'Aire|publisher=Sandre}}
220. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=F---0100|title=Marne|publisher=Sandre}}
221. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=F3--0200|title=Yonne|publisher=Sandre}}
222. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=F1--0200|title=Aube|publisher=Sandre}}
223. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=J---006-|title=Vilaine|publisher=Sandre}}
224. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=----0000|title=Loire|publisher=Sandre}}
225. ^La Loire à Saint-Nazaire
226. ^The Loir (317.4 km) flows in the Sarthe (314 km). 9.2 km later the Sarthe joins the Mayenne to form the short Maine river, which flows into the Loire after just 11.5 km.
227. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=M4--0190|title=Maine |publisher=Sandre}}
228. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=M---0090|title=Mayenne|publisher=Sandre}}
229. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=M---0060|title=Sarthe|publisher=Sandre}}
230. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=M1--0160|title=Loir|publisher=Sandre}}
231. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=L---0060|title=Vienne|publisher=Sandre}}
232. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=L---0070|title=Creuse|publisher=Sandre}}
233. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=K7--0260|title=Indre|publisher=Sandre}}
234. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=K---0090|title=Cher|publisher=Sandre}}
235. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=K---0080|title=Allier|publisher=Sandre}}
236. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.s479106927.onlinehome.fr/index.php/en/|title=The river Allier and its catchment area}}
237. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=R---0000|title=Charente|publisher=Sandre}}
238. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=P---0000|title=Dordogne|publisher=Sandre}}
239. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=P---0150|title=Isle|publisher=Sandre}}
240. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=P---0100|title=Vézère|publisher=Sandre}}
241. ^The 380 km Tarn flows into the Garonne about 230 km before it meets the ocean. As both its volume and catchment area are larger, the Tarn is hydrologically the upper part of the Garonne river.
242. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=O---0000|title=Garonne |publisher=Sandre}}
243. ^Starting from the Ruda-Garona, the longest headwater of the Garonne. Length (54 km in Spain, 521 km in France) and catchment area exclude the Gironde estuary.
244. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=O---0150|title=Lot|publisher=Sandre}}
245. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=O---0100|title=Tarn|publisher=Sandre}}
246. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=O5--0250|title=Aveyron|publisher=Sandre}}
247. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=O1--0250|title=Ariège|publisher=Sandre}}
248. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=Q---0000|title=Adour|publisher=Sandre}}
249. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=Q---0100|title=Gave de Réunie |publisher=Sandre}}
250. ^The 226 km Sil flows into the Minho about 135 km above the Minho reaches the ocean.
251. ^The commonly given 80,000+ km2 for the drainage area includes the 7740 km2 basin of the Sorraia, here treated as a primary river.
252. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.riversnetwork.org/rbo/index.php/component/k2/item/24-tagus-river-watersheds-map|title=Tagus Watershed|publisher=Rivers Network}}
253. ^The 167 km Záncara joins the 155 km Cigüela (or Gigüela) and the 76 km Guadiana Alto in a trifurcation some 755 km before the Guadiana reaches the ocean. On some maps, the following 77 km are still called Cigüela. See the Spanish Guadiana article on the confusion in this river system.
254. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.chguadiana.es/?url=la+cuenca+hidrogr%E1fica+datos+b%E1sicos+r%EDos+y+arroyos+importantes&corp=chguadiana&lang=es&mode=view|title=Ríos y Arroyos importantes|publisher=Confederacion Hidrografica del Guadiana}}
255. ^The Guadiana Alto/Viejo source river is 76 km long.
256. ^Hydrologically the Guardiana Menor and its longest source river the Guardal (a.k.a. Barbata) form the true upper course of the Guadalquivir, which has a nominal length of 657 km. Barbata/Guardal - Guardiana Menor (206 km) meets the nominal Guadalquivir 138 km below its source.
257. ^Delgado, F., Raya, E. y Nania, L. (2015): Determinación del cauce principal de un río mediante herramientas SIG y análisis multicriterio: aplicación al río Guadalquivir. En Simposio del Agua en Andalucía (SIAGA). Málaga.
258. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=Y1--0200|title=Aude|publisher=Sandre}}
259. ^The 453 km long Doubs joins the upper Saône to form the 171 km long Grand Saône, which flows into the Rhône 333 km above its mouth in the Mediterranean.
260. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.riversnetwork.org/rbo/index.php/component/k2/item/4230-rhone-main-stream-watersheds-map|title=Rhône Watershed|publisher=Rivers Network}}
261. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=V---0000|title=Rhône|publisher=Sandre}}
262. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=X---0000|title=Durance|publisher=Sandre}}
263. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=W---0000|title=sère|publisher=Sandre}}
264. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=U---0000|title=Saône|publisher=Sandre}}
265. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=U2--0200|title=Doubs|publisher=Sandre}}
266. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=V2--0200|title=Ain|publisher=Sandre}}
267. ^The furthest headstream of the Arno could be considered the 19th-century, 62 km {{illm|Canale Maestro della Chiana|fr|Chiana (canal)|it|}} that drains part of Valdichiana into the Arno about 30 km below its source for a total length of over 270 km. 306 km2 has been subtracted from the HydroBasins area for the endorheic Lake Trasimeno.
268. ^The Tanaro (285 km including its Negrone source river) joins the Po 234 km below its source. A competing longest stretch is 691 km starting from the Maira. (see it:Po for references and discussion)
269. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.riversnetwork.org/rbo/index.php/component/k2/item/3878-po-river-watershed-map|title=Po Watershed|publisher=Rivers Network}}
270. ^The 9 km Negrino is the longer source stream of the 276 km Tanaro.
271. ^Hydrologically, this is one river with the upper courses of the Rienz, Eisack and Adige/Etsch as tributaries, as it forms the longest course and has the largest discharge at each junction. The ca 130 km long Ahr->Rienz->Eisack originating under the Dreiherrnspitze joins the 409 km long Adige/Etch 103 km below the latter's nominal source.
272. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.provinz.bz.it/forst/download/Zustand_der_Fliessgewaesser.pdf|title=Zustand der Südtiroler Fließgewässer|publisher=Südtiroler Landesverwaltung}}
273. ^The 17 km long Karlinbach, originating under the Weißkugel, flows into the Reschensee, about 5 km below the official source under the Reschen Pass of the 409 km long Adige/Etsch.
274. ^The Trebišnjica enters the Hutovo Blato marshland in Bosnia through a complex underground karst system. From here a portion of its waters continues the 9 km long Krupa to join the Neretva. Other portions appear as outlets on the coast, e.g. in Neum in Bosnia, in Slano and most significantly near Dubrovnik in Croatia as the 30 m short Ombla river into the Rijeka Dubrovačka ria.
275. ^The Drin (343 km from its most distant source) drains partly in the Adriatic, but the main channel, called Drinasa, joins the 44 km Bojana 3 km after that emerges from Lake Skadar.
276. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=The coastline of Albania : morphology, evolution and coastal management issues|url=http://ciesm.org/online/monographs/CSS-3/CSS_3_151_168.pdf|website=ciesm.org|page=8|language=English}}
277. ^The Sateska (38 km) flows into the Black Drin (149 km) less than 4 km after Black Drin's emergence from Lake Ohrid. Black Drin meets White Drin 145 km later to form the Drin proper (160 km). The drainage area (but not the length) includes the 1394 km2 Lake Prespa basin, which drains underground through very porous karst mountains into Lake Ohrid.
278. ^Georgi Zhelezov, [https://books.google.com/books?id=dkZECwAAQBAJ&pg=PA102&lpg=PA102&dq=Morača+basin+m3/s&source=bl&ots=ic1mHrD9i5&sig=O3-wz5Swmh1_Adq4BJ4zXaTcWGA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiB3Izw66zVAhUT6GMKHdUyBsoQ6AEIJjAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Sustainable Development in Mountain Regions: Southeastern Europe], Springer, 2015
279. ^The 132 km long Treska flows into the Vardar about 261 km above its mouth in the Aegean Sea.
280. ^The often-mentioned 17,323 km2 drainage area is much too large, as the total area drained by the Meriç (including Ergene) in Turkey is only 14,560 km2.
281. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.riversnetwork.org/rbo/index.php/component/k2/item/269-maritsa-evros-watersheds-map|title=Maritsa Watershed|publisher=Rivers Network}}
282. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.riob.org/IMG/pdf/2_BURHAN_FUAT_CANKAYA_ERGENE_HKEP_INBO_18102012.pdf|title=Ergene river basin protection plan|publisher= Turkish Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs}}
283. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=I3TaFGsQHKMC&pg=PA601&lpg=PA601&dq=kamchiya+basin#v=onepage&q=kamchiya%20basin&f=false|title=Biogeography and Ecology of Bulgaria|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|year=2007|isbn=9781402044175}}
284. ^Including the 46 km Breg headstream
285. ^The most distant source for the Prut may be via the 167 km Cheremosh tributary.
286. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CP%5CR%5CPrutRiver.htm|title=Prut| encyclopedia = IEU}}
287. ^Siret length estimates range from 559 km to 726 km. The shorter length is supported by HydroBasins data.
288. ^The 237 km-long Dâmbovița forms at the confluence of 8 km Valea Vladului and 6.5 km Valea Otic .
289. ^[https://www.carpathia.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/5.-Inventory-of-aquatic-eco-system-final-report.pdf Ecological state assessment of the Upper Dambovita River basin]
290. ^Hydrologically, this is a single river, as it follows at both junctions the river with the greatest length, drainage area and average discharge. The Great Morava (185 km) is formed by the merger of the West and South Morava. The 276 km Ibar joins the West Morava 89 km before it becomes the Great Morava.
291. ^Drainage area is hard to estimate due to the connectivity of the karst system. The most detailed level of HydroBasins data gives a lower drainage area (87197 km2) as it excludes local basins connected as such.
292. ^Danube Basin station Sremska Mitrovica
293. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.riversnetwork.org/rbo/index.php/component/k2/item/4004-danube-river-watersheds-map|title=Danube Watershed|publisher=Rivers Network}}
294. ^The 140 km Tara is the larger and longer of the two source rivers of the 346 km Drina. The most detailed level of HydroBasins data gives a lower drainage area (18820 km2) as it excludes local basins connected underground via the karst system.
295. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.savacommission.org/dms/docs/dokumenti/public/projects/usace/technical_documentation_sava_hms_model.pdf|title=Sava River Basin Flood Study: HEC-HMS Technical Documentation Report|year=2017}}
296. ^{{cite web|url=http://sednet.org/download/Sava-ssm_serbia_marina_babic_mladenovic.pdf|title=Serbian part of the Sava river basin}}
297. ^Drainage area is hard to estimate due to the connectivity of the karst system. The most detailed level of HydroBasins data gives a lower drainage area (8076 km2) as it excludes local basins connected underground as such.
298. ^The Tisza used to be 1,419 km long, but through canalization between 1846 and 1880 was reduced to its current length of 966 km. The average discharge is for that at Szeged, where it is higher than at places downstream.
299. ^Average discharge as measured at Arad, where it is higher than at places downstream.
300. ^The 286 km Hornád river joins the 229 km Sajó 32 km before the latter streams into the Tisza.
301. ^Latorica (188 km) and Ondava (147 km) join to form the Bodrog (67 km)
302. ^At the junction 47 km from its nominal source, the upper Drau is in every hydrological aspect a tributary of the Isel. The longer Isel, 65 km from the Schwarzach source under the Rötspitze, continues straight, is on average almost 3x larger in volume, and drains twice as large a basin. Below the junction the Drau/Drava is 663 km long.
303. ^1 Joint Drava River Corridor Analysis Report, 27 November 2014
304. ^Zala (139 km) is the longest and primary inflow of Lake Balaton. 70 km across, Balaton is drained by the 121 km Sió, a water course created in the 3rd century CE.
305. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web|url=https://www.bmlfuw.gv.at/wasser/wasser-oesterreich/wasserkreislauf/einzugsgebiete2012.html |title=Das Flächenverzeichnis - die Ordnung unserer Gewässer|publisher=Bundesministerium für Land - und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft}}
306. ^The 78 km Schwarza is the longest source river of the 180 km Leitha.
307. ^The 311 km Thaya flows into the Morava 91 km before it joins the Danube
308. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.tirol.gv.at/fileadmin/themen/umwelt/wasserkreislauf/wasserstand/downloads/Tafeln_Inn_lo.pdf|title=Der Inn und sein Einzugsgebiet}}
309. ^Leutascher Ache (30 km) joins the Isar (291.5 km) 26.1 km below its source.
310. ^The Breitach (24.3 km from Turabach source) joins with the Trettach (15.6 km) to form the Iller (146 km).
311. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CD%5CN%5CDnisterRiver.htm|title=Dniester| encyclopedia = IEU}}
312. ^The Southern Bug is 857 km long when including its liman; the given drainage area does include the Inhul, which empties in this liman.
313. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CB%5CO%5CBohRiver.htm|title=Southern Bug| encyclopedia = IEU}}
314. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CI%5CN%5CInhulRiver.htm|title=Inhul| encyclopedia = IEU}}
315. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CS%5CY%5CSyniukhaRiver.htm|title=Synyukha| encyclopedia = IEU}}
316. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article102528.html|title=Synyukha| encyclopedia = GSE}}
317. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article053932.html|title=Inhulets| encyclopedia = GSE}}
318. ^Vovcha (323 km) joins the Samara 222 km below its source and 98 km before their discharge in the Dnieper.
319. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article099129.html|title=Samara| encyclopedia = GSE}}
320. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article6435.html|title=Vovcha| encyclopedia = GSE}}
321. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CV%5CO%5CVorsklaRiver.htm|title=Vorskla| encyclopedia = IEU}}
322. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CP%5CS%5CPsolRiver.htm|title=Psel| encyclopedia = IEU}}
323. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CK%5CH%5CKhorolRiver.htm|title=Khorol| encyclopedia = IEU}}
324. ^327 km Uday flows into the Sula (363 km) about 120 km above Sula merges into the Dnieper.
325. ^1 {{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CU%5CD%5CUdaiRiver.htm|title=Udai| encyclopedia = IEU}} & {{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article113571.html|title=Удай)| encyclopedia = GSE}}
326. ^1 {{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CS%5CU%5CSulaRiver.htm|title=Sula| encyclopedia = IEU}} & {{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article107481.html|title=Сула (река, приток Днепра)| encyclopedia = GSE}}
327. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CR%5CO%5CRosRiver.htm|title=Ros| encyclopedia = IEU}}
328. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CD%5CE%5CDesnaRiver.htm|title=Desna| encyclopedia = IEU}}
329. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article103673.html|title=Snov| encyclopedia = GSE}}
330. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CS%5CE%5CSeimRiver.htm|title=Seim| encyclopedia = IEU}}
331. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CT%5CE%5CTeterivRiver.htm|title=Teteriv| encyclopedia = IEU}}
332. ^The 659 km Horyn joins the Prypiat 395 km above its confluence with the Dnieper
333. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article092883.html|title=Prypiat| encyclopedia = GSE}}
334. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CU%5CZ%5CUzhRiverPolisia.htm|title=Uzh| encyclopedia = IEU}}
335. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article094037.html|title=Ptsich| encyclopedia = GSE}}
336. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article113406.html|title=Ubort| encyclopedia = GSE}}
337. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CH%5CO%5CHorynRiver.htm|title=Horyn| encyclopedia = IEU}}
338. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CS%5CL%5CSluchRiver.htm|title=Southern Sluch| encyclopedia = IEU}}
339. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article107181.html|title=Styr| encyclopedia = GSE}}
340. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article104140.html|title=Sozh| encyclopedia = GSE}}
341. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article056450.html|title=Iput| encyclopedia = GSE}}
342. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article113481.html|title=Besed| encyclopedia = GSE}}
343. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article085487.html|title=Ostyor| encyclopedia = GSE}}
344. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article110882.html|title=Berezina| encyclopedia = GSE}}
345. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article033904.html|title=Drut| encyclopedia = GSE}}
346. ^The 520 km Voronezh (starting from the Polnoy Voronezh source) flows into the Don 1403 above its mouth in the Sea of Azov
347. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=170050|title=Don|publisher=SWRR}}
348. ^Kalaus (436 km) is the upstream section of Manych (nominally 420 km); Kalaus used to split up into the (West) Manych and East Kanych, but the east branch has been dammed off. The 78 km long Yankul joins the Kalaus 365 km before it changes its name to Manych.
349. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=171907|title=Manych}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=171757|title=Kalaus|publisher=SWRR}}
350. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=171789|title=Yegorlyk|publisher=SWRR}}
351. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=171714|title=Sal (Russia)|publisher=SWRR}}
352. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=171543|title=Donets|publisher=SWRR}}
353. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=171659|title=Kalitva|publisher=SWRR}}
354. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=171600|title=Aidar|publisher=SWRR}}
355. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=171556|title=Oskol|publisher=SWRR}}
356. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=171407|title=Chir|publisher=SWRR}}
357. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=171307|title=Ilovlya|publisher=SWRR}}
358. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=171140|title=Medveditsa (Don basin)|publisher=SWRR}}
359. ^The 218 km long Yelan joins the 249 km Tersa 108 km before Tersa flows into the Medveditsa
360. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=171204|title=Tersa (Medveditsa)|publisher=SWRR}}
361. ^The Serdoba (160 km) joins the Khopyor (979 km) 128 km after Khopyor's source
362. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=170632|title=Khopyor}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=170705|title=Serdoba|publisher=SWRR}}
363. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=170911|title=Buzuluk (Volgograd Oblast)|publisher=SWRR}}
364. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=170819|title=Savala|publisher=SWRR}}
365. ^The Chembar (119 km including the upper Chembar) joins the Vorona (454 km) 392 km before the Vorona flows into the Khopyor.
366. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=170793|title=Vorona (Russia)}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=170730|title=Chembar|publisher=SWRR}}
367. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=170313|title=Bityug|publisher=SWRR}}
368. ^The 178 km Polnoy Voronezh joins the 164 km Lesnoy Voronezh to form the 342 km Voronezh proper
369. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=170169|title=Voronezh|publisher=SWRR}}
370. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=169977|title=Bystraya Sosna|publisher=SWRR}}
371. ^Length includes the Ullukam source river, which at its confluence with Uchkulan forms the Kuban.
372. ^The 22 km Bolshoy Pshish is the longer source river of the 258 km Pshish proper
373. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=172497|title=Pshish|publisher=SWRR}}
374. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=172433|title=Belaya (Kuban)|publisher=SWRR}}
375. ^The discharge below the reservoir is reduced to 40 m3/s
376. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://bssupgrade.oceaninfo.ru/library/files/39705.pdf|title=The rivers of the Black Sea|publisher=European Environment Agency|author=Shalva Jaoshvili}}
377. ^Discharge is that for the north and south arm of the delta combined.
378. ^Many other sources, e.g. [https://web.archive.org/web/20021117125847/http://undp.org.ge/Projects/kura.html], give a 1515 km length, but this is not supported by the HydroBasins data.
379. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://aoa.pbe.eea.europa.eu/tools/virtual_library/bibliography-details-each-assessment/answer_3406124402/w_assessment-upload/index_html?as_attachment:int=1|title=Water quality in the Kura-Ara basin|year=2006|publisher=UNDP}}
380. ^Many other sources, e.g.  , give a 1264 km length, but this is not supported by the HydroBasins data. The combined length of the Araks-lower Kura system is nearly as long as the Kura itself.
381. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/env/documents/2014/WAT/09Sept_8-9_Geneva/The_Nexus_assessment_in_the_Alazani_-consolidated_v19June2014_compatible_1_.pdf|title=Alazani/Ganikh River Basin|publisher= Swedish Royal Institute of Technology}}
382. ^The discharge is for the middle part of the river; at the mouth it is only 9.8 m3/s due to agricultural use and divergence of water towards the Tbilisi reservoir. Before the completion of the Mingachevir reservoir it was a tributary of the Alazani.
383. ^1 Rapid Assessment of the Rioni and Alazani-Iori River Basins of Georgia, 2011
384. ^In Georgia, the Pirikiti Alazani (44 km) and Tushetis Alazani (48 km) form the Andi Koysu, which 144 km later joins the Avar Koysu (178 km) to form the 169 km long Sulak River.
385. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=173686|title=Sulak|publisher=SWRR}}
386. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=173165|title=Terek|publisher=SWRR}}
387. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=173405|title=Sunzha|publisher=SWRR}}
388. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=173218|title=Malka|publisher=SWRR}}
389. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=172950|title=Kuma (Russia)|publisher=SWRR}}
390. ^The Oka River, 1559 km starting from the Uperta source river, joins the Volga 1299 km below its source and 2231 km before its discharge in the Caspian Sea.
391. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=177924|title=Oka|publisher=SWRR}}
392. ^1 [https://books.google.com/books?id=GDmX5XKkQCcC&pg=PT61#v=onepage&q&f=false Rivers of Europe, p. 61]
393. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=179751|title=Kama|publisher=SWRR}}
394. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=174254|title=Volga|publisher=SWRR}}
Volgograd gauging station data
395. ^Akhtuba is a distributary of Volga that flows parallel to it, joining at multiple places.
396. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=185736|title=Akhtuba (river)|publisher=SWRR}}
397. ^Before the filling of the Volgograd Reservoir in 1961, Yeruslan River was at least 400 km long and had a catchment area of more than 12,000 km2.
398. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=185645|title=Yeruslan|publisher=SWRR}}
399. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=185591|title=Tereshka|publisher=SWRR}}
400. ^Bolshaya Glushitsa (65 km) joins Bolshoy Irgiz (675 km) 61 km below its source
401. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=185512|title=Bolshoy Irgiz|publisher=SWRR}}
402. ^Chernava (75 km) joins Maly Irgiz (235 km) 48km below its source.
403. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=185444|title=Maly Irgiz}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=185443|title=ЧЕРНАВА|publisher=SWRR}}
404. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=185472|title=Chapayevka|publisher=SWRR}}
405. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=185241|title=Samara|publisher=SWRR}}
406. ^Includes the 14 km Su-Elga source stream
407. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=185216|title=Bolshoy Kinel|publisher=SWRR}}
408. ^Bitkul (34 km) joins Tok (306 km) 28 km below its source.
409. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=185286|title=Tok}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=185275|title=Bitkul|publisher=SWRR}}
410. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=185117|title=Sok|publisher=SWRR}}
411. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=185131|title=Kondurcha|publisher=SWRR}}
412. ^Before the filling of the Kuybyshev Reservoir in 1957, Cheremshan River was at least 440 km long and had a catchment area of more than 15,300 km2.
413. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=184973|title=Bolshoy Cheremshan|publisher=SWRR}}
414. ^56 km Lesnaya Sheshma joins 259 km Sheshma proper 47 km below Sheshma's source
415. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=184877|title=Sheshma}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=184849|title=Lesnaya Sheshma|publisher=SWRR}}
416. ^The 96 km Belaya source river joins the 1314 km Vyatka 92 km below Vyatka's source.
417. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=183778|title=Vyatka|publisher=SWRR}}
418. ^107 km Ut joins the 270 km Kilmez 188 km before Kilmez flows into Vyatka
419. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=184601|title=Kilmez}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=184580|title=Ut River|publisher=SWRR}}
420. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=184292|title=Pizhma (Vyatka basin)|publisher=SWRR}}
421. ^Palomka (44 km) joins the Moloma (419 km) 28 km below Moloma's source
422. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=184098|title=Moloma|publisher=SWRR}}
423. ^127 km Loza joins the 501 km Cheptsa 102 km below Cheptsa's source
424. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=183625|title=Чепца}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=183575|title=Лоза|publisher=SWRR}}
425. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=183887|title=Letka|publisher=SWRR}}
426. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=183931|title=Kobra (Viatka)|publisher=SWRR}}
427. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=181854|title=Ik|publisher=SWRR}}
428. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=181621|title=Izh|publisher=SWRR}}
429. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=182214|title=Belaya|publisher=SWRR}}
430. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=183437|title=Bystry Tanyp|publisher=SWRR}}
431. ^The 91 km Tyatep joins the 535 km Dyoma 70 km below Dyoma's source.
432. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=183084|title=Dyoma|publisher=SWRR}}
433. ^The 549 km long Ay joins the Ufa 382 km before that flows in to the Belaya.
434. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=182592|title=Ufa}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=182632|title=Ay River|publisher=SWRR}}
435. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=182592|title=Ufa|publisher=SWRR}}
436. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=182952|title=Yuryuzan|publisher=SWRR}}
437. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=182632|title=Ay|publisher=SWRR}}
438. ^The 307 km Inzer joins the 239 km Sim just 6 km before that flows into the Belaya. Before their junction, Sim's discharge is >48 m3/s and Inzer's is 51 to 67 m3/s, but the 6 km joined stretch is named Sim.
439. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=182394|title=Sim}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=182408|title=Inzer|publisher=SWRR}}
440. ^Includes the catchment area of the Sylva tributary. Since the building of the Kama Hydroelectric Station both rivers now feed into an arm of the Kama Reservoir.
441. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=180639|title=Chusovaya|publisher=SWRR}}
442. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=181004|title=Sylva|publisher=SWRR}}
443. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=180803|title=Usva|publisher=SWRR}}
444. ^Typyl (68 km) joins Kosva (238 km), 53 km below the source of the Kosva.
445. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=180596|title=Kosva}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=180608|title=Typyl|publisher=SWRR}}
446. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=181117|title=Inva|publisher=SWRR}}
447. ^1 2 Drainage area but not the length includes the reservoir arm derived from the river.
448. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=181121|title=Yayva|publisher=SWRR}}
449. ^Kolva (460 km) joins the Vishera (415 km) just 34 km before the Vishera streams into the Kama.
450. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=180454|title=Kolva|publisher=SWRR}}
451. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=180376|title=Vishera (Perm Krai)|publisher=SWRR}}
452. ^Discharge unknown; calculated from the fraction of the Vishera basin comprised by the Kolva basin.
453. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=180454|title=Kolva (Perm Krai)|publisher=SWRR}}
454. ^The 234 km Glukhaya Vilva joins the 176 km Yazva 38 km before that flows into the Vishera.
455. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=180416|title=Yazva}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=180491|title=Glukhaya Vilva|publisher=SWRR}}
456. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=180108|title=Kosa|publisher=SWRR}}
457. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=179918|title=Veslyana|publisher=SWRR}}
458. ^The 41 km Malaya Sviyaga joins the 375 km Sviyaga 37 km after the latter's source.
459. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=177105|title=Sviyaga|publisher=SWRR}}
460. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=177322|title=Bolshaya Kokshaga|publisher=SWRR}}
461. ^The 219 km Vokhma joins the 889 km Vetluga, 207 km below Veluga's source
462. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=176734|title=Vetluga|publisher=SWRR}}
463. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=176751|title=Usta (Russia)|publisher=SWRR}}
464. ^The Kadada (153 km from its Tahtala source) joins the 841 km Sura 137 km below the source of the Sura itself.
465. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=177419|title=Sura}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=177409|title=Kadada|publisher=SWRR}}
466. ^The 70 km Cheka joins the 436 km Pyana 53 km below its source.
467. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=177845|title=Pyana}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=177870|title=Cheka|publisher=SWRR}}
468. ^The 168 km Cheka joins the 296 km Alatyr 160 km below the source of the Alatyr itself.
469. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=177538|title=Alatyr|publisher=SWRR}}
470. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=177006|title=Kerzhenets|publisher=SWRR}}
471. ^The 63 km long Uperta joins the 345 km Upa 52 km below its source. Upa then flows into the 1504 km-long Oka 1203 km before the Oka joins the Volga.
472. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=178083|title=Upa|publisher=SWRR}}
473. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=179347|title=Klyazma|publisher=SWRR}}
474. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=179496|title=Nerl (Klyazma)|publisher=SWRR}}
475. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=179296|title=Tyosha|publisher=SWRR}}
476. ^Azyas (40 km) joins Moksha (656 km) 36 km below Moksha's source
477. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=178932|title=Moksha}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=178954|title=АЗЯСЬ|publisher=SWRR}}
478. ^Osinovka (37 km) joins Tsna (451 km) 31 km below Tsna's source.
479. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=179058|title=Tsna (Moksha basin)}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=179037|title=Osinovka|publisher=SWRR}}
480. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=178709|title=Pronya (Russia)|publisher=SWRR}}
481. ^The 145 km Ruza joins the 473 km long Moskva 342 km before the Moskva flows into the Oka. Before canalization, the Moskva itself was 502 km long
482. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=178461|title=Moskva}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=178464|title=Ruza|publisher=SWRR}}
483. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=178352|title=Protva|publisher=SWRR}}
484. ^The 64 km Demina joins the 399 km Ugra 27 km below its source.
485. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=178238|title=Ugra (Oka)}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=178227|title=Demina|publisher=SWRR}}
486. ^The 63 km Uperta joins the 345 km Upa 293 km before that joins the Oka.
487. ^The 426 km long Unzha originates at the confluence of the 105 km long Kema and 89 km long Lyndonga rivers.
488. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=176163|title=Unzha|publisher=SWRR}}
489. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=176280|title=Neya|publisher=SWRR}}
490. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=175932|title=Kostroma|publisher=SWRR}}
491. ^The Sheksna was about 700 km long and had a catchment area of ca 39,000 km2 before the creation of the Rybinsk Reservoir in 1947.
492. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=175524|title=Sheksna|publisher=SWRR}}
493. ^The 184 km long Suda originates from the confluence of the Noshema (77 km) and the Koloshma (68 km)
494. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=175239|title=Suda}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=175204|title=Noshema|publisher=SWRR}}
495. ^The Mologa was about 700 km long and had a catchment area of over 37,000 km2 before the creation of the Rybinsk Reservoir in 1947.
496. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=175010|title=Mologa|publisher=SWRR}}
497. ^The 146 km long Lid joins the 242 km Chagodoshcha 140 km before it flows into the Mologa.
498. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=175122|title=Chagodoshcha}} and {{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=175144|title=Lid|publisher=SWRR}}
499. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=174715|title=Medveditsa (Volga basin)|publisher=SWRR}}
500. ^The average discharge is measured at stations in the upper part of the river.
501. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=186324|title=Ural|publisher=SWRR}}
502. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=186913|title=Chagan|publisher=SWRR}}
503. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=186881|title=Ilek|publisher=SWRR}}
504. ^Discharge unknown; calculated from the fraction of the Ilek basin comprised by the Chobda basin.
505. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=186892|title=Bolshaya Chobda|publisher=SWRR}}
506. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=186612|title=Sakmara|publisher=SWRR}}
507. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=186714|title=Bolshoy Ik|publisher=SWRR}}
508. ^{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=186519|title=Or|publisher=SWRR}}

References

SWRR = State Water Register of Russia; GSE = Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969–1978 edition; IEU = Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine.

{{reflist}}

See also

{{col-float}}
  • List of rivers of Asia
  • List of rivers of Africa
  • List of rivers of the Americas
  • List of rivers of Oceania
{{col-float-break}}
  • List of drainage basins by area
  • List of rivers by discharge
  • List of rivers by length
{{col-float-break}}
  • List of European rivers with alternative names
  • European river zonation
  • Geography of Europe
  • Latin names of European rivers
{{col-float-end}}{{List of rivers of Europe}}{{Europe_topics (small)|state=collapsed}}{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Rivers Of Europe}}

3 : Lists of rivers by continent|Rivers of Europe|Europe-related lists
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