| 词条 | Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
A norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) is a drug that acts as a reuptake inhibitor for the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine by blocking the action of the norepinephrine transporter (NET) and the dopamine transporter (DAT), respectively.[1] This in turn leads to increased extracellular concentrations of both norepinephrine and dopamine and, therefore, an increase in adrenergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission.[1] A closely related type of drug is a norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agent (NDRA). UsesNorepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors are used for clinical depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, and as antiparkinson agents. List of NDRIs{{hatnote|The section only lists compounds that are selective for {{abbr|NET|norepinephrine transporter}} and {{abbr|DAT|dopamine transporter}} relative to the serotonin transporter (SERT). For a list of compounds that inhibit reuptake at all three transporters, see serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor.}}Many NDRIs exist, including the following: {{collist|colwidth=30em|
}} Amphetamine and many of its immediate derivatives (i.e., the substituted amphetamines) are also both non-competitive and competitive inhibitors of the dopamine transporter (DAT), norepinephrine transporter (NET), and serotonin transporter (SERT) proteins. Amphetamine itself has comparatively low affinity for SERT relative to DAT and NET. Consequently, amphetamine is usually classified as an NDRI instead of an SNDRI. However, the substituted amphetamines have a very diverse effects profile, and many of them have significant inhibiting effects on the SERT. Amphetamine and many of the other substituted amphetamines are inhibitors of VMAT2 and potent agonists of the trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1); agonism of TAAR1 triggers phosphorylation events that result in both non-competitive reuptake inhibition and reversed transport direction of monoamine transporter proteins. As a result, monoamines flow out of the cell and into the synaptic cleft. Thus, amphetamine and its derivatives have a pharmacological profile that is much different than classical NDRIs, but analogous to trace amines. Research compounds
See also
References1. ^1 {{cite book | author = Stephen M. Stahl | title = Antidepressants | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=aeRdUoZ7PysC&pg=PA73 | accessdate = 10 May 2012 | date = 2 March 2009 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | isbn = 978-0-521-75852-9 | page = 73}} {{Stimulants}}{{ADHD pharmacotherapies}}{{Monoamine reuptake inhibitors}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor}}2. ^{{cite journal |last1=Stahl |first1=SM |last2=Pradko |first2=JF |last3=Haight |first3=BR |last4=Modell |first4=JG |last5=Rockett |first5=CB |last6=Learned-Coughlin |first6=S |title=A Review of the Neuropharmacology of Bupropion, a Dual Norepinephrine and Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor. |journal=Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry |date=2004 |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=159–166 |pmid=15361919 |pmc=514842 |issn=1523-5998|doi=10.4088/PCC.v06n0403 }} 1 : Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。