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词条 Norman Thompson N.T.2B
释义

  1. Development and design

  2. Operational history

  3. Operators

  4. Specifications (N.T.2B - Arab engine)

  5. See also

  6. Notes

  7. Footnotes

  8. References

  9. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2016}}{{Use British English|date=December 2016}}
name = N.T.2Bimage = Løitnant Næss - no-nb digifoto 20160223 00299 NB NS NM 08055.jpgcaption = Norwegian N.T.2B with semi-enclosed cockpit at Oslo.

}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type

type = Flying boat trainermanufacturer = Norman Thompson Flight Companydesigner = Francis Percy Beadlefirst flight = 1917introduced = 1917introduction= retired = status = primary user = Royal Naval Air Servicemore users = produced = number built =unit cost =developed from = White and Thompson No. 3 variants with their own articles =
}}

The Norman Thompson N.T.2B was a British single-engined Flying boat trainer of the First World War. A single-engined biplane, the N.T.2B was adopted as a standard flying boat trainer by the Royal Naval Air Service, training pilots for larger patrol flying boats such as the Felixstowe F.2.

Development and design

In late 1916, the Norman Thompson Flight Company, who had previously built 20 FBA Type B flying boat trainers, proposed to design and build a new trainer for pilots needed for large patrol flying boats such as the Curtiss Americas, Felixstowe F.2 and Norman Thompson's own N.T.4. The British Admiralty accepted the Norman Thompson proposal, and placed an order for 10 aircraft in November 1916 for the Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS).[1]

The resulting aircraft, designated N.T.2B, was a single-engined pusher biplane, with unequal span two-bay wings and powered by a 160 hp (119 kW) Beardmore 160 hp engine mounted between the wings driving a four-bladed propeller. The trainee pilot and instructor sat side by side in an enclosed cockpit, fitted with dual controls.[2]

While initial production was powered by the Beardmore, or by 150 hp (112 kW) Hispano-Suiza engines, later aircraft were fitted with a 200 hp (149 kW) Sunbeam Arab, which was mounted slightly to starboard of the centreline of the aircraft to overcome the greater torque of the more powerful engine. The Arab, however, proved unreliable, and the powerplant was changed again, to the 200 hp (149 kW) Hispano-Suiza 8 engine, which was mounted at an angle to overcome a similar torque problem as was observed with the Arab.[3]

The RNAS's (and after 1 April 1918, the Royal Air Force's) needs for the N.T.2B were beyond the capacity of Norman Thompson, so orders were placed with Supermarine and S.E.Saunders,[4][5] as well as with the parent company.{{ref label|Note1|a|a}} At least 294 had been ordered by the end of the First World War, which brought about large scale cancellations.[3]{{ref label|Note2|b|b}}

Operational history

The first N.T.2B was delivered to the RNAS flying school at Calshot on 8 July 1917,[3] the type becoming the standard training flying boat of the RNAS and RAF until the end of the First World War,[6] although delivery delays caused by the engine problems caused a backlog in training flying boat pilots.[7][8] Seventy-nine were on charge with the RAF on 31 October 1918. It operated at bases at Felixstowe and Lee-on-Solent as well as Calshot.[11]

Following the end of the war, N.T.2Bs were sold to the air forces of Estonia, Peru and Norway.[3] Civil N.T.2Bs were flown in Norway[9] and Canada, where one aircraft remained in use for forestry patrols until 1929.[10]

Operators

{{CAN}}
  • Royal Canadian Air Force
{{EST}}
  • Estonian Air Force - 2 aircraft[11]
{{JAP}}
  • Imperial Japanese Navy[12]
{{NOR}}
  • Royal Norwegian Air Force
{{PER}}
  • Peruvian Air Force - 2 Handley Page Ltd aircraft sent in 1919[13]
{{UK}}
  • Royal Naval Air Service
  • Royal Air Force

Specifications (N.T.2B - Arab engine)

{{aircraft specifications
|plane or copter?=plane
|jet or prop?=prop
|ref=British Aeroplanes 1914-17[14]
|crew=Two
|capacity=
|length main=27 ft 4½ in
|length alt=8.35 m
|span main=48 ft 4¾ in
|span alt=14.75 m
|height main=10 ft 8 in
|height alt=3.25 m
|area main=453 ft²
|area alt=42.1 m²
|airfoil=
|empty weight main=2,321 lb
|empty weight alt=1,055 kg
|loaded weight main= 3,169 lb
|loaded weight alt= 1,440 kg
|useful load main=
|useful load alt=
|max takeoff weight main=
|max takeoff weight alt=
|more general=
|engine (prop)=Sunbeam Arab
|type of prop=water cooled V-8
|number of props=1
|power main=200 hp
|power alt=149 kW
|power original=
|max speed main=74 knots
|max speed alt=85 mph, 137 km/h
|max speed more= at 2,000 ft (610 m)
|cruise speed main=
|cruise speed alt=
|never exceed speed main=
|never exceed speed alt=
|stall speed main=
|stall speed alt=
|range main=
|range alt=
|ceiling main=11,400 ft
|ceiling alt=3,500 m
|climb rate main=
|climb rate alt=
|loading main=7.00 lb/ft²
|loading alt=34.2 kg/m²
|thrust/weight=
|power/mass main=0.063 hp/lb
|power/mass alt=0.10 kW/kg
|more performance=
  • Climb to 10,000 ft (3,050 m): 33 min 40 sec

|avionics=
}}

See also

{{aircontent
|related=*White and Thompson No. 3
|similar aircraft=
  • Curtiss Model F
  • FBA Type A

|lists=*List of seaplanes and amphibious aircraft
  • List of aircraft of the Royal Naval Air Service

|see also=
}}

Notes

  • {{note label|Note1|a|a}} The Norman Thompson Flight Company had gone into receivership in 1918, after delays in placing orders for new aircraft. Production continued at Norman Thompson's (and orders continued to be placed) despite this.[15][16][17] Norman Thompson Flight Company became part of Handley Page in 1919.[14]
  • {{note label|Note2|b|b}}Estimates of the number of aircraft produced vary, with London giving production of 107-121[3] and Bruce estimating at least 150 built.[14]

Footnotes

1. ^London 1996, pp.73-74.
2. ^Bruce 1957, pp.655-656.
3. ^1 2 3 4 London 1996, p.74.
4. ^Andrews and Morgan 1987, p.354.
5. ^London 1994, p.74.
6. ^Donald 1997, p.695.
7. ^Goodall 1995, pp.60–61.
8. ^London 2003, p. 33.
9. ^"Civil Aircraft Register - Norway". Golden Years of Aviation. Retrieved 7 February 2009.
10. ^Jackson 1988, p.344.
11. ^Johnson, Robert Craig. "The White Falcons: the White Air Forces 1918-1920". Chandelle: A Journal of Aviation History, Volume 2 Number 2, October 1997. Worldatwar.net. Retrieved 7 February 2009.
12. ^{{cite web|title=ＡＲＡＷＡＳＩ ＴＥＮＺＡＮ ○1/72 レジン製フルキット Ｎｏｒｍａｎ Ｔｈｏｍｐｓｏｎ ＮＴ２Ｂ|url=http://ysscaleshop.blog137.fc2.com/blog-entry-4145.html|website=イエローサブマリン 秋葉原本店★MINT　［スケールフロアコーナー］|accessdate=13 January 2017}}
13. ^{{cite web|title=BRITISH AIRCRAFT OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR|url=http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205314644|website=Imperial War Museums|publisher=IWM|accessdate=15 December 2015|ref=Q 67308|date=1919|quote=One of the two N.T.2B's sent to Peru in 1919 by Handley Page Ltd.}}
14. ^1 2 3 Bruce 1957, p.657.
15. ^Flight 29 May 1919, p.716.
16. ^Flight 10 July 1919, p.926.
17. ^Flight 7 August 1919, p.1068.

References

{{refbegin}}
  • "Questions in Parliament". Flight, 29 May 1919, p. 716.
  • "Aviation in Parliament". Flight, 10 July 1919, pp. 925–926.
  • "Aviation in Parliament". Flight, 7 August 1919, pp. 1068–1069.
  • Andrews, C.F. and E.B. Morgan. Supermarine Aircraft since 1914. London:Putnam, 1987. {{ISBN|0-85177-800-3}}.
  • Bruce, J.M. British Aeroplanes 1914-18. London:Putnam, 1957.
  • Donald, David (editor). The Encyclopedia of World Aircraft. Leicester, UK: Blitz Editions, 1997. {{ISBN|1-85605-375-X}}.
  • Goodall, Michael H. The Norman Thompson File. Tunbridge Wells, UK: Air Britain (Historians) Ltd, 1995. {{ISBN|0-85130-233-5}}.
  • Jackson, A.J. British Civil Aircraft 1919-1972: Volume III. London:Putnam, 1988. {{ISBN|0-85177-818-6}}.
  • London, Peter. British Flying Boats. Stroud, UK: Sutton Publishing, 2003. {{ISBN|0-7509-2695-3}}.
  • London, Peter. "Island Pioneers; Aircraft Production Origins on the Isle of Wight". Air Enthusiast, No.56, Winter 1994. Stamford, UK:Key Publishing. {{ISSN|0143-5450}}. pp. 71–77.
  • London, Peter. "Bognor's Boats: The Aircraft of Norman Thompson". Air Enthusiast, No. 66, November–December 1996. Stamford, UK:Key Publishing. {{ISSN|0143-5450}}. pp. 70–75.
{{refend}}

External links

  • Norman Thompson N.T.2. Image Bank – Canada Aviation Museum.
{{Norman Thompson aircraft}}{{wwi-air}}

6 : British military trainer aircraft 1910–1919|Flying boats|Single-engined pusher aircraft|Norman Thompson aircraft|Biplanes|Aircraft first flown in 1917
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