| 词条 | Oak (programming language) |
| 释义 |
Oak is a discontinued programming language created by James Gosling in 1991, initially for Sun Microsystems' set-top box project. The language later evolved to become Java. The name Oak was used by Gosling after an oak tree that stood outside his office. History{{See also|Java (software platform)#History}}In 1991, Sun Microsystems was attempting to develop a new technology for programming next generation smart appliances, which Sun expected to be a major new opportunity. The team originally considered using C++, but rejected the idea for several reasons (see Java history). Initially, Gosling attempted to modify and extend C++ but soon abandoned that in favor of creating a new platform called Green and an entirely new language, which he called Oak, after the tree that stood just outside his office.[1] By the summer of 1992, they were able to demonstrate portions of the new platform including the Green OS, the Oak language, the libraries, and the hardware. Their first attempt, demonstrated on September 3, 1992, focused on building a PDA device named Star7{{Ref|star7}} which had a graphical interface and a smart agent called "Duke" to assist the user. Oak was renamed Java in 1994 after a trademark search revealed that Oak was used by Oak Technology.[2] Java 1.0 was finally shipped in 1996.[3] Differences with JavaOak was the basis for what Java 1.0 became later, but there were also some differences:[4][5] Several concepts were planned in the Oak specification but remained not implemented in the original language because of time constraints:
Other concepts were different from, or improved later, for Java:[4]
And finally some concepts were later scraped out:
See also
References1. ^{{Cite web|url = http://gcc.uni-paderborn.de/www/WI/WI2/wi2_lit.nsf/64ae864837b22662c12573e70058bbb4/abf8d70f07c12eb3c1256de900638899/$FILE/Java%20Technology%20-%20An%20early%20history.pdf|title = Java Technology: An early history|author=Jon Byous| quote=Gosling called the new language "Oak", after the tree outside his window| publisher=Sun Microsystems|date = March 12, 2003|accessdate = 2009-08-02}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-10-1996/jw-10-javaname.html|title = So why did they decide to call it Java?|author=Kieron Murphy| publisher=javaworld.com|date=April 10, 1996| quote=The lawyers had told us that we couldn't use the name 'OAK' because [it was already trademarked by] Oak Technologies," said Frank Yellin, a senior engineer at Sun. "So a brainstorming session was held to come up with ideas for a new name|accessdate = 2009-08-03}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url = http://blogs.sun.com/jonathan/entry/better_is_always_different|title = Different Isn't Always Better, But Better's Always|author=Jonathan I. Schwartz|date=August 30, 2007|accessdate = 2009-08-02}} 4. ^1 2 {{Cite web|url = http://www.artima.com/weblogs/viewpost.jsp?thread=7555|title = Once Upon an Oak ...|author=Heinz Kabutz| publisher=artima.com|date=July 15, 2003|accessdate = 2009-08-02}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.javaspecialists.eu/archive/files/OakSpec0.2.ps |title=Oak language specification |publisher=FirstPerson, Inc. |accessdate=2015-03-06 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307062641/http://www.javaspecialists.eu/archive/files/OakSpec0.2.ps |archivedate=March 7, 2012 }} 6. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.darksleep.com/player/JavaAndUnsignedTypes.html|title = Java and unsigned int, unsigned short, unsigned byte, unsigned long, etc. (Or rather, the lack thereof)|accessdate = 2009-08-02}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url = http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jls/assert-spec.html|title = A Simple Assertion Facility For the Java Programming Language| publisher=Sun Microsystems|accessdate = 2009-08-02}} 8. ^{{Cite web|url = http://modernjass.sourceforge.net/docs/mastersthesis-johannes_rieken.pdf|title = Design by Contract for Java - Revised|author=Johannes Rieken| date=April 24, 2007|accessdate = 2010-10-02}} 9. ^{{Cite web|url = http://bugs.sun.com/view_bug.do?bug_id=4449383|title = Support For 'Design by Contract', beyond "a simple assertion facility"| publisher=Sun Microsystems|accessdate = 2010-10-02}} External links
7 : Java (programming language)|C programming language family|Sun Microsystems|Class-based programming languages|Object-oriented programming languages|Cross-platform software|Programming languages created in 1991 |
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