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词条 List of Viking metal bands
释义

  1. See also

  2. References

  3. Notes

This is a list of Viking metal bands. Viking metal is a style of heavy metal music with origins in black metal and Nordic folk music, characterized by a lyrical and thematic focus on Norse mythology, Norse paganism, and the Viking Age. Viking metal is quite diverse as a musical style, to the point where some consider it more a cross-genre term than genre, but it is typically manifested as black metal with influences from Nordic folk music. Common traits include a slow-paced and heavy riffing style, anthemic choruses, use of both clean and harsh vocals, a reliance on folk instrumentation, and often the use of keyboards for atmospheric effect.

Viking metal emerged during the late-1980s through the mid-1990s as a rejection of Satanism and the occult, instead embracing the Vikings and paganism as the leaders of opposition to Christianity. It is similar, in lyrics, sound, and thematic imagery, to pagan metal, but pagan metal has a broader mythological focus and uses folk instrumentation more extensively. Most Viking metal bands originate from the Nordic countries, and nearly all bands claim that their members descend, directly or indirectly, from Vikings.

Though artists such as Led Zeppelin, Yngwie Malmsteen, Heavy Load, and Manowar have previously dealt with Viking themes, Bathory from Sweden is generally credited with pioneering the style with its albums Blood Fire Death (1988) and Hammerheart (1990), which launched a renewed interest in the Viking Age among heavy metal musicians. Enslaved, from Norway, followed up on this burgeoning Viking trend with Hordanes Land (1993) and Vikingligr Veldi (1994). Burzum, Emperor, Einherjer, and Helheim, among others, helped further develop the genre in the early through mid-1990s. Through the work of artists such as the German project Falkenbach, Viking metal soon spread from the Nordic countries to other nations with Viking history or an even broader Germanic heritage, and has since influenced musicians across the globe. The death metal bands Unleashed and Amon Amarth, which emerged in the early 1990s, also adopted Viking themes, broadening the style from its primarily black metal origin.

{{Dynamic list}}
BandFormedOriginNotes
Adorned Brood 1993 Germany [1]
Amon Amarth 1992 Sweden [2][3][4]
Ancient Rites 1988 Belgium [5]
Ásmegin 1998 Norway [6][7]
Barbariön 2007 Australia [8]
Bathory 1983 Sweden [9]
Black Messiah 1992 Germany [1]
Blackmore's Night 1997 United Kingdom
United States		 [10]
Borknagar 1995 Norway [11][12]
Burzum 1988 Norway [13]
Claim the Throne2004Australia[14]
Darkwoods My Betrothed 1992 Finland [15]
Destroy Destroy Destroy 2003 United States [16]
Doomsword 1997 Italy [17]
Drottnar 1996 Norway[18][19]
Einherjer 1993 Norway [3]
Elexorien 2004 Netherlands [20]
Eluveitie 2002 Switzerland [21]
Emperor 1991 Norway [22]
Ensiferum 1995 Finland [23]
Enslaved 1991 Norway [3][24]
Equilibrium 2001 Germany [25]
Falkenbach 1989 Germany [26]
Fejd 2001 Sweden [27]
Finsterforst 2004 Germany [28]
Folkearth 2003 International [29]
Folkodia 2007 International [30]
Fólkvangr2014Iceland / International
Forefather 1997 England [31]
Glittertind 2001 Norway [32]
Grand Magus 1996 Sweden [33]
Heidevolk 2002 Netherlands [34]
Hel 1999 Sweden [35]
Helheim 1992 Norway [36]
Holy Blood 1999 Ukraine [37]
Isengard 1989 Norway [41]
Ithilien2005Belgium[38]
Kampfar 1994 Norway [39]
Kivimetsän Druidi 2002 Finland [40]
Korpiklaani 2003 Finland [39]
Leaves' Eyes 2003 Germany
Norway		 [41]
Månegarm 1995 Sweden [42]
Mithotyn 1993 Sweden [43]
Myrkgrav 2003 Norway [44]
Moonsorrow 1995 Finland [45][46]
Obscurity 1997 Germany [47]
Primordial 1987 Ireland [48]
Satyricon 1991 Norway [41]
Skálmöld 2009 Iceland [49]
Skeletonwitch 2003 United States [50]
Slechtvalk 1999 Netherlands [37][51]
Solefald 1995 Norway [52]
Storm 1994 Norway [53]
Svartsot 2005 Denmark [54]
The Sword 2003 United States [55]
Thyrfing 1995 Sweden [56][57][58]
Trollech 1999 Czech Republic [59]
Turisas 1997 Finland [60]
Týr 1998 Faroe Islands [61][62]
Ulver 1993 Norway [63]
Unleashed 1989 Sweden [2][3][64]
Vintersorg 1994 Sweden [65]
Windir 1994 Norway [66]
Wolfchant 2003 Germany [67]

See also

  • Viking metal
  • List of folk metal bands
  • List of heavy metal bands
  • Heavy metal subgenres

References

  • {{Cite journal|url = http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/not/summary/v066/66.4.freeborn.html|title = A Selective Discography of Scandinavian Heavy Metal Music|last = Freeborn|first = Robert|date = June 2010|journal = Sound Recording Reviews|issue = 4|series = |volume = 66|pages = 840–850|editor-last = Anderson|editor-first = Rick}}
  • {{Cite journal|url = https://www.academia.edu/5768762/Hold_the_Heathen_Hammer_High_-_Viking_Metal_from_the_Local_to_the_Global|title = 'Hold the Heathen Hammer High' - Viking Metal from the Local to the Global|last = Hoad|first = Catherine|date = 2013|journal = Shifting Sounds: Musical Flow - A Collection of Papers from the 2012 IASPM Australia/New Zealand Conference|doi = |pmid = |access-date = |publisher = International Association for the Study of Popular Music|location = Dunedin|editor-last = Wilson|editor-first = Oli|editor2-last = Attfield|editor2-first = Sarah|pages = 62–70|isbn = 9780975774793}}
  • {{cite book |last=Kahn-Harris |first=Keith |title=Extreme Metal: Music and Culture on the Edge |publisher=Berg Publishers |location=Oxford |year=2007 |isbn=1-84520-399-2}}
  • {{cite journal|last1 = Weinstein|first1 = Deena|authorlink1 = Deena Weinstein|editor1-last = Weston|editor1-first = Donna|editor2-last = Bennett|editor2-first = Andy|title = Pagan Metal|journal = Pop Pagans: Paganism and Popular Music|date = 2014|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=7cToBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT83#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher = Routledge|location = London|isbn = 9781317546658}}

Notes

1. ^1 {{cite journal |last=Manea |first=Irina-Maria |date=April 16, 2015 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HzcnCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA185|title=Primal Roots: Ancestry and Race in Extreme Music Discourses |journal=Proceedings of IAC-SSaH 2015: International Academic Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities in Prague 2015 |publisher=Czech Institute of Academic Education |pages=187–188 |isbn=978-80-905791-2-5 }}
2. ^1 Kahn-Harris 2007, pp. 106
3. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal|title = Scandinavian Metal Attack: The Power of Northern Europe in Extreme Metal|last = von Helden|first = Imke|page = 34|url = http://inter-disciplinary.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/mmp2ever1150210.pdf|date = 2010|journal = Inter-Disciplinary Press|accessdate = October 28, 2014|editor = Rosemary Hill and Karl Spracklen|deadurl = yes|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20141028210838/http://inter-disciplinary.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/mmp2ever1150210.pdf|archivedate = October 28, 2014|df = }}
4. ^{{cite web |author=Bowar, Chad |title=Amon Amarth interview |url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/interviews/a/amonamarth.htm |publisher=About.com |accessdate=2009-03-13}}
5. ^{{cite web|last1=Steiff|title=Review - Ancient Rites - Laguz|url=http://www.metal-only.de/reviews/2015/feb/Review-Ancient-Rites-Laguz-2015.pdf|website=Metal Only.de|publisher=Wolfgang Steiner|accessdate=January 3, 2017|language=German|format=PDF|date=February 2015}}
6. ^{{cite journal|last1=Matthijssens|first1=Vera|title=Asmegin - Arv|journal=Lords of Metal|date=April–May 2015|issue=157|url=http://www.lordsofmetal.nl/en/reviews/view/id/12881|accessdate=May 8, 2015|publisher=Horst Vonberg}}
7. ^{{cite web|last1=Van Horn, Jr.|first1=Ray|title=Asmegin - 'Arv'|url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/cdreviews/gr/asmeginarv.htm|website=About.com|publisher=IAC|accessdate=May 8, 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518072638/http://heavymetal.about.com/od/cdreviews/gr/asmeginarv.htm|archivedate=May 18, 2015|df=}}
8. ^{{cite web|last1=Staff Writer|title=Hear Why This Viking Metal Band Should Have Gone To Eurovision|url=http://themusic.com.au/news/all/2015/03/06/hear-why-this-viking-metal-band-should-have-gone-to-eurovision/|website=The Music|publisher=Street Press Australia|accessdate=January 3, 2017|date=March 6, 2015}}
9. ^{{cite web |author=Rivadavia, Eduardo |title=Blood Fire Death review |publisher=Allmusic |url={{Allmusic|class=album|id=blood-fire-death-mw0000171761|pure_url=yes}} |accessdate=2009-03-13}}
10. ^{{cite web|last1=Van Horn, Jr.|first1=Ray|title=Blackmore's Night - A Knight in York|url=http://www.blabbermouth.net/cdreviews/a-knight-in-york/|website=Blabbermouth.net|publisher=Roadrunner Records|accessdate=January 3, 2017|date=n.d.}}
11. ^Weinstein, pg. 60.
12. ^Freeborn 2010, pg. 846.
13. ^{{cite web|last=Huey|first=Steve|title=Burzum|url={{Allmusic|class=artist|id=burzum-mn0000645956|tab=biography|pure_url=yes}}|work=Allmusic|publisher=Rovi Corporation|accessdate=8 January 2012}}
14. ^{{Cite book|title=Encyclopaedia of Australian Heavy Metal|last=Giffin|first=Brian|publisher=Moonlight Publications|year=2002|isbn=978-0-9943206-1-2|location=Bendigo|pages=2051}}
15. ^{{cite web|last=Harris|first=Craig|title=Darkwoods My Betrothed|url={{Allmusic|class=artist|id=darkwoods-my-betrothed-mn0001617540|pure_url=yes}}|work=Allmusic|publisher=Rovi Corporation|accessdate=8 January 2012}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://media.www.highlandernews.org/media/storage/paper1400/news/2009/01/09/Entertainment/Tennessee.Metalheads.Destroy.To.The.Third.Power-3582699.shtml|title=Tennessee metalheads Destroy to the third power|last=Kurosu|first=Jason|date=January 9, 2009|work=Highlander Newspaper|publisher=College Publisher|accessdate=May 15, 2009}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
17. ^{{cite web|last1=Cle|first1=Bruder|title=Doomsword - Let Battle Commence|url=https://www.rockhard.de/megazine/reviewarchiv/review-anzeigen/15433-let-battle-commence.html|website=Rock Hard|accessdate=January 3, 2017|language=German|date=2003}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.crossrhythms.co.uk/products/Drottnar/Spiritual_Battle/2957/|title=Drottnar - Spiritual Battles|last=Cranson|first=David|date=February 1, 2001|work=Cross Rhythms Magazine No. 61|publisher=Cross Rhythms Radio|accessdate=December 2, 2010}}
19. ^{{cite web |author=Sharpe-Young, Garry |title=Drottnar |publisher=MusicMight |url=http://www.musicmight.com/artist/norway/fredrikstad/drottnar |accessdate=2010-12-07 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120915014457/http://www.musicmight.com/artist/norway/fredrikstad/drottnar |archivedate=2012-09-15 |df= }}
20. ^{{cite web |author=Sharpe-Young, Garry |title=Elexorien |publisher=MusicMight |url=http://www.musicmight.com/artist/holland/groningen/elexorien |accessdate=2009-04-22 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014051733/http://www.musicmight.com/artist/holland/groningen/elexorien |archivedate=2012-10-14 |df= }}
21. ^{{cite journal|last1=Dieters|first1=Frank|title=Eluveitie - Spirit|journal=Lords of Metal|date=July–August 2006|issue=61|url=http://www.lordsofmetal.nl/en/reviews/view/id/7831|accessdate=January 3, 2017}}
22. ^{{cite web|last=Huey|first=Steve|title=Emperor|url={{Allmusic|class=artist|id=emperor-mn0000193342|tab=biography|pure_url=yes}}|work=Allmusic|publisher=Rovi Corporation|accessdate=3 March 2012}}
23. ^{{cite web |author=Bowar, Chad |title=Victory Songs review |url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/cdreviews/fr/ensiferumvictor.htm |publisher=About.com |accessdate=2009-03-13}}
24. ^{{cite web |author=Sanneh, Kelefa |title=On the Road to Spread the Word of Good, Old-Fashioned Evil |date=2007-11-08 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/08/arts/music/08ensl.html |publisher=New York Times |accessdate=2009-03-13}}
25. ^{{cite web |author=Bowar, Chad |title=Equilibrium |url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/equilibrium/Equilibrium.htm |publisher=About.com |accessdate=2009-03-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101015225220/http://heavymetal.about.com/od/equilibrium/Equilibrium.htm |archive-date=2010-10-15 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
26. ^{{cite web|author=Bowar, Chad |title=Heralding: The Fireblade review |url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/reviews/gr/falkenbach.htm |publisher=About.com |accessdate=January 3, 2017 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060215225908/http://heavymetal.about.com/od/reviews/gr/falkenbach.htm |archivedate=February 15, 2006 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
27. ^{{cite web|last1=Sharpe-Young|first1=Garry|title=Fejd|url=http://www.rockdetector.com/artist/sweden/lilla+edet/fejd1|website=MusicMight|accessdate=January 3, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170104000617/http://www.rockdetector.com/artist/sweden/lilla+edet/fejd1|archive-date=2017-01-04|dead-url=yes|df=}}
28. ^{{cite web|last1=Jervis|first1=Marcus|title=Finsterforst - Rastlos Review|url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/finsterforst/fr/Finsterforst-Rastlos-Review.htm|website=About.com|publisher=IAC|accessdate=May 10, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406094104/http://heavymetal.about.com/od/finsterforst/fr/Finsterforst-Rastlos-Review.htm|archive-date=2015-04-06|dead-url=yes|df=}}
29. ^{{cite journal|last1=Matthijssens|first1=Vera|title=Folkearth - By The Sword Of My Father|url=http://www.lordsofmetal.nl/en/reviews/view/id/8624|journal=Lords of Metal|accessdate=January 3, 2017|date=December 2006|issue=65}}
30. ^{{cite journal|last1=Sadeghi|first1=Nima|title=Folkodia - The Fall Of The Magog|url=http://www.lordsofmetal.nl/en/reviews/view/id/25047|journal=Lords of Metal|accessdate=January 3, 2017|date=August 2013|issue=138}}
31. ^{{cite web |author=Sharpe-Young, Garry |title=Forefather |publisher=MusicMight |url=http://www.musicmight.com/artist/uk/forefather |accessdate=2009-04-22 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120930100950/http://www.musicmight.com/artist/uk/forefather |archivedate=2012-09-30 |df= }}
32. ^{{cite web|last1=Schmidt|first1=Nadine|title=Glittertind - Djevelsvart|url=http://www.metal.de/reviews/glittertind-djevelsvart-55944/|website=Metal.de|publisher=Versus:Media UG|accessdate=January 3, 2017|language=German|date=November 19, 2013}}
33. ^{{cite web|last=Prato|first=Greg|title=Iron Will|url={{Allmusic|class=album|id=iron-will-mw0000789762|pure_url=yes}}|work=Allmusic|publisher=Rovi Corporation|accessdate=5 March 2012}}
34. ^{{cite web|last=Zed|first=Natalie|title=Heidevolk - Batavi Review|url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/heidevolk/fr/Heidevolk-Batavi-Review.htm|work=About.com|publisher=The New York Times Company|accessdate=5 March 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924073207/http://heavymetal.about.com/od/heidevolk/fr/Heidevolk-Batavi-Review.htm|archivedate=24 September 2015|df=}}
35. ^{{cite web|title=Hel|url=http://www.musicmight.com/artist/sweden/hel|work=MusicMight|accessdate=4 March 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140226081806/http://www.musicmight.com/artist/sweden/hel|archivedate=26 February 2014|df=}}
36. ^Hoad 2013, pg. 63.
37. ^1 {{cite web |author=Beck, Chris |title=The Patriot review |url=http://www.hmmagazine.com/reviews/album/h/holy_blood0208.php |publisher=HM |accessdate=2009-11-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120318234641/http://www.hmmagazine.com/reviews/album/h/holy_blood0208.php |archivedate=2012-03-18}} "Compared to their first two albums, The Patriot is slightly heavier and has a stronger Viking metal influence a la Slechtvalk."
38. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.metalglory.de/reviews.php?nr=25269|title=METALGLORY Magazine - Reviews - From Ashes To The Frozen Land CD Review Rezension|last=METALGLORY|first=Tomektor|website=www.metalglory.de|access-date=2017-03-13}}
39. ^1 {{cite web |author=Bowar, Chad |title=Kvass review |url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/cdreviews/gr/kampfar.htm |publisher=About.com |accessdate=2009-03-13}}
40. ^Hoad 2013, pg. 64.
41. ^{{cite web|last=Freeman|first=Phil|title=Njord|url={{Allmusic|class=album|id=njord-mw0000824417|pure_url=yes}}|work=Allmusic|publisher=Rovi Corporation|accessdate=5 March 2012}}
42. ^{{cite web |author=Rivadavia, Eduardo |title=Manegarm |url={{Allmusic|class=artist|id=månegarm-mn0000556891|pure_url=yes}} |publisher=Allmusic |accessdate=2009-03-13}}
43. ^{{cite web |author=Rivadavia, Eduardo |title=Falconer |url={{Allmusic|class=artist|id=falconer-mn0000167292|tab=biography|pure_url=yes}} |publisher=Allmusic |accessdate=2009-03-13}}
44. ^{{cite web|last1=Kalis|first1=Quentin|title=Myrkgrav - _Trollskau, Skromt Og Kolabrenning_|url=http://www.chroniclesofchaos.com/articles.aspx?id=2-4496|website=Chronicles of Chaos|accessdate=January 3, 2017|date=April 2, 2007}}
45. ^{{cite web |author=Bowar, Chad |title=Moonsorrow - Viides Luku: Hävitetty review |publisher=About.com |url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/cdreviews/fr/moonsorrowvilde.htm |accessdate=June 2010}}
46. ^{{cite web |url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/moonsorrow/Moonsorrow.htm |title=Moonsorrow |publisher=About.com |accessdate=June 2010}}
47. ^{{cite web|title=Obscurity - Tenkterra|url=http://sputnikmusic.com/review/40868/Obscurity-Tenkterra/|work=Sputnikmusic|accessdate=5 March 2012|author=Observer|date=24 December 2010}}
48. ^{{cite web|last1=Palmerston|first1=Sean|title=Primordial - To The Nameless Dead|url=http://exclaim.ca/Music/article/primordial-to_nameless_dead|website=Exclaim!|publisher=Ian Danzig|accessdate=May 10, 2015|date=January 26, 2008}}
49. ^{{cite web |author=Zed, Natalie |title=Skalmold - Baldur Review |publisher=About.com |url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/skalmold/fr/Skalmold-Baldur-Review.htm |accessdate=2012-01-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324003815/http://heavymetal.about.com/od/skalmold/fr/Skalmold-Baldur-Review.htm |archive-date=2012-03-24 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
50. ^{{cite web|last=Rivadavia|first=Eduardo|title=Skeletonwitch|url={{Allmusic|class=artist|id=skeletonwitch-mn0000609732|tab=biography|pure_url=yes}}|work=Allmusic|publisher=Rovi Corporation|accessdate=5 March 2012}}
51. ^{{cite journal |last=Van Pelt |first=Doug |authorlink=Doug Van Pelt |date=August 2010 |title=Top 100 Christian metal albums of all time |journal=HM Magazine |issn=1066-6923 |url=http://www.hmmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/booklet.pdf |format=pdf |volume= |issue= |page=25 |doi= |pmid= }}
52. ^{{cite web|last1=Taylor|first1=Laura Wiebe|title=Solefald - Black for Death: An Icelandic Odyssey Part II|url=http://exclaim.ca/music/article/solefald-black_for_death_icelandic_odyssey_part|website=Exclaim!|publisher=Ian Danzig|accessdate=May 10, 2015|date=February 27, 2007}}
53. ^{{cite web |author=Sharpe-Young, Garry |title=Storm |publisher=MusicMight |url=http://www.rockdetector.com/artist/norway/oslo/storm |accessdate=2009-03-13 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090112220216/http://www.rockdetector.com/artist/norway/oslo/storm |archivedate=2009-01-12 |df= }}
54. ^{{cite web|last1=Woolley|first1=Ellis|title=Svartsot - Mulmets Viser|url=http://www.rockfreaks.net/albums/2696|website=Rockfreaks.net|accessdate=January 3, 2017|date=March 21, 2010}}
55. ^{{cite journal|last1=Kiser|first1=Matt|title=The Sword is Mightier than the Pen|journal=CMJ New Music Monthly|date=January–February 2008|issue=153|page=23|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ESoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA23#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=December 13, 2014|publisher=CMJ Network|issn=1074-6978}}
56. ^{{cite web |author=Sharpe-Young, Garry |title=Thyrfing |url=http://www.musicmight.com/artist/sweden/stockholm/thyrfing |publisher=MusicMight |accessdate=2009-03-13 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403125724/http://www.musicmight.com/artist/sweden/stockholm/thyrfing |archivedate=2015-04-03 |df= }}
57. ^{{cite web |author=Serba, John |title=Vansinnesvisor review |publisher=Allmusic |url={{Allmusic|class=album|id=vansinnesvisor-mw0000227242|pure_url=yes}} |accessdate=2009-03-13}}
58. ^{{cite web |author=Bowar, Chad |title=Hels Vite review |url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/cdreviews/fr/thyrfinghels.htm |publisher=About.com |accessdate=2009-03-13 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527192425/http://heavymetal.about.com/od/cdreviews/fr/thyrfinghels.htm |archivedate=2011-05-27 |df= }}
59. ^{{cite web|last=Born|first=R.|title=Trollech|url=http://www.musicmight.com/artist/czech+republic/plzen/trollech|work=MusicMight|accessdate=4 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235726/http://www.musicmight.com/artist/czech+republic/plzen/trollech|archive-date=2016-03-03|dead-url=yes|df=}}
60. ^{{cite web |author=Bowar, Chad |title=The Varangian Way review |url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/cdreviews/fr/turisasvarangia.htm |publisher=About.com |accessdate=2009-03-13}}
61. ^{{cite web |author=Monger, James Christopher |title=Týr |publisher=Allmusic |url={{Allmusic|class=artist|id=týr-mn0000209725|tab=biography|pure_url=yes}} |accessdate=2009-03-13}}
62. ^{{cite web |author=Bowar, Chad |title=Eric the Red review |publisher=About.com |url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/cdreviews/gr/tyrericthered.htm |accessdate=2009-03-13 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080320001912/http://heavymetal.about.com/od/cdreviews/gr/tyrericthered.htm |archivedate=2008-03-20 |df= }}
63. ^1 2 {{cite web|last1=Dare|first1=Tom||title=There’s more to folk metal than warpaint and the hurdy gurdy|url=http://teamrock.com/feature/2014-12-28/there-s-more-to-folk-metal-than-warpaint-and-the-hurdy-gurdy|website=Metal Hammer|publisher=Teamrock|accessdate=January 3, 2017|date=December 28, 2014}}
64. ^{{cite web |author=Bowar, Chad |title=Hammer Battalion review |url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/cdreviews/fr/unleashedhammer.htm |publisher=About.com |accessdate=2009-03-13}}
65. ^{{cite web|last1=Walschots|first1=Natalie Zina|title=Vintersorg - Orkan|url=http://exclaim.ca/music/article/vintersorg-orkan|website=Exclaim!|accessdate=January 3, 2017|date=July 9, 2012}}
66. ^{{cite web |author=Sharpe-Young, Garry |title=Windir |url=http://www.rockdetector.com/artist/norway/sogndal/windir |publisher=MusicMight |accessdate=2009-03-13 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607074618/http://www.rockdetector.com/artist/norway/sogndal/windir |archivedate=2011-06-07 |df= }}
67. ^{{cite web|last=Rivadavia|first=Eduardo|title=A Pagan Storm|url={{Allmusic|class=album|id=a-pagan-storm-mw0001154906|pure_url=yes}}|work=Allmusic|publisher=Rovi Corporation|accessdate=5 March 2012}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Viking Metal Bands}}

3 : Viking metal|Viking metal musical groups|Lists of heavy metal bands
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