This is a chronological list of military conflicts in which Polish armed forces won or took place on Polish territory from the reign of Mieszko I (960–992) to the ongoing military operations.
This list does not include peacekeeping operations (such as UNPROFOR, UNTAES or UNMOP), humanitarian missions or training missions supported by the Polish Armed Forces.
The list gives the name, the date, the Polish allies and enemies, and the result of these conflicts following this legend:
During the Middle Ages, Poland sought to incorporate other fellow West Slavic peoples under the rule of the Polan dukes, such as Mieszko I, Boleslaw I Chrobry and their descendants, and then defend the lands acquired in the west from the Holy Roman Empire. In the east and south it struggled with Ruthenia, Bohemia and Tatar raiders. In the north-east, it encountered intermittent Lithuanian and Prussian raids.
For much of its early history as a Christian state, Poland had to contend with Pomeranians, Prussians, Lithuanians and other Baltic peoples in continuous border wars without clear results or end in sight. After the Teutonic Order conquered and assimilated the Prussians, it began incursions into both Polish and Lithuanian territories. This represented a far greater threat to both Poland and Lithuania, and the two countries united in a defensive alliance by the crowning of the Lithuanian Duke Jogaila as King of Poland (as Władysław II) which led to a major confrontation at the Battle of Grunwald in 1410 and subsequent wars until 1525, when the Order became a vassal to the Polish Crown.
| Date | Conflict | Allies | Enemies | Result | | 1387 | Jadwiga of Poland's raid on Red Ruthenia | Kingdom of Poland | Kingdom of Hungary | Polish victory |
| 1387 | Polish conquest of Moldavia | Kingdom of Poland | Principality of Moldavia | Polish victory- Poland receives a Black Sea coastline.
|
| 1390–1392 | Lithuanian Civil War | Jogaila{{-}} Kingdom of Poland | Vytautas{{-}} Teutonic Knights | Jogaila's victory |
| 1391 | Fights against Konrad II the Gray for Wschowa | Kingdom of Poland | Duchy of Oels | Polish victory |
| 1391–1401 | War against Władysław Opolczyk | Kingdom of Poland | Duchy of Opole | Polish victory |
| 1399 | Fights against Golden Horde- Battle of the Vorskla River
| Grand Duchy of Lithuania{{-}} Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Teutonic Knights{{-}} Principality of Moldavia | Golden Horde | Polish and Lithuanian defeat |
| 1409–1411 | Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War[3]- Battle of Grunwald
- Battle of Koronowo
| Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Teutonic Knights | First Peace of Thorn |
| 1414 | Hunger War | Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Teutonic Knights | Council of Constance |
| 1415–1419 | Hungarian–Osman War | Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Poland | Ottoman Empire}} | Hungarian/Polish victory |
| 1422 | Gollub War | Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Grand Duchy of Lithuania{{-}} Principality of Moldavia | Teutonic Knights | Treaty of Melno |
| 1431 | Moldavian raid on Podolia | Kingdom of Poland | Principality of Moldavia | Polish victory |
| 1431-1435 | Lithuanian Civil War (1431–35) | Grand Duchy of Lithuania (pro-Roman Catholic)
Kingdom of Poland
Hussites | Grand Duchy of Lithuania (pro-Eastern Orthodox)
Teutonic Knights
Livonian Order
Golden Horde
Principality of Moldavia | Polish victory |
| 1431–1435/39 | Polish–Teutonic War- Battle of Dąbki
- Battle of Kopystrzyń
- Battle of Wilkomierz
| Hussites{{-}} Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Sigismund Kęstutaitis | Teutonic Knights{{-}} Švitrigaila | Peace of Brześć Kujawski |
| 1435 | Odrowąż intervention in Moldavia | Kingdom of Poland
Iliaș | Stephen II | Iliaș victory |
| 1438 | Polish-Bohemian fights for Silesia | Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Kingdom of Bohemia{{-}} Kingdom of Hungary | Polish and Lithuanian defeat |
| 1438 | Tatar raid on Podolia | Kingdom of Poland | Crimean Khanate | Polish defeat |
| 1439 | Spytek of Melsztyn's confederation | Kingdom of Poland | Spytek of Melsztyn | Crushing of the confederation |
| 1440–1444 | Lithuanian-Masovian War for Podlasie | Duchy of Masovia | Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Indecisive |
| 1440–1442 | Civil War in Hungary | Władysław III of Poland{{-}} Kingdom of Poland | Elizabeth of Luxembourg | Władysław III's victory |
| 1443 | Battle of Nish (1443) | Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Kingdom of Hungary{{-}} Serbian Despotate | Ottoman Empire}} | Victory for the Christian contingent |
| 1443–1444 | Crusade of Varna- Long campaign
- Battle of Varna
| Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Kingdom of Hungary{{-}}others | Ottoman Empire}} | Polish-Hungarian defeat |
| 1444 | Battle of Kunovica | Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Kingdom of Hungary{{-}} Serbian Despotate | Ottoman Empire}} | Victory |
| 1449–1450 | Fights for Moldavian throne | Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Aleksander II of Moldavia | Bogdan II of Moldavia | Aleksander II's defeat |
| 1450–1454 | Fights of Land of Oświęcim | Kingdom of Poland | Duchy of Toszek | Polish victory |
| 1453 | Tatar raid on Podolia | Kingdom of Poland | Crimean Khanate | Polish victory |
| 1454–1466 | Thirteen Years' War[4]- Battle of Chojnice
- Battle of Świecino
- Battle of Vistula Lagoon
- other battles
| Prussian Confederation{{-}} Kingdom of Poland | Teutonic Knights{{-}} Livonian Brothers of the Sword{{-}} Kingdom of Denmark | Second Peace of Thorn |
| 1457–1458 | Rebellion of unpaid mercenaries | Kingdom of Poland | Duchy of Oświęcim{{-}}Mercenaries | Payment of salaries |
| 1469 | Tatar raid on Podolia | Kingdom of Poland | Crimean Khanate | Polish defeat |
| 1471 | Tatar raid on Podolia | Kingdom of Poland | Crimean Khanate | Polish defeat |
| 1471–1474 | Polish-Hungarian War | Kingdom of Poland | Kingdom of Hungary | Indecisive |
| 1474 | Polish-Bohemian raid on Silesia | Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Kingdom of Bohemia | Kingdom of Hungary | Polish and Bohemian defeat |
| 1475 | Battle of Vaslui | Moldavia}}
Kingdom of Poland
Kingdom of Hungary | Ottoman Empire}} | Victory |
| 1476 | Polish raid on Prussia | Kingdom of Poland | Teutonic Knights | Polish victory |
| 1476–1482 | War of Succession of Głogów | Kingdom of Poland | Margraviate of Brandenburg | Polish victory |
| 1478–1479 | War of the Priests | Kingdom of Poland | Nicolaus von Tüngen{{-}} Teutonic Knights | Polish victory |
| 1485–1503 | Polish-Ottoman War- Battle of Kopystrzyń
- Battle of Zasław
- Battle of the Cosmin Forest
| Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Ottoman Empire|1453}}{{-}} Principality of Moldavia{{-}} Crimean Khanate | Polish defeat |
| 1490–1492 | Fights for Hungarian throne- Battle of Koszyce
- Battle of Preszów
| John I Albert | Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary | Vladislaus II's victory |
| 1495 | Polish raid on Płock | Kingdom of Poland | Duchy of Masovia | Polish victory |
| 1500–1503 | Second Muscovite–Lithuanian War | Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Grand Duchy of Moscow | Lithuanian defeat |
| 1501 | Polish raid on Prussia | Kingdom of Poland | Teutonic Knights | Interruption of the expedition because of king's death |
| 1502–1510 | Polish-Moldavian War- Battle of Czerniowce
- Battle of Chocim
| Kingdom of Poland | Principality of Moldavia | Polish victory |
| 1506 | Tatar raid on Poland and Lithuania[5] | Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Crimean Khanate | Polish-Lithuanian victory |
| 1507–1508 | Third Muscovite-Lithuanian War | Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Grand Duchy of Moscow | Lithuanian victory |
| 1512 | Tatar raid on Poland | Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Crimean Khanate | Polish victory |
| 1512–1522 | Fourth Muscovite-Lithuanian War- Battle of Orsha
- Siege of Polotsk
| Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Grand Duchy of Moscow | Lithuanian defeat |
| 1516 | Tatar raid on Podolia and Ruthenia | Kingdom of Poland | Crimean Khanate | Polish defeat |
| 1519 | Tatar raid on Podolia and Ruthenia | Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Crimean Khanate | Polish defeat |
| 1519–1521 | Polish–Teutonic War | Kingdom of Poland | Teutonic Knights | Treaty of Kraków |
| 1524 | Ottoman-Tatar raid on Podolia | Kingdom of Poland | Ottoman Empire|1453}}{{-}} Crimean Khanate | Polish defeat |
| 1526 | Tatar raid on Poland and Lithuania | Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Crimean Khanate | Polish defeat |
| 1528 | Habsburgian raid on Spisz | Kingdom of Poland | Kingdom of Hungary | Polish defeat |
| 1528 | Tatar raid on Podolia | Kingdom of Poland | Crimean Khanate | Polish victory |
| 1530–1531 | Polish-Moldavian War- Battle of Chocim
- Battle of Gwoździec
- Battle of Obertyn
| Kingdom of Poland | Principality of Moldavia | Polish victory |
| 1534–1537 | Fifth Muscovite-Lithuanian War- Battle of Radohoszcz
- Siege of Starodub
| Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Grand Duchy of Moscow | Indecisive |
| 1535 | Moldavian raid on Podolia and Pokuttya | Kingdom of Poland | Principality of Moldavia | Polish defeat |
| 1537 | Chicken War | Kingdom of Poland | Nobility | End of rebellion |
| 1538 | Polish-Moldavian War- Battle of Seret
- Siege of Chocim
| Kingdom of Poland | Principality of Moldavia | Indecisive |
| 1549 | Tatar raid on Volhynia and Red Ruthenia | Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Crimean Khanate | Polish defeat |
| 1550 | Moldavian raid on Bar | Kingdom of Poland | Principality of Moldavia | Polish victory |
| 1552 | Sieniawski intervention in Moldavia | Kingdom of Poland
Alexandru Lăpușneanu | Ioan Joldea | Alexandru victory |
| 1557 | Zygmunt II August's raid on Livonia | Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Livonian Brothers of the Sword | Polish victory |
| 1557 | Tatar raid on Podolia | Kingdom of Poland | Crimean Khanate | Polish defeat |
| 1558-1583 | Livonian War | Livonian Confederation{{-}} Kingdom of Poland{{-}} Denmark–Norway{{-}} Swedish Empire | Tsardom of Russia{{-}} Kingdom of Livonia | Polish victory |
| 1561–1570 | Northern Seven Years' War- Livonian War
- other battles
| Denmark}} Denmark–Norway{{-}} Free City of Lübeck | Sweden|1562}} Kingdom of Sweden | Treaty of Stettin |
The 17th century saw fierce rivalry between the then major Eastern European powers – Sweden, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire. At its heyday, the Commonwealth comprised the territories of present-day Poland, and large parts of Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Russia, and represented a major European power. However, by the end of the 18th century a series of internal conflicts and wars with foreign enemies led to the dissolution of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the partitioning of most of its dependent territories among other European powers.
During the 18th century, European powers (most frequently consisting of Russia, Sweden, Prussia and Saxony) fought several wars for the control of the territories of the former Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. At the end of the 18th century, some Poles attempted to defend Poland from growing foreign influence in the country's internal affairs. These late attempts to preserve independence eventually failed, ultimately ending in Poland's partition and the final dissolution of the remains of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
| Date | Conflict | Allies | Enemies | Result | | 1571 | Danish attack on Poland | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Denmark}} Kingdom of Denmark | Polish–Lithuanian defeat |
| 1572 | Mikołaj Mielecki's raid on Moldavia | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Ottoman Empire}}{{-}}{{flagicon|Moldavia}} Principality of Moldavia | Polish–Lithuanian defeat |
| 1575 | Tatar raid on Red Ruthenia and Podolia | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Ottoman Empire}}{{-}} Crimean Khanate | Polish–Lithuanian defeat |
| 1575 | Russian invasion of Livonia | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Tsardom of Russia | Polish–Lithuanian defeat |
| 1576–77 | Danzig rebellion- Battle of Lubieszów
- Siege of Danzig
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | City of Danzig | Polish–Lithuanian victory |
| 1577 | Tatar raid on Podolia, Red Ruthenia and Volhynia | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Ottoman Empire}}{{-}} Crimean Khanate | Polish–Lithuanian defeat |
1577–82- 1577–78
- 1579–82
- 1579
- 1580
- 1580
- 1581–82
| Livonian campaign of Stephen Báthory[6]- Battles of Wenden
- Three Stephen Báthory's raids
- Siege of Polotsk
- Siege of Velikiye Luki
- Battle of Toropets
- Siege of Pskov
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth{{-}} Principality of Transylvania | Tsardom of Russia | Truce of Jam Zapolski |
| 1578 | Tatar raid on Podolia, Red Ruthenia and Volhynia | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Crimean Khanate | Polish–Lithuanian defeat |
| 1587–88 | War of the Polish Succession[7]- Siege of Kraków
- Battle of Byczyna
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | AUT}} Archduchy of Austria | Maximilian III's defeat |
| 1589 | Tatar raid on Poland | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Crimean Khanate | Polish–Lithuanian defeat |
| 1591–93 | Kosiński Uprising | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Cossacks | Crushing of the rebellion |
| 1594–96 | Nalyvaiko Uprising- Battle of Bila Tserkva
- Battle of Ostry Kamień
- Battle of Sołonica
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Cossacks | Crushing of the rebellion |
| 1595 | Jan Zamoyski's raid on Moldavia- Battle of Cecora
- Battle of Suceava
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Ottoman Empire}}{{-}} Crimean Khanate{{-}}{{flagicon|Moldavia}} Principality of Moldavia | Polish–Lithuanian victory |
| 1598–99 | War against Sigismund- Battle of Stegeborg
- Battle of Stångebro
- Battle of Stang
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Sweden|1562}} Swedish Empire | Sigismund III Vasa's defeat |
| 1599–1600 | Fights against Michael the Brave- Battle of Selimbar
- Battle of Bukowo
- Battle of Arges river
| Moldavia}} Ieremia Movilă | Wallachia}} Principality of Wallachia{{-}} Principality of Transylvania | Polish–Lithuanian victory |
| 1600–11 | Polish–Swedish War- Battle of Kircholm
- other battles
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Sweden|1562}} Swedish Empire | Indecisive |
1605–18- 1605
- 1608–10
- 1609-11
- 1610
| Polish–Muscovite War (Dymitriads)- Battle of Dobrynichi
- Siege of Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra
- Siege of Smolensk
- Battle of Klushino
- other battles
| Szlachta | Tsardom of Russia | Truce of Deulino |
| 1606 | Tatar raid on Poland | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Crimean Khanate | Polish–Lithuanian victory |
| 1606–09 | Zebrzydowski Rebellion | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Nobility | Crushing of the rebellion |
| 1607 | Stefan Potocki's raid on Moldavia | Stefan Potocki | Moldavia}} Principality of Moldavia | Stefan Potocki's victory |
| 1612 | Stefan Potocki's raid on Moldavia | Stefan Potocki | Ottoman Empire}}{{-}} Crimean Khanate{{-}}{{flagicon|Moldavia}} Principality of Moldavia | Stefan Potocki's defeat |
| 1612 | Four Tatar raids on Poland- Battle of Mezyrów
- Battle of Bila Tserkva
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth{{-}} Zaporozhian Cossacks | Crimean Khanate | Polish–Lithuanian victory |
| 1615–16 | Samuel Korecki's raid on Moldavia- Battle of Khotyn
- Battle of Bendery
- Battle of Sasowy Róg
| Samuel Korecki | Ottoman Empire}}{{-}} Crimean Khanate{{-}}{{flagicon|Moldavia}} Principality of Moldavia | Polish defeat |
| 1617–18 | Polish–Swedish War | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Sweden|1562}} Swedish Empire | Indecisive |
| 1618 | Tatar raid on Poland | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Crimean Khanate | Polish–Lithuanian defeat |
| 1619 | Battle of Humenné | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Principality of Transylvania | Polish–Lithuanian victory |
| 1620–21 | Polish–Ottoman War- Battle of Cecora
- Battle of Khotyn
| Moldavia}} Principality of Moldavia | Ottoman Empire}}{{-}} Crimean Khanate{{-}}{{flagicon|Wallachia}} Principality of Wallachia | Treaty of Khotyn |
| 1621–26 | Polish–Swedish War- Battle of Mitawa
- Battle of Wallhof
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Sweden|1562}} Swedish Empire | Polish–Lithuanian defeat |
| 1624 | Tatar raid on Poland | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Crimean Khanate | Polish–Lithuanian victory |
| 1625 | Żmajło uprspring- Battle of Jezioro Krukowskie
- Battle of Cybulik
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Cossacks | Indecisive |
| 1626–29 | Polish–Swedish War- Battle of Gniew
- Battle of Oliwa
- other battles
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Sweden|1562}} Swedish Empire | Truce of Altmark |
| 1626 | Three Tatar raids on Poland | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Crimean Khanate | Polish–Lithuanian victory |
| 1628 | Five Tatar raids on Poland | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Crimean Khanate | Polish–Lithuanian victory |
| 1629 | Five Tatar raids on Poland | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Crimean Khanate | Polish–Lithuanian victory |
| 1630 | Fedorovych Uprising- Battle of Korsuń
- Battle of Perejasław
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Cossacks | Treaty of Pereyaslav |
| 1632–34 | Smolensk War | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Tsardom of Russia | Treaty of Polyanovka |
| 1633–34 | Polish–Ottoman War- Battle of Sasowy Róg
- Battle of Kamieniec Podolski
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Ottoman Empire}}{{-}} Crimean Khanate{{-}}{{flagicon|Wallachia}} Principality of Wallachia{{-}}{{flagicon|Moldavia}} Principality of Moldavia | Polish victory |
| 1635 | Sulima Uprising | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Cossacks | Crushing of the rebellion |
| 1637 | Pawluk Uprising | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Cossacks | Crushing of the rebellion |
| 1638 | Ostrzanin Uprising- Battle of Łubnie
- Battle of Żownin
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Cossacks | Crushing of the rebellion |
| 1640 | Tatar raid on Poland | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Crimean Khanate | Polish–Lithuanian defeat |
| 1643 | Tatar raid on Poland | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Crimean Khanate | Polish–Lithuanian victory |
| 1644 | Tatar raid on Poland | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Crimean Khanate | Polish–Lithuanian victory |
| 1645–1646 | Polish raid on Crimean Khanate | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Crimean Khanate | Polish–Lithuanian victory |
| 1648–55 | Khmelnytsky Uprising- Battle of Zhovti Vody
- Siege of Zbarazh
- Battle of Berestechko
- other battles
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth{{-}} Crimean Khanate (1654–1656) | Zaporozhian Cossacks{{-}} Crimean Khanate (1649–1654, 1656–1657) | Indecisive |
| 1651 | Kostka-Napierski Uprising | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Aleksander Kostka Napierski | Crushing of the rebellion |
| 1651 | Peasants' Revolt on Cistercian Ląd's Land | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Peasants | Crushing of the rebellion |
| 1654–67 | Russo-Polish War- Battle of Okhmativ
- Battle of Chudnov
- other battles
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth{{-}} Crimean Khanate | Tsardom of Russia{{-}} Cossack Hetmanate | Truce of Andrusovo |
1655–60- 1655–17
- 1655
- 1655
- 1656
- 1656
- 1657
- 1657
| Second Northern War- Deluge
- Battle of Ujście
- Siege of Jasna Góra
- Battle of Warka
- Battle of Warsaw
- George II Rákóczi's invasion
- other battles
| AUT}} Archduchy of Austria{{-}}{{flagicon|Denmark}} Denmark–Norway{{-}} Tsardom of Russia (1656–58){{-}}{{flag|Dutch Republic}}{{-}}others | Sweden|1562}} Swedish Empire{{-}} Brandenburg-Prussia{{-}} Cossack Hetmanate (1657){{-}} Principality of Transylvania{{-}} Tsardom of Russia{{-}}others | Treaty of Oliva |
| 1663-1664 | Austro-Turkish War (1663–64) | League of the Rhine:
{{Coat of arms|Kingdom of France}}
{{Coat of arms|Holy Roman Empire}}- {{Coat of arms|Electorate of Saxony}}
- {{Coat of arms|Brandenburg-Prussia}}
- {{Coat of arms|Electorate of Bavaria}}
- {{Coat of arms|Baden|text=Baden-Baden}}
- {{Coat of arms|Swabia}}
{{Coat of arms|Savoy|text=Piedmont-Savoy}}
{{Coat of arms|Kingdom of Hungary}}
{{Coat of arms|Croatia|text=Kingdom of Croatia}}
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | {{flag>Ottoman Empire}}
Crimean Khanate
{{Coat of arms|Moldavia}}
{{Coat of arms|Wallachia}} | Peace of Vasvár |
| 1665–66 | Lubomirski's Rokosz- Battle of Częstochowa
- Battle of Mątwy
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Nobility | Indecisive |
| 1666–71 | Polish–Cossack–Tatar War- Battle of Ściana
- Battle of Podhajce
- Battle of Bracław
- Battle of Kalnik
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Ottoman Empire}} | Indecisive |
| 1669–1670 | Podhale uprising | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Peasants | Crushing of the rebellion |
| 1672–76 | Polish–Ottoman War- Siege of Kamenets
- Battle of Khotyn
- other battles
| Wallachia}} Principality of Wallachia (1673) | Ottoman Empire}}{{-}} Crimean Khanate{{-}}{{flagicon|Moldavia}} Principality of Moldavia | Treaty of Żurawno |
| 1683–99 | Polish–Ottoman War (in the Holy League, part of Great Turkish War)- Battle of Vienna
- Battle of Podhajce
- other battles
| AUT}} Archduchy of Austria | Ottoman Empire}}{{-}} Crimean Khanate | Treaty of Karlowitz |
| 1686–1700 | Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700) | | Habsburg Empire
{{flagicon image>Chorągiew_królewska_króla_Zygmunta_III_Wazy.svg}} Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Cossack HetmanateOttoman Empire}}
Crimean Khanate | Victory- Russia gains possession of Azov
fortress of Taganrog
Pavlovsk and Mius.
|
| 1697 | François Louis's raid for Polish crown | Augustus II the Strong | François of Conti | Augustus II's victory |
| 1700 | Lithuanian Civil War | Nobility | Sapieha family | Defeat of Sapieha |
| 1700–21 | Great Northern War- Battle of Klissow
- Civil War in Poland
- Battle of Warsaw
- Battle of Kalisz
- other battles
| Denmark}} Denmark–Norway (1700, 1709–){{-}}{{flag|Electorate of Saxony}} (1700–06, 1709–){{-}} Augustus II the Strong (1700–04, 1709–){{-}} Cossack Hetmanate (1700–08, 1709–1721){{-}}{{flagicon|Prussia|1701}} Kingdom of Prussia (1715–){{-}}{{flagicon|Hanover|1692}} Electorate of Hanover (1715-){{-}}others | Sweden|1562}} Swedish Empire{{-}} Stanisław Leszczyński (1704–09){{-}}{{flag|Ottoman Empire}} (1710–14){{-}} Cossack Hetmanate (1708–09){{-}}others | Treaty of Nystad |
| 1702–04 | Palej Uprising | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Cossack Hetmanate | Crushing of the rebellion |
| 1715–16 | Tarnogród Confederation- Battle of Radogoszcza
- Battle of Ryczywół
- Battle of Sokal
- Battle of Leszno
- Battle of Kowalew
| Nobility | Electorate of Saxony}} | Silent Sejm |
| 1733–35 | War of the Polish Succession- Siege of Danzig
- Battle of Wyszecin
- Battle of Miechów
- other battles
| Stanisław Leszczyński{{-}}{{flagicon>France}} Kingdom of France{{-}}{{flagicon|Spain|1701}} Kingdom of Spain{{-}} Duchy of Savoy | Augustus III of Poland{{-}}{{flag>Habsburg Monarchy}}{{-}}{{flag|Russian Empire}}{{-}}{{flag|Electorate of Saxony}}{{-}}{{flagicon|Prussia|1701}} Kingdom of Prussia | Treaty of Vienna |
| 1734 | Haidamak Uprising, 1734 | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Haidamakas | Uprising suppressed. |
| 1750 | Haidamak Uprising, 1750 | {{flagicon>Russia}} Russian Empire | Haidamakas | Uprising suppressed. |
| 1764 | Civil War in Poland | Hetmans' Party | Russian Empire}} | Defeat of Hetmans' Party |
| 1768-69 | Koliyivshchyna | {{flagicon>Russia}} Russian Empire | Haidamakas | Victory |
| 1768–72 | Bar Confederation- Siege of Bar
- Koliyivshchyna
- Battle of Lanckorona
- other battles
| Russian Empire}} | Nobility{{-}} Haidamaka | First Partition of Poland |
| 1769 | Šiauliai revolt | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Peasants | Crushing of the rebellion |
| 1792-1797 | War of the First Coalition
Part of the French Revolutionary Wars | Kingdom of the French}} (until 1792)- {{flagicon|French First Republic}} French Republic (from 1792)
- {{flag|Spain|1785}} (from 1796)[2]
- {{flag|Batavian Republic}} (from 1795)[3]
- {{flagicon|Napoleonic Italy|transpadana}} French satellite states
Polish Legions (from 1797)[4]
| Habsburg Monarchy}} Austria- {{flag|Prussia|1750}} (until 1795)[5]
- {{flagcountry|Kingdom of Great Britain}}
- {{flagicon|Kingdom of France}} French Royalists
- {{flag|Spain|1785}} (until 1795)[5]
- {{flag|Portugal|1750}}
- {{flagcountry|Kingdom of Sardinia}} (until 1796)[6]
- {{flagcountry|Kingdom of Naples|1738}} and Sicily
- Other Italian states[7]
- {{flag|Dutch Republic}} (until 1795)[3]
- Newfoundland (1796)
| French victory;- Peace of Basel
- Treaty of Campo Formio
- Establishment and survival of the French Republic
- French annexation of the Austrian Netherlands, the Left Bank of the Rhine and other smaller territories
- Several French client republics established
- Hostilities resume in 1798 with the formation of a Second Coalition against France
|
| 1792 | Polish–Russian War of 1792- Battle of Mir
- Battle of Zelwa
- Battle of Zieleńce
- Battle of Dubienka
- Battle of Markuszów
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Russian Empire}} | Second Partition of Poland |
| 1794 | Kościuszko Uprising[16]- Battle of Racławice
- Warsaw Uprising
- Wilno Uprising
- Greater Poland Uprising
- Battle of Praga
- other battles
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | Habsburg Monarchy}}{{-}}{{flagicon|Prussia|1750}} Kingdom of Prussia{{-}}{{flag|Russian Empire}} | Third Partition of Poland |
Poles unsuccessfully struggled to win back their independence throughout the 19th century. At first, they put their hopes in Napoleon. Later, they tried to ignite national uprisings every now and then – most of them bloodily repressed.
In the turmoil of the First World War, Poles managed to regain independence and then to expand their territory in a series of local wars and uprisings; only to be occupied again during the next world war. The second half of the 20th century was more peaceful, but still tense, as Poland was involved in the Cold War on the Soviet side. Later, at the beginning of the 21st century Poland is involved in the War against terrorism on the NATO side.
| Date | Conflict | Allies | Enemies | Result | | 1918 | Finnish Civil War | Flag of Finland 1918 (state).svg|size=23px}} White Finland
{{flag|German Empire|name=Germany|size=23px}}
{{flag|Sweden|size=23px}}
{{flag|Estonia|size=23px}}
{{flagicon|Poland|size=23px}} Poland | Red flag.svg|size=23px}} Red Finland
{{flag|Russian SFSR|1918|name=Russia|size=23px}} | Victory- Victory of the White Senate of Finland
- Russian military presence ceased
- German hegemony until November 11, 1918
|
| 1918–1919 | Polish–Ukrainian War- Battle of Lwów
- Battle of Przemyśl
- Chortkiv offensive
| POL}} Second Polish Republic{{-}}{{flagicon|ROU}} Kingdom of Romania | Ukraine}} West Ukrainian People's Republic{{-}}{{flag|Ukrainian People's Republic}} | Polish victory |
| 1918–1919 | Greater Poland Uprising | POL}} Poles | Weimar Republic}} Germans | Polish victory |
| 1918–1919 | Polish-German skirmishes | POL}} Second Polish Republic | Weimar Republic}} Weimar Republic | Indecisive |
| 1919 | Polish coup attempt | POL}} Legal government | POL}} National Democracy | Failure of coup |
| 1919 | Polish–Czechoslovak War | POL}} Second Polish Republic | Czechoslovakia | Czechoslovakia annexes Zaolzie |
| 1919 | Bender Uprising | Romania}} Kingdom of Romania
Supported by:
{{flagicon|France}} France
Only police troops
{{flagicon|Poland}} Poland | {{flagicon image>Red flag.svg}} Hungarian Soviet Republic
Supported by:
{{flag|Russian SFSR|1918}}
{{flag|Ottoman Empire}} | Romanian victory |
| 1919–1920/21 | Polish–Soviet War- Vilna offensive
- Kiev Offensive
- Battle of Warsaw
- Battle of the Niemen River
- other battles
| POL}} Second Polish Republic{{-}}{{flag|Ukrainian People's Republic}}{{-}}{{flagicon|France}} France | Russian SFSR|1918}} Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic{{-}}{{flagicon|Ukrainian SSR|1927}} Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic | Polish victory{{-}}Peace of Riga[14], Ukrainian defeat[15] |
| 1919–1921 | Silesian Uprisings- Olesno Uprising
- First Silesian Uprising
- Second Silesian Uprising
- Third Silesian Uprising
| POL}} Poles | Weimar Republic}} | Polish defeat (I){{-}}Polish victory (II){{-}}Indecisive (III) |
| 1919–1920[16] | Polish–Lithuanian War- Sejny Uprising
- Żeligowski's Mutiny
| POL}} Second Polish Republic | Lithuania|1918}} Lithuania | Polish victory |
| 1923 | Kraków riot | POL}} Second Polish Republic | Workers | Crushing of the rebellion |
| 1926 | May Coup | POL}} Government{{-}}Stanisław Wojciechowski | POL}} Sanation{{-}}Józef Piłsudski | Józef Piłsudski's victory |
| 1932 | Lesko uprising | POL|1928}} Sanation | Peasants | Crushing of the rebellion |
| 1938 | Capture of Zaolzie | POL|1928}} Second Polish Republic | Czechoslovakia}} | Polish victory |
| 1939 | World War II – Invasion of Poland- Battle of Westerplatte
- Battle of the Border
- Battle of Wizna
- Siege of Warsaw
- Battle of the Bzura
- Battle of Lwów
- Battle of Szack
- Battle of Tomaszów Lubelski
- Battle of Kock
- other battles
| POL|1928}} Second Polish Republic | Nazi Germany}}{{-}}{{flag|Soviet Union|1936}}{{-}}{{flagicon|Slovak Republic (1939–1945)}} Slovakia | Polish defeat |
1939–1945- 1939–1940
- 1940
- 1942–1943
- 1943–1944
- 1944
- 1945
| World War II – Polish resistance movement- Hubal's fight
- Czortków Uprising
- Zamość Uprising
- Operation Tempest
- Battle of Kuryłówka
- Armia Krajowa Actions
| Polish Underground State- Home Army
- Peasants' Battalions
- National Armed Forces
- others
| Nazi Germany}}{{-}}{{flag|Soviet Union|1936}} (1939–41, after 1944) | Partial liberation of Poland |
1939–1945- 1939–1945
- 1940
- 1940
- 1940
- 1941–1945
- 1943-1945
- 1944–1945
| World War II – Polish Armed Forces- Battle of the Atlantic
- Norwegian Campaign
- Battle of France
- Battle of Britain
- Mediterranean theatre of World War II
- Siege of Tobruk
- Battle of Gazala
- Italian Campaign
- Western Front
- Falaise pocket
- Hill 262
- Operation Market Garden
- other battles
| POL|1928}} Polish government-in-exile{{-}}{{flag|United Kingdom}}{{-}}{{flag|United States|1912}}{{-}}{{flag|Canada|1921}}{{-}}{{flag|Australia}}{{-}}{{flag|New Zealand}}{{-}}{{flag|Union of South Africa|name=South Africa}}{{-}}{{flag|French Third Republic|name=France}} (1939-1940){{-}}{{flag|Free France}} (1940-1944){{-}}{{flagicon|France}} France (from 1944){{-}}{{flagicon|Czechoslovakia}} Czechoslovakia{{-}}{{flagicon|Belgium}} Belgium{{-}}{{flagicon|Netherlands}} Netherlands{{-}}{{flagicon|Norway}} Norway{{-}}{{flagicon|Kingdom of Greece}} Greece{{-}}{{flagicon|Luxembourg}} Luxembourg{{-}}{{flag|Kingdom of Italy}} (from 1943){{-}}Allies | Nazi Germany}}{{-}}{{flag|Kingdom of Italy}} (until 1943){{-}}{{flag|Italian Social Republic}} (from 1943){{-}}Axis
Co-belligerents:{{-}} {{flag|Vichy France}} (1940-1944) | Potsdam Conference |
| 1943–1945 | World War II – Eastern Front- Battle of Lenino
- Battle of Studzianki
- Battle of Kolberg
- Battle of Berlin
- Battle of Bautzen
| Soviet Union|1936}}{{-}}{{flagicon|POL|1928}} Poland{{-}}- Polish Committee of National Liberation
- State National Council
- The Republic of Poland
{{-}}{{flagicon|Czechoslovakia}} Czechoslovakia{{-}}{{flagicon|Democratic Federal Yugoslavia}} Yugoslavia (from 1944)
{{-}}{{flag|Kingdom of Romania|name=Romania}} (from 1944){{-}}{{flag|Finland}} (from 1944){{-}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Bulgarian Homeland Front.svg}} Bulgaria (from 1944){{-}}{{flagicon|Kingdom of Hungary|1920}} Hungary (from 1945)
Supported by:{{-}}{{flag|United States|1912}}{{-}}{{flag|United Kingdom}}{{-}}{{flag|Free France}} | Nazi Germany}}{{-}}{{flag|Kingdom of Romania|name=Romania}} (until 1944){{-}}{{flag|Kingdom of Hungary|1920|name=Hungary}} (until 1945){{-}}{{flag|Kingdom of Italy}} (until 1943){{-}}{{flagicon|Slovak Republic (1939–1945)}} Slovakia{{-}}{{flag|Independent State of Croatia|name=Croatia}}
Co-belligerents:{{-}} {{flag|Kingdom of Bulgaria|name=Bulgaria}} (until 1944){{-}}{{flag|Finland}} (until 1944){{-}}{{flag|Francoist Spain|1938|name=Spain}} (until 1943) | Potsdam Conference- Borders of Poland adjusted.
|
| 1944–1949 | World War II – Fights against Ukrainian Insurgent Army- Battle of Leszczawa Górna
| Soviet Union|1936}}{{-}}{{flagicon|POL|1928}} The Republic of Poland{{-}}{{flag|Czechoslovakia}} | Ukrainian Insurgent Army | Crushing of the rebellion |
| 1944–1956 | Fights against Cursed soldiers- Augustów roundup
- Battle of Kuryłówka
- Attack on the NKVD Camp in Rembertów
| POL|1928}} The Republic of Poland{{-}}{{flag|Soviet Union|1936}} | Polish Underground State:{{-}}- Freedom and Independence
- NIE
- National Military Union
- others
| Crushing of the anti-soviet underground organizations |
| 1945 | Polish–Czechoslovak border conflict of Kłodzko | POL|1928}} The Republic of Poland | Czechoslovakia}} | Indecisive |
| 1956 | Poznań protests | POL|1928}} People's Republic of Poland | Anti-communist civilian protesters | State military victory- Beginning of the political thaw
|
| 1968 | Invasion of Czechoslovakia | Warsaw Pact:{{-}}{{flag>Soviet Union}}{{-}}{{flagicon|POL|1928}} People's Republic of Poland{{-}}{{flagicon|Hungary}} People's Republic of Hungary{{-}}{{flagicon|Bulgaria|1967}} People's Republic of Bulgaria{{-}}{{flag|East Germany}} | Czechoslovakia}} | Warsaw Pact victory- Moscow Protocol, Soviet military presence until 1991
|
| 1990–1991 | Gulf War | Coalition of the Gulf War:{{-}}{{flagicon>POL}} Poland{{-}}{{flagicon|USA}} United States of America{{-}}{{flagicon|FRA}} France | IRQ}} Iraq | Coalition victory |
| 1994-1995 | Operation Uphold Democracy | USA}} United States of America{{-}}{{flagicon|POL}} Poland{{-}}{{flagicon|ARG}} Argentina | Haiti}} Haiti | Coalition victory |
| 2001–present | War on Terror- War in Afghanistan
- Operation Achilles
- Operation Eagle's Feather
- Iraq War
- Battle of City Hall
- Operation Black Eagle
| USA}}{{-}}{{flag|United Kingdom}}{{-}}{{flag|Poland}}{{-}}others | al-Qaeda}}{{-}} Taliban{{-}}others | Ongoing- Fall of the Taliban government in Afghanistan
- Destruction of al-Qaeda camps
- Taliban insurgency
- War in North-West Pakistan
- Killing of Osama bin Laden
- Fall of the Ba'ath Party government in Iraq
- Execution of Saddam Hussein
- Free elections
- Ongoing insurgency
|
| 2013-2014 | Operation Serval
part of 2012 Northern Mali conflict and the War on Terror | Mali}}
{{flag|France}}
{{flag|Nigeria}}
{{flag|Sierra Leone}}
{{flag|Poland}}
{{flagicon|Azawad}} MNLA | Flag of Jihad.svg}} Islamic militants | Victory- All major cities controlled by French and Malian troops.
- France launched Operation Barkhane on 1 August 2014.
|
1. ^Nicolle, p. 8
2. ^Re-entered the war as an ally of France after signing the Second Treaty of San Ildefonso.
3. ^1 The French Revolutionary Army overthrew the Dutch Republic and established the Batavian Republic as a puppet state in its place.
4. ^Formed in French-allied Italy in 1797, following the abolition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth after the Third Partition in 1795.
5. ^1 Left the war after signing the Peace of Basel with France.
6. ^Left the war after signing the Treaty of Paris with France.
7. ^Virtually all of the Italian states, including the neutral Papal States and the Republic of Venice, were conquered following Napoleon's invasion in 1796 and became French satellite states.
8. ^Officially neutral but Danish fleet was attacked by Britain at the Battle of Copenhagen.
9. ^Abolished following the restoration of the neutral Papal States in 1799.
10. ^Short lived state that replaced the Kingdom of Naples in 1799.
11. ^Nominally the Holy Roman Empire, of which the Austrian Netherlands and the Duchy of Milan were under direct Austrian rule. Also encompassed many other Italian states, as well as other Habsburg states such as the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
12. ^1 Joined the Confederation of the Rhine on 11 December 1806.
13. ^also called Polish–Russian War of 1830–31
14. ^Russian and Polish historians tend to assign victory to their respective countries. Outside assessments vary, mostly between calling the result a Polish victory or inconclusive. Lenin, in his secret report to the 9th Conference of the Bolshevik Party on 20 September 1920, called the outcome of the war, "In a word, a gigantic, unheard-of defeat."
15. ^{{cite book| author=Kubijovic, V. | title=Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopedia| location= Toronto | publisher= University of Toronto Press | year = 1963 }}
16. ^Lithuanian historiography:Spring 1919 – November 29, 1920Polish historiography:September 1 – October 7, 1920
17. ^1 Lawson (2004), p. 49.
18. ^1 Sikorski (1972), pp. 203–214.
19. ^1 Sikorski (1972), pp. 283–291.
20. ^1 Sikorski (1972), pp. 291–292.
21. ^1 Sikorski (1972), pp. 299–301.
22. ^1 Sikorski (1972), pp. 301–311.
23. ^1 Sikorski (1972), pp. 435–451.
24. ^1 Sikorski (1972), pp. 469–490.