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词条 Old Royal High School
释义

  1. Construction and Royal High School

  2. Scottish devolution

  3. Prospective and future uses

  4. Notes

  5. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2013}}{{Use British English|date=August 2013}}{{about|the proposed site of the Scottish Assembly|the present building housing the devolved Scottish Parliament|Scottish Parliament building}}

The Old Royal High School, also known as New Parliament House, is a 19th-century neoclassical building on Calton Hill in the city of Edinburgh. The building was constructed for the use of the city's Royal High School, and gained its alternative name as a result of a proposal in the 1970s for it to house a devolved Scottish Assembly.

After the Old Royal High School was vacated in 1968, the building became available and was refurbished to accommodate a new devolved legislature for Scotland. However, the 1979 devolution referendum failed to provide sufficient backing for a devolved assembly. Its debating chamber was later used for meetings of the Scottish Grand Committee, the committee of Members of Parliament in the United Kingdom House of Commons with constituencies in Scotland. Subsequently, the building has been used as offices for departments of Edinburgh City Council, including The Duke of Edinburgh's Award unit[1] and the Sports and Outdoor Education unit.[2]

With the passage of the Scotland Act 1998 and the introduction of Scottish devolution in 1999, the Old Royal High School was again mooted as a potential home for the new Scottish Parliament. Eventually, however, the Scotland Office decided to site the new legislature in a purpose-built structure in the Holyrood area of the Canongate. A number of uses have been suggested for the building, including a home for a Scottish National Photography Centre. In 2015, The City of Edinburgh Council, which currently owns the building, has initiated a project to lease it to be used as a luxury hotel. Edinburgh's original Parliament House is in the Old Town just off the Royal Mile and currently houses the Court of Session. These were the buildings of the former Parliament of Scotland which existed before the formation of the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707 and the foundation of a British Parliament sitting at London's Palace of Westminster.

Construction and Royal High School

The A-listed building was erected for the Royal High School between 1826 and 1829 on the south face of Calton Hill as part of Edinburgh's Acropolis, at a cost to the Town Council of £34,000.[3] Of this £500 was given by King George IV 'as a token of royal favour towards a School, which, as a royal foundation, had conferred for ages incalculable benefits on the community'.[4]

It was designed in a neo-classical Greek Doric style by Thomas Hamilton, who modelled the portico and Great Hall on the Hephaisteion of Athens.[5] Paired with St. George's Hall, Liverpool, as one of the ‘two finest buildings in the kingdom’ by Alexander Thomson in 1866, it has been praised as 'the architect's supreme masterpiece and the finest monument of the Greek revival in Scotland'.[6][7]

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Scottish devolution

After the school relocated to larger modern premises at Barnton in 1968, the vacated building was considered by the Scottish Office as a home for the Scottish Parliament. The School's Great Hall was converted to a debating chamber prior to the failed 1979 devolution referendum.[8] In 1994 Edinburgh City Council reacquired the complex from the Scottish Office for £1.75m.[9]

Following the successful referendum in 1997, the Secretary of State for Scotland, Donald Dewar, accepted an alternative proposal to erect a new Parliament building at Holyrood, reportedly due to concern that the Old Royal High School had become a 'nationalist shibboleth'.[10] Critics also contended that the Calton Hill site was relatively inaccessible, lacked sufficient office space, and would be difficult to secure against a terrorist attack.[11][12]

The Under-Secretary of State, Lord Sewel, remarked of this decision: ‘Many people understandably assumed that the Old Royal High School building on Calton Hill would be the automatic choice for the site. As I say, that is perfectly understandable given that it was prepared for a similar purpose, to house a parliament in the 1970s. During the wasted years of the previous Administration, it remained a symbol of hope in Scotland. Clearly, there is great sentimental attachment to it in the hearts of the people of Scotland. However, time has moved on since then, in much the same way as our vision of a parliament has evolved.’[13]

Prospective and future uses

In 2004, Edinburgh City Council gave its support to a plan by HM The Queen's former royal press secretary, Michael Shea, to use the Old Royal High School as a Scottish National Photography Centre at a cost of £20 million. The proposal failed to gain the support of the Heritage Lottery Fund, seen as a key funder.[14][15][16]

In 2010 Edinburgh City Council announced a plan to use the building as a hotel and public art gallery, described as an "arts hotel". The cost was estimated at £35 million, and Duddingston House Properties (DHP) were awarded the project to prepare a design. DHP were awarded a conditional 125-year lease[17] with the City Council retaining ownership of the building.[17]

In 2015, another proposal was brought forward to use the building as a luxury hotel at an estimated cost of £55 million.[19] The plan, put forward by DHP and Urbanist Hotels, involved the construction of two additional six-story wings on either side of the building in a modern architectural style and the hotel would be managed by Rosewood Hotels & Resorts.[18][19] It was opposed by Scotland's national heritage agency Historic Scotland,[20] Edinburgh's civic trust, the Cockburn Association,[21] the Architectural Heritage Society of Scotland, Edinburgh City Council planning department and over 1,700 people who sent in objections.[22][23][24][25] The Royal High School Preservation Trust also put forward an alternative plan costing over £25 million[26] in 2015 to use the building to house St Mary's Music School.[27]. The headteacher of the St. Mary's Music School, Dr Kenneth Taylor, estimated the cost in the region of £35 million.[28] An American philanthropist, Carol Colburn Grigor, pledged to underwrite this proposal through the Dunard Fund.[29] In 2015 the Dunard Fund gave the Royal High School Preservation Trust £1.5 million held in a restricted reserve which can be released only for expenditure connected to purchasing the building.[30] The Dunard Fund has the power to appoint 5 of the 6 Trustees of the Royal High School Presevation Trust.[31] The Fund has two major projects it intends to support and, "therefore, as a matter of strategy, the trustees are retaining a substantial part of available funds at present."[32]

Edinburgh Council rejected the hotel plans in December 2015,[33] following which the developers appealed the decision to the Scottish Government in 2016[34] but then put the appeal on hold and submitted an alternative reduced plan.[35][36][37] Edinburgh Council accepted plans for the St. Mary's Music School in 2016[38] but the hotel developers said their 2010 contract gave them sole rights to the site until 2022.[36] Over 3,000 people submitted objections to the alternative hotel plan put forward by the developers[39][40] and in August 2017, Edinburgh Council rejected the alternative hotel plan.[41][42] A public inquiry to determine the future use of the building opened on 4 September 2018.[43] During that inquiry, the Director of Edinburgh World Heritage, Adam Wilkinson, admitted to photo shopping a picture of the proposed hotel development that was shown to the public at a Save the Old Royal High School meeting at Central Hall in Tollcross in March 2017.[44] That meeting was held with the support of both Edinburgh World Heritage and the Cockburn Association.[45] The doctored image showed the proposed extensions to the school as significantly bigger than detailed in the submitted plans, indicating the proposals would have a greater impact on Calton Hill than was put forward by the developers.[46]

Notes

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.theawardinedinburgh.org/ |title=The DofE Award in Edinburgh |publisher=The Duke of Edinburgh Award |accessdate=2010-03-03}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://egfl.net/soeu/about.html |title=Sport and Outdoor Education - About The Unit |publisher=Edinburgh Grid For Learning |accessdate=2010-03-03}}
3. ^Murray, History, p. 45.
4. ^Barclay, Tounis Scule, p. 60.
5. ^Murray, History, p. 46.
6. ^David Watkin, ‘Elmes, Harvey Lonsdale (1814–1847)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2004. Retrieved on 5 September 2007.
7. ^Gavin Stamp, ‘Hamilton, Thomas (1784–1858)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. Retrieved on 2 November 2007.
8. ^Overview of New Parliament House
9. ^ ‘Royal High to become photography museum’, Sunday Times, 30 September 2001, Home News Section, p. 21 – Scotland News.
10. ^ Holyrood Inquiry (3.34), pp. 45-46. Retrieved on 3 September 2007.
11. ^ Kenny Farquharson and Joanne Robertson, ‘Calton Hill backers admit it is too small for parliament’, Sunday Times, 2 April 2000, Home News Section, p. 2 – Scotland News.
12. ^ David Denver, Scotland Decides: The Devolution Issue and the 1997 Referendum. London, Frank Cass, 2000, pp. 192-3. {{ISBN|0-7146-5053-6}}.
13. ^{{cite hansard | house=House of Lords | date = 12 November 1997 | column = 229 }}
14. ^ ‘Royal High to become photography museum’, Sunday Times, 30 September 2001, Home News Section, p. 21 – Scotland News.
15. ^ ‘Holyrood hold-up casts shadow over photography project’, The Times, 11 November 2005, Home News Section, p. 32 – Scotland.
16. ^Michael Blackley, 'Boost for £20m photo centre bid at Royal High'. Edinburgh Evening News, 7 August 2007. Retrieved on 4 September 2007.
17. ^'New life' for capital's landmark, BBC News, 3 February 2010. Retrieved on 4 February 2010.
18. ^1 {{cite news|title=Plans for Royal High School hotel unveiled|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-edinburgh-east-fife-34127524|accessdate=3 September 2015|publisher=BBC News, Edinburgh Fife & East Scotland|date=2 September 2015}}
19. ^{{cite web|title=Rosewood Edinburgh to open in 2018|url=http://www.incentivetravel.co.uk/news/scotland/28585-rosewood-edinburgh-to-open-in-2018|website=Incentive Travel|publisher=ITCM|date = 3 September 2015|accessdate=29 September 2015}}
20. ^{{cite news|last1=Amos|first1=Ilona|title=Black mark for high school developers|url=http://www.pressreader.com/uk/the-scotsman/20150921/281822872594435/TextView|accessdate=29 September 2015|publisher=The Scotsman|page = 12|date=21 September 2015}}
21. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Ferguson|first1=Brian|title=Royal High School hotel plan ‘will save building’|url=http://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/news/royal-high-school-hotel-plan-will-save-building-1-3704821|accessdate=3 September 2015|publisher=Edinburgh Evening News|date=28 February 2015}}
22. ^{{Cite web|url=https://citydev-portal.edinburgh.gov.uk/idoxpa-web/applicationDetails.do?activeTab=neighbourComments&keyVal=NTYAX6EWFPK00|title=Planning Application Comments; 15/03989/FUL {{!}} Change of use, alterations to and restoration of principal former Royal High School building..|last=|first=|date=2015-12-31|website=City of Edinburgh Council|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-09-01}}
23. ^{{cite news|last1=Morrison|first1=Richard|title=Edinburgh council is wrecking the city with these crass building schemes|url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/arts/article4593390.ece|accessdate=23 October 2015|publisher=The Times|date=23 October 2015}}
24. ^{{cite news|last1=Grant|first1=Alistair|title=Over 2000 objections to Royal High hotel plan|url=http://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/news/over-2000-objections-to-royal-high-hotel-plan-1-3917491|accessdate=15 October 2015|publisher=Edinburgh Evening News|date=15 October 2015}}
25. ^{{cite news|last1=Ferguson|first1=Brian|title=Battle brewing over Royal High School|url=http://www.scotsman.com/news/brian-ferguson-battle-brewing-over-royal-high-school-1-3705657|accessdate=3 September 2015|publisher=The Scotsman|date=3 September 2015}}
26. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle/culture/music/st-mary-s-royal-high-school-concert-venue-plans-unveiled-1-3968836|title=St Mary’s Royal High School concert venue plans unveiled|last=Ferguson|first=Brian|date=2015-12-07|website=|publisher=The Scotsman|access-date=2016-08-14}}
27. ^{{cite news|last1=Gourtsyannis|first1=Paris|title=Performances aid music school pitch for Royal High|url=http://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/news/education/performances-aid-music-school-pitch-for-royal-high-1-3803216|accessdate=3 September 2015|publisher=Edinburgh Evening News|date=16 June 2015}}
28. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-edinburgh-east-fife-45550485|title=Royal High site inquiry gets under way|date=2018-09-18|work=BBC News|access-date=2018-09-19|language=en-GB}}
29. ^{{cite news|last1=Ferguson|first1=Brian|title=Arts backer reveals rival Royal High School bid|url=http://www.scotsman.com/what-s-on/music/arts-backer-reveals-rival-royal-high-school-bid-1-3752667|accessdate=3 September 2015|publisher=The Scotsman|date=23 April 2015}}
30. ^{{Cite web|url=https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/SC504433/filing-history|title=ROYAL HIGH SCHOOL PRESERVATION TRUST - Filing history (free information from Companies House)|website=beta.companieshouse.gov.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-09-19}}
31. ^{{Cite web|url=https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/SC546564/filing-history|title=DUNARD FUND - Filing history (free information from Companies House)|website=beta.companieshouse.gov.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-09-19}}
32. ^{{Cite web|url=https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/SC546564/filing-history|title=DUNARD FUND - Filing history (free information from Companies House)|website=beta.companieshouse.gov.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-09-19}}
33. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-edinburgh-east-fife-35125552|title=Royal High School hotel plans rejected by Edinburgh councillors|last=|first=|date=2015-12-17|website=BBC News|publisher=|access-date=2016-08-14}}
34. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/our-region/edinburgh/city-centre/royal-high-hotel-developers-lodge-last-ditch-appeal-1-4076761|title=Royal High hotel developers lodge last-ditch appeal|last=Ferguson|first=Brian|date=2016-03-19|website=The Edinburgh Evening News|publisher=|access-date=2016-08-14}}
35. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/news/developers-to-unveil-new-plans-for-royal-high-hotel-1-4218150|title=Developers to unveil new plans for Royal High hotel|last=Ferguson|first=Brian|date=2016-09-01|website=Edinburgh Evening News|publisher=|access-date=2016-09-11}}
36. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/our-region/edinburgh/hotel-developers-launch-drastic-bid-to-win-planning-permission-for-royal-high-1-4276654|title=Hotel developers launch drastic bid to win planning permission for Royal High|last=|first=|date=2016-11-03|website=Edinburgh Evening News|publisher=|access-date=2016-11-18}}
37. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/fury-over-luxury-hotel-vandalism-at-royal-high-rtdnlfzww|title=Fury over luxury hotel ‘vandalism’ at Royal High|last=Mcaskill|first=Mark|date=2017-04-16|work=The Sunday Times|access-date=2017-04-17|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|language=en}}
38. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-edinburgh-east-fife-37115217|title=Edinburgh's Royal High School could become music school|date=2016-08-18|newspaper=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-11-18}}
39. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/scotland/top-heritage-bodies-call-for-rejection-of-old-royal-high-school-hotel-plan-0hvxqwmh2|title=Top heritage bodies call for rejection of Old Royal High School hotel plan|last=Wade|first=Mike|date=2017-08-31|work=|access-date=2017-09-01|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|language=en}}
40. ^  Scotsman, 21 August 2017
41. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/15507645.Edinburgh_s_old_Royal_High_School_hotel_plan_rejected/|title=Royal High School hotel plan rejected|last=Donnelly|first=Brian|date=2017-08-31|website=The Herald Scotland|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-09-01}}
42. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-edinburgh-east-fife-41097272|title=Edinburgh Royal High School hotel plans rejected|date=2017-08-31|work=BBC News|access-date=2017-09-01|language=en-GB}}
43. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-edinburgh-east-fife-45408981|title=Public inquiry to decide former Royal High School site|publisher=BBC|accessdate=2018-09-04|date=2018-09-04}}
44. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle/edinburgh-heritage-boss-apologises-for-misleading-photograph-1-4813898|title=Edinburgh heritage boss apologises for ‘misleading’ photograph|access-date=2018-10-21|language=en}}
45. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle/edinburgh-heritage-boss-apologises-for-misleading-photograph-1-4813898|title=Edinburgh heritage boss apologises for ‘misleading’ photograph|access-date=2018-10-21|language=en}}
46. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle/edinburgh-heritage-boss-apologises-for-misleading-photograph-1-4813898|title=Edinburgh heritage boss apologises for ‘misleading’ photograph|access-date=2018-10-21|language=en}}

External links

  • Hotel proposal
  • School proposal
  • [https://www.bcd-urbex.com/old-royal-high-school-new-parliament-house-edinburgh-scotland/ Photo gallery]
{{coord|55|57|13|N|3|10|49|W|type:edu_region:GB|display=title}}{{Buildings and Structures in Edinburgh}}

5 : New Town, Edinburgh|Calton Hill|Category A listed buildings in Edinburgh|Government buildings in Edinburgh|Neoclassical architecture in Scotland
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