| 词条 | Liu Xiang (scholar) |
| 释义 |
| name = Liu Xiang | image = Liu Xiang (Han scholar).PNG | image_size = 180px | birth_name = Liu Gengsheng | birth_date = 77 BCE | birth_place = Xuzhou, Han Dynasty | death_date = 6 BCE (aged 71) | death_place = | other_names = | relations=Liu Jiao (great great grandfather) Liu Fu (great grandfather) | father =Liu De, Marquis Miao of Yangcheng | issue =Liu Xin | known_for = Cataloguing the Imperial Library | occupation = Historian, writer, politician | religion = }}{{Infobox Chinese |t={{linktext|劉|向}}|s={{linktext|刘|向}} |p=Liú Xiàng |w=Liu Hsiang |mi={{IPAc-cmn|l|iu|2|-|x|iang|4}} |gr=Liou Shianq |j=Lau4 Hoeng3 |y=Làuh Heung | ci={{IPAc-yue|l|au|4|-|h|oeng|3}} |tl=Lâu Hiòng |mc=Ljuw Xjàng |oc-bs=*{{IPA|mə-ru n̥ang-s}} |altname=Liu Gengsheng |t2={{linktext|劉|更生}} |s2={{linktext|刘|更生}} |p2=Liú Gēngshēng |w2=Liu Kêng-shêng |altname3=Courtesy Name |c3={{linktext|子|政}} |p3=Zǐzhèng |w3=Tzu-chêng }} Liu Xiang (77–6{{nbsp}}BCE[1]), born Liu Gengsheng and bearing the courtesy name Zizheng, was a Chinese politician, historian, and writer of the Western Han Dynasty. Among his polymathic scholarly specialties were history, literary bibliography, and astronomy. He is particularly well known for his bibliographic work in cataloging and editing the extensive imperial library. LifeLiu Gengsheng was born in Xuzhou. Being a distant relative of Liu Bang, the founder of the Han dynasty, he was thus a member of the ruling dynastic clan (the Liu family). Liu Xiang's father ranked as a marquess.[2] Liu Xiang's son, Liu Xin, would continue the scholarly tradition of his father and his relative Liu An (the Prince of Huainan). By the beginning of Han Yuandi's reign, Liu Xiang was a member of a group of Confucian officials, including Xiao Wangzhi, who wished to limit the power of the emperor's female family member's relatives' clans, the Shi and the Xu. He ended up on the losing side of a power struggle between the powerful eunuchs Hong Gong and Shi Xian. Briefly imprisoned, Liu Xiang was terminated from official position, and he received no new appointments to office for the next fifteen years.[3] The succession of Emperor Cheng to the imperial throne was accompanied by a realignment of power among the various factions involved in government, and Liu Xiang was able to revive his official prospects. In 26 BCE, at the command of the emperor, Liu Xiang spent much of the rest of the 20-odd years of his life engaged in the massive bibliographic work of organizing the imperial library. This work was assisted by his son, Liu Xin, who finally completed the task after his father's death. WorksLiu compiled the first catalogue of the imperial library, the Abstracts {{nowrap|(t {{lang|zh|{{linktext|別|錄}}}},}} {{nowrap|s {{lang|zh|{{linktext|别|录}}}},}} Bielu), and is the first known editor of the Classic of Mountains and Seas (Shanhaijing), which was finished by his son.[4] Liu also edited collections of stories and biographies, including the Strategies of the Warring States (Zhanguoce), the New Prefaces ({{lang|zh|{{linktext|新|序}}}}, Xinxu), the Garden of Stories ({{lang|zh|{{linktext|說|苑}}}}, Shuoyuan), and the Biographies of Exemplary Women (Lienüzhuan).{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} He has long erroneously been credited with compiling the Biographies of the Immortals (Liexian Zhuan), a collection of Taoist hagiographies and hymns.[5] Liu Xiang was also a poet. He is credited with the "Nine Laments" ("Jiu Tan") that appears in the Songs of Chu.[6] See also
Notes1. ^Loewe (1986), 192. 2. ^Hawkes, 330 3. ^Hawkes, 281 4. ^E.L. Shaughnessy, Rewriting Early Chinese Texts, pp. 2-3. 5. ^{{citation |contribution-url=http://www.chinaknowledge.de/Literature/Daoists/liexianzhuan.html |contribution=Liexianzhuan |title=China Knowledge |url=http://www.chinaknowledge.de |last=Theobald |first=Ulrich |date=24 July 2010 |location=Tübingen }}. 6. ^Hawkes, 280 References
External links{{Wikisourcelang|zh|說苑|The Garden of Stories}}
12 : 1st-century BC Chinese historians|Chinese Confucianists|Han dynasty historians|Han dynasty poets|Han dynasty politicians|Chinese astronomers|Han dynasty science writers|Scientists from Xuzhou|Writers from Xuzhou|Politicians from Xuzhou|Chinese librarians|6 BC deaths |
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