“Liu Xiao Ling Tong”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Zhang Jinlai ({{zh|t=章金萊|s=章金莱|p=Zhāng Jīnlái}}; born 12 April 1959), Latin Geam Gimlaius, better known by his stage name Liu Xiao Ling Tong ({{zh|s=六小龄童|l=Little Six Year Old Child|labels=no}}), Latin Liusciaulimtom, is a Chinese actor best known for his role as the Monkey King (Sun Wukong) in the 1986 television series Journey to the West.

Early life and family

Zhang was born on April 12, 1959 in Shanghai in a family of performing artists. His family members, who are Peking opera actors, specialise in playing the role of the Monkey King (Sun Wukong), the protagonist of the classical novel Journey to the West. His great-grandfather Zhang Tingchun was even considered "better than a living Monkey King".^[1]

Zhang's great-grandfather, Zhang Tingchun ({{zh|s=章廷椿|p=|labels=no}}), mostly performed in the countryside of Zhejiang under the stage name "Huo Hou Zhang" ({{zh|s=活猴章|p=|labels=no}}).^[2] Zhang's grandfather, Zhang Yisheng ({{zh|s=章益生|p=|labels=no}}) with the stage name "Sai Huo Hou" ({{zh|t=賽活猴|s=赛活猴|p=Sài Huó Hóu|l=Better than a living monkey|labels=no}}),^[2] moved to Shanghai and trained his two sons. Zhang's father, Zhang Zongyi, whose stage name was "Liu Ling Tong" ({{zh|t=六齡童|s=六龄童|p=Liù Líng Tóng|l=Six Year Old Child|labels=no}}), was also famously known as "Nan Hou Wang" ({{zh|c=南猴王|p=Nán Hóu Wáng|l=Southern Monkey King|labels=no}}). His stage name indicated his age when he started performing. Zhang Songyi's performance was acclaimed by Chinese leaders, including Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai. His specialty was Sun Wukong, gaining him the nickname "Monkey King of the South", as another actor Li Wanchun was better known in northern China. Zhang Jinlai's uncle, who specialised in playing Zhu Bajie, had the stage name "Qi Ling Tong." ({{zh|t=七齡童|s=七龄童|p=Qī Líng Tóng|l=Seven Year Old Child|labels=no}})

Zhang's elder brother used the stage name "Xiao Liu Ling Tong" ({{zh|t=小六齡童|s=小六龄童|p=Xiǎo Liù Líng Tóng|labels=no}}), which means "Little Six Year Old Child", or "Six Year Old Child, Junior". The role of Sun Wukong was originally offered to Zhang's elder brother, but because the latter died of leukemia in 1966, Zhang inherited their father's legacy instead.{{Citation needed|date=December 2018}} He changed his stage name slightly, to "Liu Xiao Ling Tong", which still means "Little Six Year Old Child".

Zhang tried very hard to play the role of Sun Wukong well as a dedication to the memory of his elder brother. He also helped people affected by leukemia. In 1992, China Central Television (CCTV) produced an eight-episode television series titled Hou Wa ({{zh|s=猴娃|l=monkey child|labels=no}}) about Zhang's life.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}}

Career

Zhang gained international fame for his starring role as the Monkey King (Sun Wukong) in the 1986 television series Journey to the West, adapted from the classical novel of the same title. His compelling performance, which was greatly praised by critics, helped him win the Best Actor award at the 6th Golden Eagle Awards in 1988.^[1] After that, he also appeared in other films and television series, such as New Year's Day ({{zh|s=《过年》|p=|labels=no}}). On September 27, 2006, he was conferred the Certificate of Mouthpiece of the 3rd International Forum on China Cultural Industry.^[3] Zhang reprised his role as Sun Wukong again in Wu Cheng'en and Journey to the West ({{zh|s=《吴承恩与西游记》|p=|labels=no}}), a 2010 television series about Wu Cheng'en, author of Journey to the West, and his inspiration for writing the novel. Zhang also simultaneously portrayed Wu Cheng'en.{{Citation needed|date=December 2018}}

Filmography

Film

Television

Personal life

Views

Zhang's activities mostly focus on promoting monkey culture.^[1]^[6] Zhang expressed his concern over recent Sun Wukong portrayals. He said while he was happy to see that Journey to the West, as well as other Chinese classical novels, received such attention from foreign directors, he emphasized "…such adaptation has to be based on adequate knowledge of Chinese culture." and "the Monkey King is not King Kong."^[7] Zhang discredited Goku from Dragon Ball and thought it is not Chinese style of Sun Wukong.^[8]^[9]

Liu Xue

Recently, some people have become critical of some of Zhang's activities and behaviours and soon there emerge swarms of Internet memes that mimic or parody Zhang's behaviours (often by making fun of some of Zhang's "quotes"). These memes go viral and based on them a whole subculture, called "Liu Xue" (literally "LiuXiaoLingTong-ology" or "Six-ology") is formed and becomes predominant in Chinese Internet communities.^[10] In response of the account highly similar to his account to mock him, Liu Xiao Ling Tong claimed that he could accept "normal critical discussion and suggestion" but he could't understand "rumor against him" and said "My Weibo information is open but many net citizens' information isn't. Thus we are not equal and they could be not responsible for what they said. Our websites still need to improve the real-name system."^[11]

Awards

References

1. ^¹²Liu Xiao Ling Tong-- the "Monkey King". Dandan. crienglish.com. Retrieved on May 22, 2008.
2. ^¹{{cite web|url=http://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1426447|title=六小龄童是电视剧里演得最好的猴子|language=Chinese|publisher=The Paper|date=28 January 2016|accessdate=28 January 2016}}{{Dead link|date=December 2018}}
3. ^Liu Xiao Ling Tong (actor of Monkey King): Mouthpiece of the 3rd International Forum on China Cultural Industry. cciif.com. Retrieved on May 22, 2008.
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.mtime.com/2017/01/29/1565937.html|title=六小龄童惊喜现身《大闹天竺》|date=January 29, 2017 |website=Mtime|access-date=January 31, 2019|language=Chinese}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sohu.com/a/242636912_100095436|title=《一带一路·重走玄奘路》获第六届温哥华国际华语电影节最佳纪录片奖 |date=July 24, 2018|website=sohu.com|access-date=January 24, 2019|language=Chinese}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://interview.gmw.cn/2015-12/08/content_18003998.htm|title=六小龄童：弘扬中华优秀传统文化的“行者”|website=gmw.com|language=Chinese|date=2015-12-08|access-date=2019-01-31}}
7. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20090606151234/http://english.ipr.gov.cn/ipr/en/info/Article.jsp?a_no=5317&col_no=928&dir=200605 Foreign versions of "Journey to the West" tell a different story]. Chinanews.cn. Retrieved on May 22, 2008
8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1610955|title=东京奥运形象大使不只是孙悟空，“二次元”从边缘走向核心|website=The Paper|language=Chinese|date=3 February 2017|access-date=31 January 2019|quote=对此，86版《西游记》孙悟空扮演者六小龄童在接受《环球时报》的采访时也谈及自己对此事的看法。在他看来，《七龙珠》的“孙悟空”并不是中国的孙悟空。}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jiaodong.net/ent/system/2016/02/06/013076028.shtml|title=专访六小龄童：《七龙珠》不是我们民族东西|website=www.JiaoDong.net|language=Chinese|date=6 February 2016|access-date=31 January 2019|quote=我要推崇这样的一种精神，让我们的国人和外国观众，真正知道什么是中国的动画片，我们不要一味跟着某一些国家后面去追他们的那种风格，把孙悟空都弄得髭毛乍鬼的那样的，叫什么《七龙珠》，这个不是我们民族的东西。}}
10. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_2821397|title=话语与重复：波普艺术的最终形态——“六学”|date=8 January 2019|access-date=31 January 2019|website=The Paper|language=Chinese}}
11. ^{{Cite web|url=http://henan.people.com.cn/n2/2019/0117/c356996-32545156.html|title=六小龄童打假高仿是怎么回事？事件详情解析|date=17 January 2019|access-date=18 January 2019|website=people.com.cn|language=Chinese}}