| 词条 | Onward State |
| 释义 |
|logo =Onward State.png |logo_size =300px |url = onwardstate.com |type = Student-run news website for the Penn State community |launch date = {{nowrap|{{start date and years ago|mf=yes|2008|11|17}}}} |num_users = 16 million annually[1] |author = Davis Shaver, Eli Glazier, Evan Kalikow[2] |editors = Elissa Hill }} Onward State is a student-run news website geared toward members of the Penn State community in Pennsylvania.[3] The website provides news, features, and commentary on issues impacting Penn State and State College. Onward State has published more than 10,000 stories since its founding in November 2008.[4] It was voted the "Best Alternative Media Outlet" in a February 2009 online contest by U.S. News and World Report.[5] Onward State has been cited in the New York Times,[6] USA TODAY,[7] ESPN,[8] The Washington Post,[9] and many other national news outlets. The Associated Press has described Onward State as "one of Penn State's smarter, if sometimes-snarky blogs."[10] Onward State currently has the largest social media following of any college news source in the world. Its staff size, including a handful of internally selected editors, fluctuates every semester but generally settles at around 45 people, all Penn State students.[11] HistoryOnward State was founded in November 2008 by three freshmen (Davis Shaver, Eli Glazier, and Evan Kalikow) in their dormitories in Simmons Hall on Penn State's campus. The concept for Onward State was spearheaded by Shaver, who believed that other local media outlets were not adapting quickly enough to the digital age.[12] For instance, The Daily Collegian, the official school newspaper, didn't have a Facebook page until 2009 and its Twitter feed was mostly automated links. As Shaver later put it: "At first, I thought that perhaps the idea could be realized through The Daily Collegian, a student newspaper with a deservedly-great reputation. That plan never came to a head, though; at the time, the paper just wasn't interested in doing things differently."[13]The site's first post, published on November 17, 2008, was an unsubstantiated rumor about Girl Talk performing at Penn State,[14] which ended up being true.[15] The website quickly picked up a small cult following among students, faculty, and administrators. It became known initially for its utility as a news aggregator and its snarky commentary, much of which was directed at then-President Graham Spanier. The site nicknamed Spanier "G-Span", began a satirical column called "The View from the University House" written in his name,[16] and even photoshopped a picture of Spanier in a bikini.[17] Blogger Alison Go of U.S. News and World Report organized the online contest "Best Alternative Media Outlet" at the beginning of 2009 and Onward State beat blogs from UC Berkeley, Vassar, Wesleyan, Columbia, Georgetown, Middlebury, Yale, and an Ivy League conglomerate.[18][19] The Daily Collegian first acknowledged Onward State at the time of the website's recognition.[20] In an interview with the Collegian about next year's contest, Shaver explained "We have big ambitions... I think that we're just going to be more established, more of a name within the Penn State community by then. There is a strong possibility of being Alternative Media repeat champions."[21] On September 21, 2009, after a campus-wide search, Onward State was the first media outlet to report the tragic news that freshman Joe Dado had been found dead in a campus stairwell.[22] It was the first major news break for the website, which resulted in a significant traffic increase and mainstream recognition. Onward State continued the trend toward producing original journalism for a digital audience in the coming years with its coverage of a student riot after the death of Osama Bin Laden,[23] THON,[24] and State Patty's Day.[25] More so than its original news reporting, Onward State became known for irreverent features like "Drunk, Sober, High"[26] and "Overheard at Penn State",[27] along with its more laid student life" reporting style, like its discovery of the only on-campus Coca-Cola machine.[28] In March 2011, Onward State was sold to a local company called Lazerpro Digital Media Group to ensure sustainability after its original founders graduated and to improve its resources.[29] As part of the partnership, Onward States all-student staff continues to write, edit, and manage the website's content and day-to-day operations autonomously while Lazerpro manages the website's revenue streams and web hosting. Sandusky ScandalWhen the Penn State child sex abuse scandal story broke in November 2011, Onward States traffic increased considerably. Its live coverage and commentary on the fallout caused its Twitter following to double—from 7,500 to 15,000—in only two weeks.[30] The traffic surge was so overwhelming that the website's server crashed as it handled approximately ten times the normal number of readers.[31] A constantly updated live blog provided updates to its readers as the story became a national fixation.[32] Paterno Death ErrorOn January 21, 2012, Onward State 's official Twitter account tweeted "Our sources can now confirm: Joseph Vincent Paterno has passed away tonight at the age of 85."[33] This tweet, described by The Patriot-News as "an unconfirmed rumor about an anonymous email [that] was taken and reported as fact," was picked up and re-reported by CBS Sports who repeated the rumor, citing Onward State specifically as the source of the information.[33] The national media quickly followed and reported Paterno's death as fact, before the Paterno family issued a statement that he was, in fact, still alive.[33] Later that day, Onward State's managing editor resigned, saying "I never, in a million years, would have thought that Onward State would be cited by the national media, and today, I sincerely wish it never had been. To all those who read and passed along our reports, I sincerely apologize for misleading you."[34] Paterno died the next day. Onward State explained that they had believed the death reports to be true after receiving an email supposedly sent to the football team (later determined to be a hoax) and confirmation of the email from a writer "whom [Onward State editors] later found out had not been honest in his information."[35] ImpactOnward State maintains a rivalry with The Daily Collegian, the traditional student newspaper for the Penn State community. Onward State celebrated its 5th birthday in November 2013. More than 100 alumni, friends, and current staff members returned to campus for a quinquennial banquet to celebrate the first five years of the website.[11] Penn State acknowledged the anniversary.[36]In February 2014, Onward State broke the story that then Florida State University President Eric J. Barron had accepted an offer to become Penn State's president.[37] As part of its community mission, Onward State has planned local charity events[38] and hosts a weekly radio talk show on The LION 90.7 FM called "Onward State Old Timey Audio Hour."[39] References1. ^ {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223002034/http://onwardstate.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Traffic-2014.png |date=December 23, 2014 }} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://onwardstate.com/masthead/ |title=Masthead |publisher=Onward State |date= |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 3. ^{{cite news|last=Raftery|first=Brian|title=Paper Chase|url=http://pennstatermag.com/2014/05/01/the-collegian-onward-state-and-the-state-of-the-media/|accessdate=February 9, 2015|newspaper=Penn Stater Magazine|date=May 1, 2014}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://onwardstate.com/archives/ |title=Archives |publisher=Onward State |date= |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.usnews.com/education/blogs/paper-trail/2009/02/18/best-alternative-media-outlet-onward-state |title=Best Alternative Media Outlet: Onward State |publisher=US News |date= |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 6. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/06/sports/ncaafootball/ncaa-questioned-its-authority-in-penalizing-penn-state.html|title=NCAA Questioned Its Authority in Penalizing Penn State|newspaper=The New York Times|accessdate=20 February 2015}} 7. ^{{cite web|author= |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/ncaaf/2014/11/05/ncaa-emails-expose-questionable-governing-practices-for-penn-state-punishment/18531861/ |title=Emails show NCAA uncertainty about Penn State case |publisher=Usatoday.com |date=2014-11-05 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://espn.go.com/college-football/story/_/id/11492557/thousands-gather-penn-state-campus |title=Thousands gather on Penn State campus - ESPN |publisher=Espn.go.com |date=2014-09-09 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 9. ^{{cite web|last=Boren |first=Cindy |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/early-lead/wp/2014/04/23/statue-of-penn-states-joe-paterno-planned-for-downtown-state-college/ |title=Statue of Penn State’s Joe Paterno planned for downtown State College |publisher=The Washington Post |date=2014-04-23 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 10. ^{{cite news|last=Litke|first=Jim|title=Two years later, scandal still divides Penn State|url=http://collegefootball.ap.org/article/two-years-later-scandal-still-divides-penn-state|accessdate=February 16, 2015|newspaper=Associated Press|date=December 26, 2013}} 11. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://pennstatermag.files.wordpress.com/2014/05/paperchase.pdf |format=PDF |title=The Penn Stater : Paper Chase |publisher=Pennstatemag.files.wordpress.com |accessdate=20 February 2015}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://onwardstate.com/wp-content/uploads/history/Full%20Blog%20Proposal.pdf |accessdate=December 23, 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120708152351/http://onwardstate.com/wp-content/uploads/history/Full%20Blog%20Proposal.pdf |archivedate=July 8, 2012 }} 13. ^ {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141227052248/http://www.davisshaver.com/blog/2012/12/10/recycled-lessons-learned-while-running-onward-state/ |date=December 27, 2014 }} 14. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://onwardstate.com/2008/11/17/rumor-mill/ |title=Rumor mill |publisher=Onward State |date=2008-11-18 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 15. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.collegian.psu.edu/archives/article_41fc4d26-0bce-5cd1-9fa7-6dba31578291.html |title=Girl talk debacle initiates new policy |publisher=Daily Collegian |date=2009-12-12 |accessdate=2015-03-26}} 16. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://onwardstate.com/2009/04/12/the-view-from-schreyer-house-7// |title=The View From Schreyer House |publisher=Onward State |date=2010-02-20 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 17. ^{{cite web|last=Weiss |first=Eric |url=http://onwardstate.com/2010/10/18/victoria-will-share-her-secret-with-penn-state/graham/ |title=Graham Spanier In a Bra |publisher=Onwardstate.com |date=2010-10-18 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 18. ^{{cite news|last=Go|first=Alison|title=Best Alternative Media Outlet: Onward State|url=https://www.usnews.com/education/blogs/paper-trail/2009/02/18/best-alternative-media-outlet-onward-state|accessdate=April 20, 2011|newspaper=U.S. News and World Report|date=February 18, 2009}} 19. ^[https://www.usnews.com/polls/best-alternative-media-outlet-2008/results.html Which nontraditional medium do you prefer?] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111108170318/http://www.usnews.com/polls/best-alternative-media-outlet-2008/results.html |date=2011-11-08 }} U.S. News and World Report. 20. ^{{cite web|last=Raftery |first=Brian |url=https://pennstatermag.files.wordpress.com/2014/05/paperchase.pdf |title=Paper Chase |publisher=Penn Stater Magazine |date=2014-05-01 |accessdate=2015-03-26}} 21. ^{{cite news|last=Karas|first=Kristen|title=Last-minute voting propels student-run blog to victory in national poll|url=http://www.collegian.psu.edu/archive/2009/02/19/lastminute_voting_propels_stud.aspx|accessdate=April 20, 2011|newspaper=The Daily Collegian|date=February 19, 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100718164159/http://www.collegian.psu.edu/archive/2009/02/19/lastminute_voting_propels_stud.aspx|archivedate=July 18, 2010|df=}} 22. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://onwardstate.com/2009/09/21/missing-student-found-dead-in-west-campus-stairwell/ |title=Joe Dado Found Dead in West Campus Stairwell |publisher=Onward State |date=2009-09-21 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 23. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://onwardstate.com/2011/05/02/massive-crowd-gathers-on-beaver-avenue-following-osamas-death/ |title=On Beaver Ave, Penn State Students Celebrate Osama bin Laden's Death |publisher=Onward State |date=2011-05-02 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 24. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://onwardstate.com/2011/02/20/thon-2011-live-blog-sunday/ |title=THON 2011 Live Blog: Sunday |publisher=Onward State |date=2011-02-20 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 25. ^{{cite web|last=Perlow |first=Becky |url=http://onwardstate.com/2011/02/26/state-pattys-day-update-quantity-over-quality/ |title=State Patty's Day Update: Quantity Over Quality |publisher=Onward State |date=2011-02-26 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 26. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://onwardstate.com/2012/10/18/drunk-sober-high-herman-cain-on-the-college-truth-tour-at-penn-state/ |title=Drunk, Sober, High: Herman Cain Visits Penn State |publisher=Onward State |date=2012-10-18 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 27. ^{{cite web|last=Thomas |first=Alicia |url=http://onwardstate.com/2012/09/10/overheard-on-beaver-ave/ |title=Overheard on Beaver Ave |publisher=Onward State |date=2012-09-10 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 28. ^{{cite web|last=Ponter |first=Evan |url=http://onwardstate.com/2011/04/29/secret-stash-of-coca-cola-found-in-campus-building/ |title=Secret Stash of Coca-Cola Found in Campus Building |publisher=Onward State |date=2011-04-29 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 29. ^{{cite web|last=Tralka |first=Chase |url=http://onwardstate.com/2011/03/15/statecollege-com-and-onwardstate-com-forge-online-partnership/ |title=StateCollege.com and OnwardState.com Forge Online Partnership |publisher=Onward State |date=2011-03-15 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 30. ^{{cite web|url=http://onwardstate.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Social-growth.png |accessdate=December 23, 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209212324/http://onwardstate.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Social-growth.png |archivedate=February 9, 2015 }} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://onwardstate.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Screen-Shot-2014-12-23-at-10.12.34-AM.png |accessdate=December 23, 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209212923/http://onwardstate.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Screen-Shot-2014-12-23-at-10.12.34-AM.png |archivedate=February 9, 2015 }} 32. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://onwardstate.com/2011/11/11/live-blog-penn-state-charges-sandusky-scandal/ |title=Day 8: What’s Worse, the Pain or the Hangover? |publisher=Onward State |date=2011-11-11 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 33. ^1 2 {{cite news | title = False report of Joe Paterno's death: Here's how it spread like wildfire| newspaper = The Patriot-News| date = January 22, 2012| url = http://www.pennlive.com/midstate/index.ssf/2012/01/false_report_of_joe_paternos_d.html| accessdate = January 22, 2012}} 34. ^{{cite news | title = Joe Paterno Erroneously Reported Dead Saturday Night By Many Media Outlets| newspaper = Time| date = January 22, 2012| url = http://newsfeed.time.com/2012/01/22/joe-paterno-erroneously-reported-dead-saturday-by-many-media-outlets/| accessdate = January 22, 2012}} 35. ^{{cite web| last =Shaver| first = Davis| title = What Happened Last Night| work = Onward State| publisher = | date = 2012-01-22| url = http://onwardstate.com/2012/01/22/what-happened-last-night/| accessdate = 2012-01-22}} 36. ^{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/penn_state/status/401937924079378432 |title=Penn State on Twitter: "Happy fifth birthday, @OnwardState!" |publisher=Twitter.com |date=2013-11-16 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 37. ^{{cite web|last=Horne |first=Kevin |url=http://onwardstate.com/2014/02/14/sources-fsu-president-eric-j-barron-to-become-next-penn-state-president/ |title=Sources: FSU President Eric J. Barron to Become Next Penn State President |publisher=Onward State |date=2014-02-14 |accessdate=2015-02-20}} 38. ^{{cite web|last=Horne |first=Kevin |url=http://onwardstate.com/2014/04/15/join-us-for-the-inaugural-herb-hand-pizza-crawl/ |title=Join Us For The Inaugural ‘Herb Hand Pizza Crawl’ |publisher=Onward State |date=2014-04-15 |accessdate=2015-05-22}} 39. ^{{cite web|last=Horne |first=Kevin |url=http://onwardstate.com/2015/03/01/onward-state-old-timey-audio-hour-returns-to-the-lion/ |title=‘Onward State Old Timey Audio Hour’ Returns to the LION |publisher=Onward State |date=2015-03-01 |accessdate=2015-05-22}} 1 : Pennsylvania State University |
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