| 释义 |
- Tests
- References
{{Infobox high explosive test
| name = Operation Distant Plain
| image = DistantPlainGasHemisphere.jpg
| image_size = 300px
| caption = 125 foot {{Convert|20|ST|t|abbr=on|adj=on|0}} propane-oxygen hemisphere is prepared for detonation as Event 2A. The striped poles carry instrumentation equipment and a human figure can be seen in the lower right.
| country = Canada
| test_site = {{plainlist|- Suffield Experimental Station, Alberta
- Hinton, Alberta}}
| date = July 7, 1966 – August, 1967
| agency = Defence Research Board, TTCP
| number_of_tests = 8
| explosive = TNT, Detonable Gas
| configuration = {{plainlist|- Stacked Sphere (Tower, Buried)
- Stacked Hemisphere
- Gas Balloon
- Gas Hemisphere}}
| max_yield = {{convert|100|tonTNT|lk=in}}
| previous_test = Operation Sailor Hat
| next_test = Operation Prairie Flat
}}Operation Distant Plain was a series of non-nuclear explosive and detonable gas tests performed on test sites in Alberta, Canada during the course of 1966 and 1967. Their purpose was to provide airblast, cratering and ground shock data in summer and winter conditions for testing new prototype equipment, military targets and coniferous forest blowdown and defoliation. Participants included Canada, United Kingdom, Australia and United States under the Tripartite Technical Cooperation Program.[1] Detonable gas balloons were used in this operation in an attempt to find an economical substitute for TNT as well as for the fact that they could be placed at desired heights without a heavy support structure or towers. In addition, they were more adaptable to airblast phenomena and produced a well defined blast wave without perturbation or ejecta; they also produced no crater. However, it was found that they lacked the high pressure associated with high explosives, and difficulties were encountered as the 20-ton gas balloon ruptured and another detonated unexpectedly during inflation. Ultimately ANFO was elected as a lower cost alternative to TNT for non-nuclear explosives tests.[[3]]TestsThe following table summarizes the events that took place during the operation in chronological order. | Event | Date | Charge | Yield (short tons) | Height of Burst (feet) | Location | Notes |
|---|
| 1 | 7 July 1966 | TNT sphere, tower | 20 | 85 | Drowning Ford Test Range, SES | Airblast and induced ground motions | | 2 | July 1966 | 125 foot methane-oxygen balloon | 20 | 85 | Drowning Ford Test Range, SES | Cancelled, balloon ruptured during inflation | | 2A | 22 July 1966 | 125 foot propane-oxygen hemisphere | 20 | 0 | Drowning Ford Test Range, SES | Test feasibility of detonable gas, compare with 20 ton TNT events | | 3 | 27 July 1966 | TNT sphere, half buried | 20 | 0 | Drowning Ford Test Range, SES | Normal environment control for Event 5 | | 4 | 16 August 1966 | TNT Hemisphere | 50 | 0 | Edson Forest, 10 miles northwest of Hinton | Coniferous forest blowdown test | | 2B | October 1966 | 125 foot methane-oxygen balloon | 18.6 | 63 | Drowning Ford Test Range, SES | Rescheduled Event 2, detonated unexpectedly during inflation on ground | | 5 | 9 February, 1967 | TNT sphere, half buried | 20 | 0 | Drowning Ford Test Range, SES | Frozen ground test | | 6 | 26 July 1967 | TNT sphere, supported | 100 | 0 | Watchdog Hill Blast Range, SES | Nuclear weapon surface burst simulation | | 1A | 18 August 1967 | TNT sphere, tower | 20 | 30 | Watchdog Hill Blast Range, SES | Airblast and induced ground motions, repeat of event 1 | |
References 1. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Kelso|first1=J. R.|last2=Kingery.|first2=C. N.|last3=Choromokos|first3=J. Jr.|title=Operation Distant Plain. United States Participation With Canada, Australia, And Great Britain In a Non-Nuclear Experimental Test Series|url=http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD0478136|website=Defence Technical Information Center|accessdate=19 May 2017|language=en|date=1 January 1966}}
2. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Ralph E.|first1=Reisler|last2=Noel H.|first2=Ethridge|last3=Daniel P.|first3=LeFevre|last4=Louis|first4=Giglio-Tos|title=Air Blast Measurements from the Detonation of an Explosive Gas Contained in a Hemispherical Balloon (Operation Distant Plain, Event 2a)|url=http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD0731216|accessdate=19 May 2017|language=en|date=1 July 1971}}
[1][2]
}}{{coord missing|Canada}} 9 : Explosions in Canada|Explosions in 1966|Explosions in 1967|1966 in Canada|1967 in Canada|Military projects of the United States|1966 in military history|1967 in military history|Code names |