| 词条 | Operation Rock Avalanche |
| 释义 |
|conflict= Operation Rock Avalanche |partof= the War in Afghanistan (2001–present) |image= |caption= US soldiers during Operation Rock Avalanche. |date= 19–25 October 2007 |place= Korengal Valley, Kunar, Afghanistan |result= US minor tactical victory |combatant1= {{Flagicon|United States}} United States {{Flagicon|Afghanistan}} Afghanistan |combatant2= {{Flagicon|Afghanistan|Taliban}} Taliban insurgents |commander1= {{Flagicon|United States}} LTC William Ostlund {{Flagicon|United States}} CPT Daniel Kearney |commander2= {{Flagicon|Afghanistan|Taliban}} Haji Matin {{Flagicon|Afghanistan|Taliban}} Aminullah {{Flagicon|Afghanistan|Taliban}} Mohammad Tali{{KIA}} |strength1= {{Flagicon|United States}} 100+ {{Flagicon|Afghanistan}}40+ |strength2= 150–300 (US estimate) |casualties1= 3 killed At least 7 wounded |casualties2= 40–50 killed (US estimate)[1] |casualties3= At least 10 Afghan civilians |}}{{Campaignbox War in Afghanistan (2001–present)}}Operation Rock Avalanche was a six-day, US-led offensive from 19–25 October 2007, with the purpose of hunting Taliban fighters in the Korengal Valley of Afghanistan. The mission also aimed to establish a peace with the local populace so that a road could be safely built through the area by the Afghan government. Over the course of the operation, a series of running battles occurred with members of the Taliban, as well as with local tribesmen. US Army Paratrooper Salvatore Giunta would be awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions during combat between US forces and local Afghans.[1] BackgroundThe U.S. had struggled for some time to establish itself as a force within the valley. Long considered to be a Taliban stronghold, the Korengal Valley was nicknamed the "Valley of Death" by US forces due to the dangers associated with being stationed there, with sometimes as many as a dozen firefights per day.[2][3] Spearheaded by Captain Louis Frketic of A Company and Captain Dan Kearney of B Company, 2nd Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment (Airborne) of the 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team in the Korengal Valley, the goal of the assault was to both disrupt Taliban and insurgent routes of transit in the area, as well as trying to establish a peace with local village elders by offering to build them a new highway through the mountains — paid for by the Afghan government — in exchange for information about anti-governmental combatants.[4][5] The OperationOperation Rock Avalanche began in the early-morning hours of 19 October 2007 when US and Afghan forces boarded UH-60 and CH-47 helicopters at the Korangal Outpost (KOP) to be inserted in the southern portion of the Korengal Valley, near the village of Yaka Chine. This main force consisted mostly of B Company, 2-503rd Infantry, but also included support elements, such as US Air Force Joint Terminal Attack Controllers (JTAC), and a Low-Level Voice Intercept (LLVI) team from the 513th Military Intelligence Brigade. Elements from A, C, and D companies, 2-503 Infantry, also occupied blocking positions around the valley in an effort to prevent Taliban forces from leaving the area.[5] There were several skirmishes early in the operation, ultimately leading to AC-130 and AH-64 gunships firing into the village, resulting in civilian casualties.[4] The night of the 21st, US forces moved east to conduct operations near the villages of Landigal and Aliabad. Mid-day on the 23rd, Taliban forces attacked and overran a US machine gun position, killing one and wounding two more, before being forced to withdraw. Taliban forces were also able to capture several weapons and equipment from the fallen Americans. US and Afghan forces continued to patrol the area and meet with village elders, resulting in several more firefights and large amounts of US air and artillery support being employed.[4] As the sun set on the 25th, US and Afghan forces began concluding the operation. During their egress, Taliban forces initiated an "L" shaped ambush against 1st and 3rd Platoon, B Company. US Forces were able to break out of the killzone and launch a successful counter-attack, but only after two Americans were killed and five more wounded. Taliban leader Muhammad Tali was killed by US Army's SPC Giunta, who was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions during the engagement.[6] OutcomeWhile Taliban forces were able to launch bold attacks against US forces, they were unable to maintain their momentum. Coalition forces inflicted heavy casualties upon the Taliban, including several local leaders. Coalition forces also were able to locate several stone bunkers on the Abas Ghar, as well as firing positions used in attacks against the Korangal Outpost. Taliban activity in the Korengal Valley dropped significantly in the months following the operation.[7] In April 2010, US forces withdrew from the Korangal Valley. 42 Americans had died fighting there, with over a hundred more wounded.[3] Popular cultureThe events of the offensive were witnessed firsthand by American journalist Sebastian Junger and British photojournalist Tim Hetherington, and were captured on film for their Academy Award-nominated documentary Restrepo.[8] Among other awards, the film received the Grand Jury Prize for best documentary at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival.[9] Junger would later go on to write the book War, an account which expanded upon his experiences during Operation Rock Avalanche.[10][11] See also{{commons category}}
References1. ^{{cite web|first=Tim |last=Hetherington |url=http://www.vanityfair.com/online/daily/2010/11/medal-of-honor-winner-salvatore-giunta-on-bravery-brotherhood-and-the-korengal.html |title=Medal of Honor Winner Salvatore Giunta on Bravery, Brotherhood, and the Korengal |work=Vanity Fair |accessdate=11 November 2010}} 2. ^1 {{cite news|last=Junger|first=Sebastian|title=Into the Valley of Death|url=http://www.vanityfair.com/politics/features/2008/01/afghanistan200801|accessdate=15 July 2012|newspaper=Vanity Fair|date=3 December 2007}} 3. ^1 {{cite news|last=Rubin |first=Alissa |authorlink= Alissa J. Rubin |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/15/world/asia/15outpost.html?hp|work=New York Times| title= U.S. Forces Close Outpost in Afghan 'Valley of Death'| date=14 April 2010 |accessdate=14 April 2010}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite news|first=Elizabeth|last=Rubin|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/24/magazine/24afghanistan-t.html?pagewanted=all|title=Battle Company Is Out There|work=The New York Times Magazine|date=24 February 2008|accessdate=11 September 2010}} 5. ^1 {{cite news|first=Jacob|last=Caldwell|url=http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=47993|title=Company Works to Flush Out Taliban During ‘Rock Avalanche’|work=American Forces Press Service|date=31 October 2007|accessdate=28 January 2011}} 6. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.army.mil/medalofhonor/giunta/narrative.html |title=Official Narrative for Staff Sergeant Salvatore A. Giunta - Medal of Honor Recipient for the United States Army |publisher=United States Army|accessdate=16 November 2010}} 7. ^{{cite book|last=Junger|first=Sebastian|title=War|year=2010|publisher=Twelve|location=New York|isbn=978-0-446-55624-8|url=http://www.sebastianjunger.com/|edition=1st}} 8. ^An up-close yet impersonal look at war, Wesley Morris, Boston Globe movie review. 9. ^{{cite web|title=2010 Sundance Film Festival Announces Awards|author=Addicott, Brooks|url=http://www.sundance.org/press-center/release/2010_sundance_film_festival_announces_awards/|work=Sundance Institute|date=30 January 2010 |accessdate=30 November 2010}} 10. ^{{cite news|last=Caputo|first=Philip|title=Sebastian Junger's 'War,' reviewed by Philip Caputo|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/05/07/AR2010050702254.html|work=The Washington Post|accessdate=10 September 2010 | date=9 May 2010}} 11. ^{{cite web|last=Seaborn|first=Jody|title=Sebastian Junger's 'War': A year with a platoon in Afghanistan|url=http://www.statesman.com/life/books/sebastian-jungers-war-a-year-with-a-platoon-716399.html|work=Statesman.com|publisher=American Statesman|accessdate=10 September 2010}} External links
2 : Military operations of the War in Afghanistan (2001–present) involving the United States|Military operations of the War in Afghanistan (2001–present) |
| 随便看 |
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。