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词条 Operation USA
释义

  1. Awards and affiliations

  2. History

  3. Celebrity affiliates

  4. Film and theater projects

  5. References

  6. External links

{{Infobox organization
| name = Operation USA (aka Operation California, In.)
| founded_date = 1979, with its California incorporation date in May 1980
| logo =
| founder = Richard M. Walden
| location = Los Angeles, California
| key_people = Richard M. Walden, President and CEO
Board Members:
Julie Andrews
US Senator Gary Hart
Dr. Louis J. Ignarro
Jonathan Estrin Board member, Gary Larsen Vice Chairman; L. Leland Whitney, Bob Johnson, Lorin Stevenson, Meg Starr, Maria Mohiuddin Verjee, Tom Moore, Jr., Drew Hagen, Dave Brubaker, Dr. Stanley Frileck, Dr. Laurence Heifetz, Michael Mahdesian(Chairman), Jack Shakely, Jeff Franklin, Amb. Derek Shearer, Julie Yannatta, Richard M. Walden, Rosario Dawson, Rick Allen, Peter Greenberg, Julie Yannatta, Dr. Paul F. O'Rourke
| area_served = Global
| focus = Disaster relief, Sustainable relief, Healthcare, Ending poverty
| Non-profit_slogan = Give and it gets there.
| homepage = www.opusa.org
}}Operation USA (also known as OpUSA, Operation California, or OpCal) is a non profit humanitarian organization dedicated to helping communities alleviate the effects of disaster, disease, and endemic poverty throughout the world by providing privately funded relief, reconstruction, humanitarian aid and development aid. It is exclusively privately funded, receiving no assistance from the United States federal government. OPUSA had a revenue of over $22 million in fiscal year 2012 and has shipped over $425 million worth of "high-priority medical, nutritional and shelter supplies" since its inception, including shipments to Haiti, Japan, Chile, Kenya and Pakistan in 2011 and 2011.[1][2]

Awards and affiliations

Operation USA was part of the International Campaign to Ban Landmines in 1997 when it won the Nobel Peace Prize.[3][4] Operation California was also the winner of the 1983 President's Volunteer Action Award.[4] Operation USA has been named one of America's Best 100 Charities by Worth Magazine[4] and, in October 2008, was named the top-rated "exclusively privately funded charity in the U.S." [5] by Charity Navigator. Operation USA collaborated with NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the US National Laboratories at Lawrence Livermore and Los Alamos to develop new approaches to land mine detection,[8] is a member of InterAction,[4] and is an AlertNet news partner.[6] In 2014 Operation USA's CEO Richard M. Walden received the Honeywell Hometown Hero Award from the Honeywell Corp.

History

Operation California began in 1979 as "a relief organization created to provide aid to Vietnamese Boat People and Cambodian refugees",[7] co-founded by Richard Walden (still active as President & CEO) and Llewellyn Werner (who left in early 1980). The organization flew "the first international relief airlift to Cambodia since 1975",[12] delivering medicine to Phnom-Penh. Operation California had airlifted more than $3 million worth of aid by October 1979.[8][9][10][11]

Since then, Operation USA has become a highly acclaimed aid organization that is involved in helping people in different ways around the world. In 1982, Operation California sent "the first private airlift from the U.S. to Poland", delivering 200,000 lbs. of medical supplies and medicine;[12] that year Operation California also airlifted medical supplies to Lebanon.[13] In 1983, Operation California delivered aid to the children of Vietnam and Cambodia.[14] Operation California provided aid to the earthquake victims in Mexico City in 1985,[15] as well as working in cooperation with the Unitarian Universalist Service Committee and Oxfam America, to deliver $250,000 worth of medical aid to Nicaragua.[16][17] In 1986 Operation California, in conjunction with Medical Aid to El Salvador, sent "[t]wo cargo planes carrying $500,000 worth of relief supplies to earthquake-stricken El Salvador".[18]

In 1988, Operation California began using the name Operation USA because it better described the effort and intent of the organization to represent the entire American people.[19] In 1989 Operation USA facilitated operations on children in Vietnam who had cleft palates by a Los Angeles-based plastic surgeon, Dr Stanley Frileck.[20] Medical aid and rebuilding effort was delivered to Mexico in 1990, by OPUSA.[21] In 1991 OPUSA delivered aid to Bangladesh.[22] OpUSA delivered aid to war torn Somali's in 1993.[23] In 1994 OpUSA provided earthquake relief.[24] In 1995 the organization provided aid to Hurricane Mitch survivors in Honduras and Nicaragua.[25] In 1999 OpUSA supplied aid to storm victims in Mexico.[26] In 2003 OpUSA delivered aid to Iraq War victims in the Persian Gulf.[27] The tsunami victims in Sri Lanka and Indonesia were aided by OpUSA in 2004,[28] as well as the Mexico City Flood victims.[15]

In 2008, OpUSA has delivered aid to Myanmar cyclone victims[29] as well as Chinese earthquake victims[30] and flood victims in the Midwest, USA.[31]

In 2015, OpUsa partners with UniversalGiving to raise funds for its project, which is to deliver recovery aid to Nepal earthquake victims and rebuild schools.

Celebrity affiliates

Operation USA, since the early 1980s, has relied on fundraising efforts featuring singers and celebrities. These include concerts, dinners, and other events. These promotions have featured:

  • Barbra Streisand[32]
  • Bonnie Raitt[39]
  • Carol Burnett[40]
  • Crosby, Stills & Nash[33]
  • Don Henley
  • Ed Asner[34]
  • Frank Sinatra[32][40]
  • Jack Elliot[40]
  • Jackson Browne[35][33]
  • James Garner[48]
  • John Denver[32][40]
  • Julie Andrews[36][37][38]
  • Kirk Douglas[36]
  • Michael Jackson[36]
  • New American Orchestra[36]
  • Plácido Domingo[32][36]
  • Ricardo Montalban[36]
  • Ry Cooder[33][61]
  • Sharon Stone[39]
  • The Buena Vista Social Club[40]
  • Tony Adams[41]

Rosario Dawson travelled with Operation USA to Nicaragua in 2008. George Hamilton assisted with relief to The Philippines Typhoon Haiyan in 2013 as did Barbra Streisand, Rosario Dawson, Jackson Browne, Bill Maher and Judd Apatow.

Film and theater projects

Operation USA also relies on film and theater promotions to generate funds that pay for aid, including:

  • Because We Care (CBS Television Special)[42]
  • Beyond Borders (Hollywood)[43]
  • Buena Vista Social Club (film) (Hollywood & Havana)[40]
  • Fidel (film) (Hollywood for Showtime)
  • Mary Poppins (musical) (London stage)
  • Miss Saigon (Hollywood)
  • Roll Bounce[44]
  • The Killing Fields (film) (Hollywood & Cambodia)[45]
  • Victor/Victoria (Broadway)
  • Eloise at The Plaza (Disney TV)

References

1. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.opusa.org/whatwedo/shipments.html| title = OpUSA Shipments| accessdate = 2011-09-28| work = Operation USA|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080307114707/http://www.opusa.org/whatwedo/shipments.html |archivedate = 2008-03-07}}
2. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.charitynavigator.org/index.cfm?bay=search.summary&orgid=4268| title = Charity Navigator - Operation USA| accessdate = 2009-02-16| work = Charity Navigator}}
3. ^{{cite news| url = http://articles.latimes.com/1997/oct/14/local/me-42470| title = Banning Land Mines Is a No-Brainer; Clinton still has time to find his backbone, follow his instincts and sign the Ottawa treaty.| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 1997-10-14| author = Robert Scheer| work = Los Angeles Times| page = 7}}
4. ^1 {{cite web| url = http://opusa.org/whoweare/affiliations_awards.html| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061002183030/http://www.opusa.org/whoweare/affiliations_awards.html| dead-url = yes| archive-date = 2006-10-02| title = Operation USA Affiliations and Awards| accessdate = 2009-02-09| work = Operation USA}}
5. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.charitynavigator.org/index.cfm?bay=topten.detail&listid=17| title = 10 Highly Rated Charities Relying on Private Contributions| accessdate = 2009-02-017| work = Charity Navigator}}
6. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.alertnet.org/newspartners/index.htm?v=chap_O&id=14| title = Reuters AlertNet - News partners| accessdate = 2008-06-07| work = Reuters}}
7. ^{{cite news| url = https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/657902142.html?dids=657902142:657902142&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&date=Jun+11%2C+1980&author=RENA+FREEMAN&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=Human+Kindness&pqatl=google| title = Human Kindness| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 1980-06-11| work = Los Angeles Times| first=Rena| last=Freeman}}
8. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=144802| title = Students Form Group to Aid Cambodia: Plan Lobbying, Petitions, Fast, and Concert| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 1979-10-25| author = ROBERT J. CAMPBELL| work = The Harvard Crimson}}
9. ^{{cite news| url = http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,912541,00.html| title = Operation California Bidding a Benefit| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 1979-12-10| work = Time Magazine}}
10. ^{{cite news| url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F00611FF3E5C12728DDDAF0A94DA415B898BF1D3| title = Brown Assails 'Neglect' In Relief for Cambodia| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 1979-12-06| work = The New York Times}}
11. ^{{cite news| url = http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,912555,00.html| title = There Is Nothing, Monsieur| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 1979-12-10| work = Time Magazine}}
12. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.lexisnexis.com.fetch.mhsl.uab.edu/us/lnacademic/results/docview/docview.do?docLinkInd=true&risb=21_T3921258634&format=GNBFI&sort=RELEVANCE&startDocNo=1&resultsUrlKey=29_T3921258648&cisb=22_T3921258647&treeMax=true&treeWidth=0&csi=8054&docNo=1| title = Operation California Bidding a Benefit| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 1982-02-17| page = LexisNexis| work = PR Newswire}}
13. ^{{cite news| url = https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/669905672.html?dids=669905672:669905672&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&date=Sep+12%2C+1982&author=KATHLEEN+HENDRIX&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=Airlift+to+Beirut%3A+Relief+and+Red+Tape&pqatl=google| title = Airlift to Beirut: Relief and Red Tape. Operation California Finally Manages to Get Medical Supplies to Lebanon| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 1989-09-12| author = KATHLEEN HENDRIX| work = Los Angeles Times}}
14. ^{{cite news| url = https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/666631182.html?dids=666631182:666631182&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&date=Feb+11%2C+1983&author=Jody+Jacobs&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=Operation+California+Bidding+a+Benefit&pqatl=google| title = Operation California Bidding a Benefit| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 1983-11-02| author = Jody Jacobs| work = Los Angeles Times}}
15. ^1 {{cite web| url = http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/fromthefield/opusa/119412520629.htm| title = Operation USA Appeals For Public Support To Aid Victims Of South Mexico Floods| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 2007-11-03| work = Reuters}}
16. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.lexisnexis.com.fetch.mhsl.uab.edu/us/lnacademic/results/docview/docview.do?docLinkInd=true&risb=21_T3921258634&format=GNBFI&sort=RELEVANCE&startDocNo=1&resultsUrlKey=29_T3921258648&cisb=22_T3921258647&treeMax=true&treeWidth=0&csi=8075&docNo=3| title = Aid for Nicaragua| accessdate = 2008-06-09| date = 1985-07-06| page = A14| work = The Washington Post}}
17. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.lexisnexis.com.fetch.mhsl.uab.edu/us/lnacademic/results/docview/docview.do?docLinkInd=true&risb=21_T3921258634&format=GNBFI&sort=RELEVANCE&startDocNo=1&resultsUrlKey=29_T3921258648&cisb=22_T3921258647&treeMax=true&treeWidth=0&csi=8054&docNo=4| title = No Title| accessdate = 2008-06-09| date = 1985-07-03| work = PR Newswire}}
18. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.lexisnexis.com.fetch.mhsl.uab.edu/us/lnacademic/results/docview/docview.do?docLinkInd=true&risb=21_T3921258634&format=GNBFI&sort=RELEVANCE&startDocNo=1&resultsUrlKey=29_T3921258648&cisb=22_T3921258647&treeMax=true&treeWidth=0&csi=304478&docNo=10| title = Quake Relief Groups Allowed To Land At San Salvador Airport| accessdate = 2008-06-09| date = 1986-10-18| work = The Associated Press}}
19. ^1 {{cite web| url = http://www.opusa.org/whoweare/history.html| title = Operation USA history| accessdate = 2008-06-05| work = Operation USA|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080329034142/http://www.opusa.org/whoweare/history.html |archivedate = 2008-03-29}}
20. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.lexisnexis.com.fetch.mhsl.uab.edu/us/lnacademic/results/docview/docview.do?docLinkInd=true&risb=21_T3921258634&format=GNBFI&sort=RELEVANCE&startDocNo=1&resultsUrlKey=29_T3921258648&cisb=22_T3921258647&treeMax=true&treeWidth=0&csi=8076&docNo=5| title = U.S. medical team operates on Vietnamese children| accessdate = 2008-06-09| date = 1989-03-15| work = United Press International}}
21. ^{{cite news| url = https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/60065143.html?dids=60065143:60065143&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jun+01%2C+1990&author=DON+SHANNON&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 1990-06-01| page = 14| work = Los Angeles Times| first=Don| last=Shannon}}
22. ^{{cite news| url = http://articles.latimes.com/1991-05-04/news/mn-955_1_relief-network| title = Burnout Hits Relief Network Too many catastrophes abroad and too many burdens at home are blamed for the lackluster public response to recent appeals for help.| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 2007-05-04| page = 1| work = Los Angeles Times| first=David| last=Ferrell}}
23. ^{{cite news| url = http://articles.latimes.com/1993-01-10/news/we-1712_1_medical-supplies| title = Mission to Somalia Poses Danger for Relief Worker Famine: Operation USA's Neil Frame will take medical supplies gathered by the L.A.-based relief agency to field hospitals in the war-torn African nation.| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 1993-01-10| page = 1| work = Los Angeles Times| first=Kathleen| last=Kelleher}}
24. ^{{cite news| url = https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/59311114.html?dids=59311114:59311114&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Feb+12%2C+1994&author=REBECCA+BRYANT&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=Donations+Sought+in+Quake+Relief+Effort&pqatl=google| title = Donations Sought in Quake Relief Effort| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 1994-02-12| page = 2| work = Los Angeles Times| first=Rebecca| last=Bryant}}
25. ^{{cite news| url = http://articles.latimes.com/1998/nov/17/news/cl-43501| title = Reach Out to Lift Up Hurricane Survivors| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 1998-11-17| page = 1| work = Los Angeles Times| first=Sandy| last=Banks}}
26. ^{{cite news| url = http://articles.latimes.com/1999/oct/19/news/cl-23774| title = Sending a Rainbow of Relief After the Floods; For many Southland Latinos, aiding Mexico's storm victims is a means of honoring homeland ties.| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 1999-10-19| page = 1| work = Los Angeles Times| first=Jose| last=Cardenas}}
27. ^{{cite news| url = http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=LB&p_theme=lb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F9E66898257D92C&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM| title = AID GROUPS AMASS RELIEF GEAR| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 2003-03-19| work = Long Beach Press-Telegram}}
28. ^{{cite news| url = http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=LB&p_theme=lb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=10754A5014D3C3F8&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM| title = GROUP READIES AID| accessdate = 2008-06-05| date = 2004-12-30| work = Long Beach Press-Telegram}}
29. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.foxbusiness.com/story/los-angeles-based-operation-usa-appeals-funds-aid-myanmar-burmese-cyclone/| title = Los Angeles Based Operation USA Appeals for Funds to Aid in Myanmar (Burmese) Cyclone Disaster| accessdate = 2008-06-04| work = Fox Business Network}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}
30. ^{{cite web| url = http://sev.prnewswire.com/health-care-hospitals/20080514/LAW05214052008-1.html| title = Operation USA Responded to Earthquake Devastation in Sichuan, China; Agency Appealed for Funds to Rebuild Schools and Clinics, which, as of September 2010, it had rebuilt 2 large primary schools outside Chengdu and 5 village level health clinics outside Chongqing.| accessdate = 2008-06-04| work = PR Newswire}}
31. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/fromthefield/opusa/121425922391.htm| title = Operation USA Aided Midwest Flood Victims. Earthquakes in Haiti (2010) and Chile (2010) as well as flooding in Pakistan (2010) also generated major relief actions by Operation USA including the construction of a $1 million primary school in Jacmel, Haiti. After the earthquake and tsunami in Japan, Operation USA a seniors activity center (1) in partnership with Honeywell Hometown Solutions after air and sea shipping emergency relief to partner agencies. The Gap provided 119,000 winter garments for northern Japan through Operation USA. In 2013, Operation USA aided victims of Hurricane Sandy in New York and New Jersey and tornado victims in Oklahoma City. As 2014 is underway, a major new project involves the Native American Reservation at Pine Ridge, South Dakota and projects in Henan Province, China.| accessdate = 2008-06-26| work = AlertNet}}
32. ^1 2 3 {{cite news| url = http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F2B1E45B8F62B4C&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM| title = Resourceful man of mercy| accessdate = 2008-06-06| date = 2002-03-31| author = Russ Baker| work = The Philadelphia Inquirer| page = 16}}
33. ^1 2 3 {{cite web| url = http://www.tucsonweekly.com/tw/02-29-96/mus.htm| title = Music: Regaining Consciousness| accessdate = 2008-06-06| date = 1996-03-06| author = Jim Lipson| work = Tucson Weekly}}
34. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.lexisnexis.com.fetch.mhsl.uab.edu/us/lnacademic/results/docview/docview.do?docLinkInd=true&risb=21_T3921258634&format=GNBFI&sort=RELEVANCE&startDocNo=1&resultsUrlKey=29_T3921258648&cisb=22_T3921258647&treeMax=true&treeWidth=0&csi=7945&docNo=9| title = Foreign aid, Hollywood-style: cut red tape, go to the top| accessdate = 2008-06-09| date = 1982-01-26| author = Daniel Southerland| work = Christian Science Monitor}}
35. ^1 {{cite web| url = http://wc.arizona.edu/~wildcat/papers/89/114/01_5_m.html| title = Operation Jackson Browne| accessdate = 2008-06-06| date = 1996-03-06| author = Amy Fredette| work = Arizona Daily Wildcat}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}
36. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite news| url = http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=LA&p_theme=la&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EF50F7FB7A213CF&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM| title = PLACIDO DOMINGO PUTS HIS VOICE TO WORK| accessdate = 2008-06-07| date = 1986-08-11| author = Richard S. Ginell| work = Daily News of Los Angeles| page = 13}}
37. ^{{cite news| url = https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/61520355.html?dids=61520355:61520355&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Oct+22%2C+1991&author=BILL+HIGGINS&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=Operation+USA+Raises+%24200%2C000+at+Benefit&pqatl=google| title = Operation USA Raises $200,000 at Benefit| accessdate = 2008-06-06| date = 1991-10-22| author = Bill Higgins| work = Los Angeles Times| page = 3}}
38. ^{{cite news| url = https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/1203015281.html?dids=1203015281:1203015281&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+26%2C+2007&author=Kathy+Blumenstock&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=Her+newest+role%3A+Surprised+recipient%3B+Julie+Andrews+will+receive+the+Screen+Actors+Guild's+43rd+Life+Achievement+Award+on+Sunday.&pqatl=google| title = Her newest role: Surprised recipient; Julie Andrews will receive the Screen Actors Guild's 43rd Life Achievement Award on Sunday.| accessdate = 2008-06-06| date = 2007-01-26| author = Kathy Blumenstock| work = Los Angeles Times| page = E15}}
39. ^1 {{cite web| url = http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/gossip/1995/10/23/1995-10-23_berth_announcement__these_ba.html| title = Berth Announcement: These Babies Have It All| accessdate = 2008-06-07| date = 1995-10-23| author = GEORGE RUSH AND JOANNA MOLLOY| work = New York Daily News}} {{Dead link|date=April 2012|bot=H3llBot}}
40. ^1 2 {{cite news| url = http://www.variety.com/vstory/VR1117502645.html?categoryid=38&cs=1| title = And justice for all musicians: 'Club' features Cooder and Havana Musicians| accessdate = 2008-06-07| date = 1999-01-06| author = Bill Higgins| work = Variety}}
41. ^1 2 {{cite web| url = http://www.playbill.com/news/article/95833.html| title = Tony Adams, Film, TV and Stage Producer, Dead at 52| accessdate = 2008-06-07| date = 2005-10-24| author = Kenneth Jones| work = Playbill News}}
42. ^{{cite news| url = https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/665919942.html?dids=665919942:665919942&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&date=Mar+16%2C+1980&author=ANDREW+EPSTEIN&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=BENEFIT+TV+SHOW+RAISES+%241+MILLION&pqatl=google| title = BENEFIT TV SHOW RAISES $1 MILLION| accessdate = 2008-06-07| date = 1980-03-16| page = 1| author = ANDREW EPSTEIN| work = The Los Angeles Times}}
43. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-108154087.html| title = USC Annenberg School for Communication to Host Special Screening on USC Campus Of Paramount Pictures' 'Beyond Borders'.| accessdate = 2008-06-07| date = 2003-09-25| work = PR Newswire}}{{dead link|date=February 2019|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
44. ^{{cite news| url = http://www.boston.com/movies/display?display=movie&id=7457| title = 'Roll Bounce' slides back to the '70s with an earnest, feel-good vibe| accessdate = 2008-06-07| date = 2005-09-03| author = Janice Page| work = The Boston Globe}}
45. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.lexisnexis.com.fetch.mhsl.uab.edu/us/lnacademic/results/docview/docview.do?docLinkInd=true&risb=21_T3921258634&format=GNBFI&sort=RELEVANCE&startDocNo=1&resultsUrlKey=29_T3921258648&cisb=22_T3921258647&treeMax=true&treeWidth=0&csi=8054&docNo=2| title = Real-Life Participants Of "The Killing Fields" To Hold Press Conference| accessdate = 2008-06-09| date = 1984-11-13| work = PR Newswire}}

External links

  • www.opusa.org
{{good article}}

5 : Charities based in California|Development charities based in the United States|International charities|Humanitarian aid organizations|Organizations established in 1979
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