词条 | Llanidloes |
释义 |
|country = Wales |official_name = Llanidloes |static_image_name = Llanidloes Great Oak Street.jpg |coordinates = {{coord|52.449|-3.5402|display=inline,title}} |population = 2,929 |population_ref = [1] |unitary_wales = Powys |lieutenancy_wales = Powys |constituency_westminster = Montgomeryshire |constituency_welsh_assembly = Montgomeryshire |post_town = LLANIDLOES |postcode_district = SY18 |postcode_area = SY |dial_code = 01686 |os_grid_reference = SN954845 |london_distance = {{convert|211|mi|km|0}} ESE }}Llanidloes ({{IPA-cy|ɬanˈɪdlɔɨs}}) is a town and community on the A470 and B4518 roads in Powys, within the historic county boundaries of Montgomeryshire ({{lang-cy|Sir Drefaldwyn}}), Wales. The population in 2011 was 2,929, of whom 15% could speak Welsh.[1] It is the first town on the River Severn ({{lang-cy|Afon Hafren}}), counting from the source. The town's Member of Parliament is the Conservative Glyn Davies (MP since 2010) and its Assembly Member is Conservative Russell George (AM since 2011). SurroundingsThe town is close to the large dam and reservoir Llyn Clywedog. There is a scenic mountain road connecting Machynlleth and Llanidloes. Llanidloes is popular with hikers who walk on the scenic footpaths surrounding the town, including Glyndŵr's Way, which in conjunction with the Offa's Dyke path forms a 160-mile circuit around Mid Wales and local passage over the spine of the Cambrian Mountains. The Sarn Sabrina Walk – a 25-mile circular walk from Llanidloes to the source of the Severn and back – has been held yearly on the Saturday preceding the Late Spring Bank Holiday since 2006. In 2007 the Semi Sabrina, a 12-mile circular walk, was added.[2] The Hafren Forest is also used for car rallies such as Rally GB and motorcycle Enduro events throughout the year. HistoryLlanidloes takes its name from the early 7th century Celtic Saint Idloes (Llan-Idloes = the Parish of St Idloes), after whom its parish church is named. The village hall is the centre of Wales.It was then part of the cantref of Arwystli. In 1280 Llanidloes received a market charter from the King (granted to Owen de la Pole) and the benefit of Edwardian town planning and earthwork defences. The present-day street plan follows the 13th century grid layout. O'Neill[3] traced earth bank defences from the confluence of the Severn with the Clywedog and along Brook Street on the north, beyond High Street on the east, and along Mount Street on the south; with the Severn forming the western boundary. He suggested that the medieval castle with its bailey lay immediately to the south in the area of Mount Street. However, the precise positioning of the Castle and earthen bank defences needs to be verified by archaeological evidence. The town prospered and was granted borough status at about this time{{when|date=March 2017}}, and by 1309 there were 66 burgesses. Revival after the Glyndwr uprising was slow, but there were 59 taxpayers in 1545.[4] The following centuries saw the growth of weaving and flannel production. This was essentially a cottage industry, and the local products were sent to market in Shrewsbury. Towards the end of the 18th century, Llanidloes was the largest producer in Montgomeryshire, but after about 1810, with the introduction of factories, which brought all the processes under one roof, Newton gradually overtook Llanidloes as the main centre. Some of the three-storey houses with brick façades of this period would have housed weaving lofts on the upper storey[5] Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of 1833 noted that there were forty carding engines, eighteen fulling mills and thirty-five thousand spindles .. affording considerable employment in Llanidloes. But the new technology was far from profitable, and the factory system led to increasing unrest, which culminated in the Chartist riots in 1839. Newtown, connected to the Montgomeryshire Canal in 1819, soon became the centre of the flannel industry in Wales with the opening of its Flannel Exchange in 1832. Llanidloes followed suit in 1838 when former Public Rooms in Great Oak Street were built by a local consortium as a Flannel Exchange; but this only lasted a few years, although Llanidloes flannel was regarded as of the better quality. Some owners, particularly Thomas Jones, who owned the Cambrian and Spring Mills, struggled to promote the Llanidloes flannel industry, but by 1913 the last mill had closed. Lead mining became the more profitable industry from 1865, when rich deposits were discovered at the Van mines. By 1876, the mines were among the most productive in the world, employing over 500. Important too was the town's iron foundry, established in 1851. This second phase of prosperity is well reflected in the townscape, most notably in the proliferation of fine chapels, built during the 1870s. Commercial success is reflected by the many fine shopfronts that survive from the later part of the 19th century. But again decline set in: printing and tanning gained in importance, but the last of the mines closed in 1921.[6] Little has changed since then, except the building of houses, including a Garden Suburb and a new school. The building of the by-pass in 1991, along the track of the former railway, has largely protected the town from the ravages of traffic. Llanidloes has attractive tree-lined main streets, originally planted in 1901, although many of the trees have been replaced. The vibrant community, pleasantly varied streetscape and attractive setting makes Llanidloes one of the nicest towns in Wales.[7] The Chartist uprisingLlanidloes was notorious as a focus of industrial unrest during the Chartist revolt in 1839, a campaign for democratic rights prompted by the collapse of the local textile industry. During the unrest, three local people were arrested and held in the Trewythen hotel on Great Oak Street until the protesters forced their release. The town was controlled by the protesters until a detachment of Shropshire Yeomanry arrived and restored Government authority. Ringleaders were arrested, tried and sentenced to imprisonment or transportation.{{Citation needed|date=December 2015}} Church and Chapels
Buildings in Llanidloes
Industry
Bridges
The railway station and the Newtown and Llanidloes RailwayLlanidloes railway station was opened in 1864 by the Llanidloes and Newtown Railway.[10] Designed as a grand junction station, it was to connect the Mid-Wales Railway and the Manchester and Milford Railway in the south, with Newtown and the Oswestry and Newtown Railway to the north. Designed to hold the railway company's offices, the building is in the Georgian style. The Llanidloes and Newtown railway eventually formed part of the Cambrian Railways, linking it with South Wales. The station closed for passengers on 31 December 1962. The Llanidloes by-pass road runs along a section of the former railway, and the station still stands beside this road. It is now restored and occupied by small businesses.{{sfnp|Scourfield|Haslam|2013|page=173}} Llanidloes War Memorial HospitalPowys Local Health Board (LHB) announced that it wanted to make cuts at Llanidloes which would result in the downgrading and even closure of Llanidloes War Memorial Hospital. The Save Llanidloes Hospital Action Group was formed in response.[11] Culture and EnvironmentalismLlanidloes has a reputation as a very "quirky" town, known for its liberal, counterculture atmosphere. Llanidloes is known as a popular home for ageing hippies.[12] The alternative atmosphere is apparent, with a wholefood shop, a volunteer-run organic shop and a vegetarian wholefood café. In 2014, it was rated one of the most attractive postcode areas to live in Wales.[13] It was named one of the best places to live in Wales in 2017.[14] In April 2006, Llanidloes was awarded Fairtrade Town status by the Fairtrade Foundation. Since October 2007 the annual Green Fair has attracted visitors to the town to listen to speakers on many "green" issues and browse the stalls offering alternatives to energy expensive ways of life. The town is noted for its annual Llanidloes Fancy Dress street party, one of the largest street parties in Wales.[15] The event started in 1969, taking place on the first Friday of July.[15][16] In 2004 around 5,000 people took part in the festival.[15] The 2005 event was temporarily cancelled due to the costs of safety provisions, but a local councillor provided funding for training for stewards and public toilets.[17][18] After concerns linked to costs and public safety the festival was cancelled in 2012.[19] It now takes place on a smaller scale with locals dressing up and taking to the streets. The headquarters of The Quilt Association is at the Minerva Arts Centre; here they hold workshops and an annual exhibition of quilts.[20] SportLlanidloes Town Football Club, established in 1875, play in the Cymru Alliance.[21]Llanidloes rugby union team, Llanidloes RFC, play in the Welsh Rugby Union league. Llanidloes Ladies F.C. play in both the Welsh National League and North Powys League Used for the WEC GP of Wales{{Clarify|date=December 2015}} EducationLlanidloes High School is a secondary school. Llanidloes Primary school is a primary school. Notable peopleSee Category:People from Llanidloes
Town twinning
Literature
References1. ^1 {{cite web|title=Area: Llanfyllin (Ward) Welsh Language Skills, 2011 (KS207WA)|url=http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=13696490&c=llanidloes&d=14&e=61&g=6490933&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1429979249533&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2501|publisher=Office for National Statistics}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.llanidloes.com/sarn_sabrina/index.html|title=Sabrina and Semi-Sabrina Walk - Llanidloes Mid Wales UK|first=Seren|last=Web|date=|website=www.llanidloes.com}} 3. ^O’Neill B H St J (1933), The Castle and Borough of Llanidloes Montgomeryshire Collections, Vol xllll, 56ff. 4. ^Soulsby I,(1983) The Towns of Medieval Wales, Chichester, 1983, 170–1. 5. ^Jenkins J. G. The Welsh Woollen Industry, 148–151 for a discussion of relative importance prior to mechanisation in the later 18th century. 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://history.powys.org.uk/history/llani/van1.html|title=Llanidloes - The mining industry 1|author=|date=|website=history.powys.org.uk}} 7. ^{{Cite book |last=Scourfield |first=R |last2=Haslam |first2=R |year=2013 |title=Buildings of Wales: Powys; Montgomeryshire, Radnorshire and Breconshire |edition=2nd |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn= |ref=harv |pages=165–166}} 8. ^Long Bridge, Long Bridge Street, Llanidloes, British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 3 January 2016. 9. ^Short Bridge, Short Bridge Street, Llanidloes, British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 3 January 2016. 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://history.powys.org.uk/history/llani/railway1.html|title=Llanidloes - the railway.|author=|date=|website=history.powys.org.uk}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/mid/sites/healthandfitness/pages/patswallow.shtml|title=BBC - Error 404 : Not Found|author=|date=|website=bbc.co.uk|access-date=21 April 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111173810/http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/mid/sites/healthandfitness/pages/patswallow.shtml|archive-date=11 November 2012|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}} 12. ^{{cite book |title=The Rough Guide to Britain |last=Andrews |first=Robert |year=2004 |publisher=Rough Guides Ltd |isbn=978-1-84353-301-6 |pages=838}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=UK's 'most desirable' postcodes revealed|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-28918709|publisher=BBC News}} 14. ^{{cite web|title=These towns have been named as the best places to live in Wales|url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/towns-named-best-places-wales-12719747|publisher=Wales Online}} 15. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Town ready for fancy dress fiesta |publisher=BBC.co.uk| date=1 July 2004|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/mid/3853487.stm}} 16. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=1KH8vyyFNOoC&pg=PA267&dq=%22Llanidloes+Fancy+Dress%22&hl=en&ei=-uMzTPTYBsO78gaixKzICw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Fancy%20Dress&f=false The Rough Guide to Wales] Mike Parker, Paul Whitfield. p. 267 17. ^Town's fancy dress fiesta is axed BBC Friday, 29 April 2005 18. ^Fancy dress festival's reprieve BBC Wednesday, 22 June 2005 19. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cambrian-news.co.uk/news/i/20597/ |title=Fancy Dress Axed |date=23 November 2011 |publisher=www.cambrian-news.co.uk |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104202144/http://www.cambrian-news.co.uk/news/i/20597/ |archivedate=4 November 2013 |df=dmy-all }} 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.quilt.org.uk/|title=The Quilt Association|accessdate=25 April 2015}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/mid/sites/sport/pages/spar_fixtures.shtml|title=BBC - Error 404 : Not Found|author=|date=|website=bbc.co.uk}} External links{{Commons category}}
7 : Montgomeryshire|Historic Montgomeryshire Parishes|Populated places on the River Severn|Towns in Powys|Chartism|Timber-framed buildings in Wales|Wards of Powys |
随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。