| 词条 | Load (album) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Load | type = studio | artist = Metallica | cover = Metallica - Load cover.jpg | alt = White and red fluid in the shape of fire with the text "Load" (bottom right) | released = June 4, 1996 | recorded = May 1, 1995 – February 1, 1996 | venue = | studio = The Plant Studios in Sausalito, California | genre = {{hlist|Hard rock[1]|heavy metal|alternative metal[2]}} | length = 78:58 | label = {{hlist|Elektra|Vertigo}} | producer = {{hlist|James Hetfield|Bob Rock|Lars Ulrich}} | prev_title = Metallica | prev_year = 1991 | next_title = Reload | next_year = 1997 | misc = {{Singles | name = Load | type = studio | single1 = Until It Sleeps | single1date = May 21, 1996[3] | single2 = Hero of the Day | single2date = September 9, 1996[4] | single3 = Mama Said | single3date = November 25, 1996[5] | single4 = King Nothing | single4date = January 7, 1997[6] }} }} Load is the sixth studio album by the American heavy metal band Metallica, released on June 4, 1996 by Elektra Records in the United States and by Vertigo Records internationally. The album showed more of a hard rock side of Metallica than the band's typical thrash metal style, which alienated much of the band's fanbase.[7][8][9] It also featured influences from genres such as Southern rock, blues rock, country rock[10] and alternative rock.[11] Drummer Lars Ulrich said about Load{{'s}} more exploratory nature, "This album and what we're doing with it – that, to me, is what Metallica are all about: exploring different things. The minute you stop exploring, then just sit down and fucking die".[10] At 79 minutes, it is Metallica's longest studio album. Load debuted and spent four consecutive weeks at number one on the US Billboard 200 chart. Load sold 680,000 units in its first week, making it the biggest opening week for Metallica as well as the biggest debut of 1996.[11] It was certified 5× platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for shipping five million copies in the United States. Four singles—"Until It Sleeps", "Hero of the Day", "Mama Said", and "King Nothing"—were released as part of the marketing campaign for the album. BackgroundLoad, released approximately five years after the commercially successful album Metallica, saw the band shifting toward hard rock and away from their thrash metal roots. As on previous releases, the album's fourteen songs began as rough demos created by principal songwriters James Hetfield and Lars Ulrich in Ulrich's basement recording studio, "The Dungeon". In early 1995, the band took over thirty demos into The Plant Studios, where they would work for approximately one year. Metallica worked with producer Bob Rock, who had been at the helm during the recording process for Metallica. The songwriting dispenses almost entirely with the thrash metal style that characterized the band's sound in the 1980s. In place of staccato riffs, Hetfield and lead guitarist Kirk Hammett experimented with blues rock-based tones and styles. Additionally, Ulrich adopted a minimalist approach to his drum recording, abandoning the speed and complex double bass drumming patterns of previous albums, and using simpler techniques and playing styles. Hetfield displayed a lyrical evolution, writing what many said were his most personal and introspective lyrics. "Until It Sleeps", the album's lead single, addressed his mother's unsuccessful battle with cancer, and "Mama Said" also explores his relationship with her. All of this marked a departure from the political and social overtones of ...And Justice for All and Master of Puppets. Hammett, encouraged by producer Bob Rock, also played rhythm guitar on a Metallica album for the first time, having previously only played lead parts with Hetfield playing all the rhythm parts to achieve a tighter feel, in contrast to the looser feel they were looking for here. [12] Hammett continued playing rhythm until Death Magnetic when Hetfield once again played all the rhythm parts. [13] At 79 minutes, Load is Metallica's longest studio album. With the CD length at 78:59, initial pressings of the album were affixed with stickers boasting of its long playtime, simply reading "78:59". "The Outlaw Torn" had to be shortened by about one minute to fit on the album; the full version of the track was released on the single "The Memory Remains" as "The Outlaw Torn (Unencumbered by Manufacturing Restrictions Version)", with a running time of 10:48. An explanation on the single's back cover stated: {{quote|When we were doing the final sequencing of the 'LOAD' album, the record company told us that we couldn't go a second past 78:59, or your CD's wouldn't play without potentially skipping. With our 14 songs, we were running about 30 seconds over, and something had to give, so the cool-ass jam at the end of 'Outlaw' got chopped.[14]}}Load was Metallica's first album on which all tracks were down-tuned to E♭ tuning. Hammett states: {{quote|I started tuning to E-flat for my riff tapes because I copied a lot of the Hendrix stuff. You know I used to try to figure out Jimi Hendrix solos, Stevie Ray Vaughan solos, Thin Lizzy solos and those three bands tune to E-flat. And so a lot of my riffs were in E-flat, and I guess when James would hear the riffs tuned in E-flat and he'd try to sing to 'em, I think he kind of liked it. He liked the break it kind of gave his voice. He didn't have to pitch that extra half step. And that's also why on both Load and Reload the primary tuning is E-flat rather than E.[15]}}Hetfield also felt that the change to Eb was a bonus, as it was easier to perform string bends in the riffs. [12] The band had recorded songs on earlier albums in tunings lower than E; "The God That Failed" on Metallica which was in E♭, and the same album's "Sad but True" and "The Thing That Should Not Be" from Master of Puppets were in D tuning. The Australian CD release of Load includes a bonus interview CD that is unavailable elsewhere.[16] 10 songs from the album have been played live including "King Nothing", "Until It Sleeps", "Ain't My Bitch", "Bleeding Me", "Wasting My Hate", "Hero of the Day", "The Outlaw Torn", "2 X 4", "Poor Twisted Me", "Mama Said".[17] Songs that have not been played live in their entirety are "The House Jack Built", "Cure", "Thorn Within", and "Ronnie".[18] ArtworkThe cover of Load is an original artwork titled "Semen and Blood III". It is one of three photographic studies that Andres Serrano created in 1990 by mingling bovine blood and his own semen between two sheets of Plexiglas.[19] The liner notes simply state "cover art by Andres Serrano" rather than listing the title of the work. In a 2009 interview with Classic Rock, Hetfield expressed his dislike of the album cover and its inspiration: {{quote|Lars and Kirk were very into abstract art, pretending they were gay. I think they knew it bugged me. It was a statement around all that. I love art, but not for the sake of shocking others. I think the cover of Load was just a piss-take around all that. I just went along with the make-up and all of this crazy, stupid crap that they felt they needed to do.[20]}}Load also marked the first appearance of a new Metallica logo that rounded off the stabbing edges of the band's earlier logo, greatly simplifying its appearance. The M from the original logo was used to make a shuriken-like symbol known as the "ninja star", which was used as an alternate logo on this and future albums, and on related artwork. The album featured an expansive booklet containing photographs by Anton Corbijn. These photographs depict the band in various dress, including white A-shirts with suspenders, Cuban suits, and gothic. In the aforementioned 2009 interview, James Hetfield said: {{quote|Lars and Kirk drove on those records. The whole 'We need to reinvent ourselves' topic was up. Image is not an evil thing for me, but if the image is not you, then it doesn't make much sense. I think they were really after a U2 kind of vibe, Bono doing his alter ego. I couldn't get into it. The whole, 'Okay, now in this photoshoot we're going to be '70s glam rockers.' Like, what? I would say half – at least half – the pictures that were to be in the booklet, I yanked out. The whole cover thing, it went against what I was feeling.[20]}}Reception{{Album ratings|rev1 = AllMusic |rev1Score = {{Rating|2.5|5}}[21] |rev2 = Drowned in Sound |rev2Score = 9/10[22] |rev3 = Encyclopedia of Popular Music |rev3Score = {{Rating|4|5}}[23] |rev4 = Entertainment Weekly |rev4Score = B[24] |rev5 = Los Angeles Times |rev5Score = {{Rating|3.5|4}}[25] |rev6 = NME |rev6Score = 7/10[30] |rev7 = Q |rev7Score = {{Rating|4|5}}[26] |rev8 = Rolling Stone |rev8Score = {{Rating|4|5}}[27] |rev9 = The Rolling Stone Album Guide |rev9Score = {{Rating|4|5}}[28] |rev10 = The Village Voice |rev10Score = C+[29] }} Load received positive to mixed reviews from critics. Rolling Stone said, "The foursome dams the bombast and chugs half-speed ahead, settling into a wholly magnetizing groove that bridges old-school biker rock and the doomier side of post-grunge '90s rock."[30] Q enthused, "These boys set up their tents in the darkest place of all, in the naked horror of their own heads... Metallica make existential metal and they've never needed the props... Metallica are still awesome... What is new is streamlined attack, the focus and, yes, the tunes."{{citation needed|date=July 2015}} Melody Maker expressed reservations about Load's heaviness compared to its predecessors: "A Metallica album is traditionally an exhausting event. It should rock you to exhaustion, leave you brutalised and drained. This one is no exception. It is, however, the first Metallica album to make me wonder at any point, 'What the fuck was that?' It's as if the jackboot grinding the human face were to take occasional breaks for a pedicure."[31] AllMusic considered Load repetitive, uninteresting and poorly executed.[21] In The Village Voice, Robert Christgau said "this is just a metal record with less solo room, which is good because it concentrates their chops, and more singing, which isn't because they can't."[29]"Some of that stuff was pretty cool," remarked Lars Ulrich of the album and its sequel. "With Load, it was disappointing that some people's reaction to the music was biased by how they dealt with the pictures – the hair and all that crap [see Artwork, above]. People have come up to me years afterwards and said, 'I never gave the record a fair chance because I couldn't get beyond Jason Newsted wearing eyeliner.' But 'The Outlaw Torn', some of that shit is pretty fucking awesome."[32] {{-}}Track listing{{tracklist| all_lyrics = James Hetfield | title1 = Ain't My Bitch | music1 = {{hlist|Hetfield|Lars Ulrich}} | length1 = 5:04 | title2 = 2 X 4 | music2 = {{hlist|Kirk Hammett|Hetfield|Ulrich}} | length2 = 5:28 | title3 = The House Jack Built | music3 = {{hlist|Ulrich|Hammett|Hetfield}} | length3 = 6:39 | title4 = Until It Sleeps | music4 = {{hlist|Ulrich|Hetfield}} | length4 = 4:28 | title5 = King Nothing | music5 = {{hlist|Hammett|Ulrich|Hetfield}} | length5 = 5:30 | title6 = Hero of the Day | music6 = {{hlist|Hammett|Ulrich|Hetfield}} | length6 = 4:22 | title7 = Bleeding Me | music7 = {{hlist|Ulrich|Hammett|Hetfield}} | length7 = 8:18 | title8 = Cure | music8 = {{hlist|Hetfield|Ulrich}} | length8 = 4:54 | title9 = Poor Twisted Me | music9 = {{hlist|Hetfield|Ulrich}} | length9 = 4:00 | title10 = Wasting My Hate | music10 = {{hlist|Hammett|Ulrich|Hetfield}} | length10 = 3:57 | title11 = Mama Said | music11 = {{hlist|Ulrich|Hetfield}} | length11 = 5:20 | title12 = Thorn Within | music12 = {{hlist|Hetfield|Ulrich|Hammett}} | length12 = 5:52 | title13 = Ronnie | music13 = {{hlist|Ulrich|Hetfield}} | length13 = 5:17 | title14 = The Outlaw Torn | music14 = {{hlist|Hetfield|Ulrich}} | length14 = 9:49 | total_length = 78:58 }} PersonnelCredits are adapted from the album's liner notes.[33] Metallica
ChartsWeekly charts
Year-end charts
Decade-end charts
Certifications{{Certification Table Top}}{{certification Table Entry|title=Load|artist=Metallica|type=album|autocat=yes|relyear=1996|certyear=1996|region=Austria|award=Platinum}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Brazil|title=Load|artist=Metallica|type=album|award=Gold|salesamount=100,000}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Canada|title=Load|artist=Metallica|type=album|award=Platinum|number=4|relyear=1996|autocat=yes}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Finland|title=Load|artist=Metallica|type=album|award=Platinum|salesamount=94,384}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Germany|title=Load|artist=Metallica|type=album|award=Platinum|relyear=1996|autocat=yes}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Greece|title=Load|artist=Metallica|type=album|award=Gold|relyear=1996|salesamount=31,000|salesref=[40]}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Norway|title=Load|artist=Metallica|type=album|award=Platinum|relyear=1996|autocat=yes}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Poland|title=Load|artist=Metallica|type=album|award=Platinum|relyear=1996|certyear=1996|autocat=yes}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Sweden|title=Load|artist=Metallica|type=album|award=Platinum|relyear=1996|certyear=1996|salesamount=40,000|autocat=yes}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=United Kingdom|title=Load|artist=Metallica|type=album|award=Gold|relyear=1996|autocat=yes}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=United States|title=Load|artist=Metallica|type=album|award=Platinum|number=5|autocat=yes}}{{certification Table Entry|region=Uruguay|award=Gold|type=album|certyear=2000|autocat=yes}}{{Certification Table Summary}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Europe|title=Load|artist=Metallica|type=album|award=Platinum|number=2|certyear=1996|salesamount=2,000,000|autocat=yes}}{{Certification Table Bottom|nosales=yes|nounspecified=yes}}References1. ^{{cite book|author1-first=Pete|author1-last=Prown|author2-first=HP|author2-last=Newquist|year=1997|title=Legends of Rock Guitar: The Essential Reference of Rock's Greatest Guitarists|page=226|quotation=The band re-emerged with Load, a less metalish and more hard-rock album that downplayed the group's previous headbanging.|publisher=Hal Leonard Corporation|isbn=0-7935-4042-9}} 2. ^{{cite book|last1=Scott|first1=Niall|title=Heavy Metal, Gender and Sexuality: Interdisciplinary Approaches|date=2016|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317122982|page=18|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8I-kDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA18&dq=%22known+as+alternative+metal%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiD-4actrDRAhUBu5QKHaUECHkQ6AEIGzAA#v=onepage&q=%22known%20as%20alternative%20metal%22&f=false|accessdate=7 January 2017}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Until it Sleeps|url=https://metallica.com/releases/singles-eps/4300/until-it-sleeps|publisher=Metallica.com|accessdate=August 7, 2016}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Hero of the Day|url=https://metallica.com/releases/singles-eps/4301/hero-of-the-day|publisher=Metallica.com|accessdate=August 7, 2016}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Mama Said|url=https://metallica.com/releases/singles-eps/4302/mama-said|publisher=Metallica.com|accessdate=August 7, 2016}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=King Nothing|url=https://metallica.com/releases/singles-eps/4303/king-nothing|publisher=Metallica.com|accessdate=August 7, 2016}} 7. ^{{cite book|title=Legends of Rock Guitar: The Essential Reference of Rock's Greatest Guitarists|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=60Jde3l7WNwC&pg=PA22|page=226|author=Pete Prown, Harvey P. Newquist}} 8. ^{{cite news|title=Metallica revives old sound, 'Death Magnetic' shows band's desire to reclaim its thrash metal throne|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=AK&s_site=ohio&p_multi=AK&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=1234350868C1DA68&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM|work=report|publisher=Ohio.com}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.stereogum.com/1511282/metallica-albums-from-worst-to-best/franchises/counting-down/ |title=Metallica Albums From Worst To Best |last=Moore |first=Doug |date=October 14, 2013 |work=Stereogum |publisher=Spinmedia |accessdate=August 23, 2015}} 10. ^{{cite journal |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/pretty-hate-machine-19960627 |title=Metallica: Pretty Hate Machine |last=Fricke |first=David |date=June 27, 1998 |journal=Rolling Stone}} 11. ^{{cite news|first=Shauna|last=Snow|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1996-11-21/entertainment/ca-1151_1_tupac-shakur|work=Los Angeles Times|title=Arts and entertainment reports from The Times, national and international news services and the nation's press|date=November 21, 1996}} 12. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://www.guitarworld.com/gw-archive/archive-metallicas-james-hetfield-and-kirk-hammett-discuss-their-1996-album-load|title=From the Archive: Metallica's James Hetfield and Kirk Hammett Discuss Their 1996 Album, 'Load'|publisher=}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.guitarworld.com/features/interview-james-hetfield-discusses-metallicas-death-magnetic|title=Interview: James Hetfield Discusses Metallica's 'Death Magnetic'|publisher=}} 14. ^[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yIkSOx6kkMY Metallica – The Outlaw Torn (lyrics in video)] YouTube. Retrieved 19-Jan-2016. 15. ^{{cite web|url=https://metallica.com/blog/so-what-article/427029/20-years-of-blood-semen-haircuts|title=20 Years of Blood, Semen & Haircuts: A Conversation About Load - Metallica|website=metallica.com}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://encycmet.com/discography/new/Detailed/254.shtml |title=Encyclopedia Metallica – Load, 2CD|publisher=Encycmet.com|accessdate=2010-11-13}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.setlist.fm/stats/albums/metallica-3bd680c8.html|title=Metallica Album Statistics - setlist.fm|website=www.setlist.fm}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ultimate-guitar.com/news/general_music_news/these_are_the_only_15_songs_metallica_never_performed_live.html|title=These Are the Only 15 Songs Metallica Never Performed Live|publisher=}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.artnet.com/usernet/awc/awc_workdetail.asp?aid=424202827&gid=424202827&cid=74183&wid=425106400&page=2|title=Semen & Blood II|publisher=Artnet.com|accessdate=2010-11-13}} 20. ^1 METALLICA's JAMES HETFIELD Explains Why DAVE MUSTAINE 'Had To Go' blabbermouth.net (June 3, 2009). Retrieved 12–27–16. 21. ^1 2 {{cite web|last=Erlewine|first=Stephen Thomas|title=Metallica: Load|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/load-mw0000183633|publisher=AllMusic|accessdate=June 17, 2013}} 22. ^{{cite web|last=Lancaster|first=Nick|title=Metallica: Load|url=http://drownedinsound.com/releases/4832/reviews/7544-metallica-load|work=Drowned in Sound|accessdate=June 17, 2013}} 23. ^{{cite book|last=Larkin|first=Colin|authorlink=Colin Larkin (writer)|year=2006|title=Encyclopedia of Popular Music|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=725|isbn=0-19-531373-9|edition=4th|volume=5}} 24. ^1 {{cite web|last=Browne|first=David|title=Metallica; Load|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,292873,00.html|work=Entertainment Weekly|accessdate=June 17, 2013}} 25. ^{{cite news|last=Masuo|first=Sandy|title=Album Review: Metallica: Load|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1996-06-02/entertainment/ca-10929_1_album-review|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=June 2, 1996|accessdate=January 27, 2014}} 26. ^1 {{cite web|title=Metallica – Load CD Album|url=http://www.cduniverse.com/productinfo.asp?pid=1095966&style=music&fulldesc=T|work=Q|publisher=CD Universe|accessdate=June 17, 2013}} 27. ^{{cite web|last=Fricke|first=David|title=Metallica: Load|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/load-19961204|work=Rolling Stone|date=December 4, 1996|accessdate=June 16, 2013}} 28. ^{{cite book|last1=Brackett|first1=Nathan|last2=Hoard|first2=Christian David|title=The New Rolling Stone Album Guide|date=2004|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=0-7432-0169-8|page=538}} 29. ^1 {{cite news|last=Christgau|first=Robert|authorlink=Robert Christgau|date=December 3, 1996|url=https://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/cg/ts96-96.php|title=Turkey Shoot|newspaper=The Village Voice|accessdate=February 1, 2019}} 30. ^{{cite magazine|last1=Fricke|first1=David|title=Rolling Stone|page=85}} 31. ^{{cite book|date=June 8, 1996|publisher=Melody Maker|page=49}} 32. ^"Get a chick! Or get a monkey!"; Classic Rock #48, Christmas 2002, p6 33. ^{{cite book|title=Load liner notes|year=1996|publisher=Vertigo Records}} 34. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 {{cite web|url=http://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Metallica&titel=Load&cat=a|title=Metallica – Load|publisher=Hung Medien|language=German|accessdate=June 27, 2015}} 35. ^{{cite news |title=Listen - Danmarks Officielle Hitliste - Udarbejdet af AIM Nielsen for IFPI Danmark - Uge 23 |work=Ekstra Bladet |location=Copenhagen |language=Danish |date=1996-06-09}} 36. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pgkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA60&dq=Spain+Until+It+Sleeps&hl=es&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiBx5zpj-_TAhVBmBQKHUoBCWoQ6AEIIDAB#v=onepage&q=Spain%20Until%20It%20Sleeps&f=false|title=Hits of the World - Spain|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc.|date=29 June 1996|page=60| accessdate=24 August 2017}} 37. ^{{cite magazine|url=https://www.americanradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Music/Archive-Music-Media-IDX/IDX/90s/96/MM-1996-12-21-OCR-Page-0012.pdf#search=%22nirvana%20about%20girl%22 |title=European Top 100 Albums 1996 |publisher=Music & Media| date=December 21, 1996|accessdate=November 8, 2018}} 38. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/charts/album-jahr/for-date-1996 |title=Top 100 Album-Jahrescharts|language=German |publisher=GfK Entertainment|accessdate=September 8, 2016}} 39. ^{{cite book|first=Geoff|last=Mayfield|title=1999 The Year in Music Totally '90s: Diary of a Decade – The listing of Top Pop Albums of the '90s & Hot 100 Singles of the '90s|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9w0EAAAAMBAJ&lpg=PP1&lr&rview=1&pg=RA1-PA4#v=onepage&q&f=false|work=Billboard|date=December 25, 1999|accessdate=October 15, 2010}} 40. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.hr/books?id=fA8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA48&dq=greece+album+certifications+billboard&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi2gs31tPfdAhUktYsKHaH5CEMQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=greece%20album%20certifications%20billboard&f=false|publisher= Billboard|title=Greek Acts Boast Local Market|first=Cosmas|last=Develegas|date= 24 May 1997|accessdate=8 October 2018}} External links
5 : 1996 albums|Metallica albums|Albums produced by Bob Rock|Elektra Records albums|Vertigo Records albums |
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