| 词条 | Osmond Brock |
| 释义 |
| name = Sir Osmond Brock | image = Rear-admiral Osmond de Beauvoir Brock Cb Cmg Art.IWMART1722.jpg | caption = 1917 portrait by Francis Dodd | birth_date = 5 January 1869 | death_date = {{death-date and age|15 October 1947|5 January 1869}} | placeofburial_label = | placeofburial = | birth_place = Plymouth, Devon | death_place = Winchester, Hampshire | placeofburial_coordinates = | nickname = | allegiance = {{flag|United Kingdom}} | branch = {{navy|United Kingdom}} | serviceyears = 1882–1933 | rank = Admiral of the Fleet | unit = | commands = HMS Alacrity HMS Enchantress HMS Bulwark HMS King Edward VII HMS Princess Royal 1st Battlecruiser Squadron Mediterranean Fleet Portsmouth Command | battles = World War I Chanak Crisis | awards = Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order | relations = | laterwork = }} Admiral of the Fleet Sir Osmond de Beauvoir Brock, {{post-nominals|country=GBR|GCB|KCMG|KCVO|sep=,|size=100%}} (5 January 1869 – 15 October 1947) was a Royal Navy officer. Brock served as Assistant Director of Naval Intelligence and then as Assistant Director of Naval Mobilisation at the Admiralty in the early years of the 20th century. During the First World War Brock commanded the battlecruiser HMS Princess Royal at the Battle of Heligoland Bight and at the Battle of Dogger Bank. He then commanded the 1st Battlecruiser Squadron with his flag in HMS Princess Royal at the Battle of Jutland. After the War Brock became Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff and then went on to be Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean Fleet. Following the Turkish victory in Anatolia at the end of the Greco-Turkish War, Brock organised the rescue of fleeing Greek civilians and, by skillful deployment of his ships, he dissuaded the advancing Turks, led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, from attacking the British garrison at Chanak in the Dardanelles neutral zone. For his diplomatic handling of the Chanak Crisis, Brock was commended by Leo Amery, the First Lord of the Admiralty, in the House of Commons in 1923. Naval careerEarly careerBorn the eldest son of Commander Osmond de Beauvoir Brock and Lucretia Jenkins (née Clark),[1] Brock was educated at Windlesham House School, Brighton from 1878 to 1881, from where he passed second out of 100 competitors for Royal Naval cadetships.[2] On 1 January 1882 he joined the Royal Navy as a cadet in the training ship HMS Britannia.[3] Promoted to midshipman on 18 August 1884, he was posted to the corvette HMS Carysfort in the Mediterranean Fleet, to the barbette battleship HMS Temeraire also in the Mediterranean Fleet and then to the frigate HMS Raleigh on the Cape of Good Hope and West Coast of Africa Station.[3] While on that station he was awarded a certificate from the Royal Humane Society for saving a man from drowning.[3] He joined the corvette HMS Active in the Training Squadron in November 1887 before being promoted to sub-lieutenant on 14 August 1888.[3] Promoted to lieutenant, after first classes in every subject and maximum seniority, on 14 February 1889,[4] Brock joined the battleship HMS Trafalgar, flagship of the Second-in-Command of the Mediterranean Fleet, in April 1890.[3] After attending the gunnery school HMS Excellent, he became gunnery officer in the turret ship HMS Devastation at Devonport in August 1894.[3] He went on to be gunnery officer in the cruiser HMS Cambrian in the Mediterranean Fleet in October 1894 and gunnery officer in the battleship HMS Ramillies, flagship of the Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean Fleet, in November 1895.[3] Promoted to commander on 1 January 1900,[5] he became executive officer in the battleship HMS Repulse in the Channel Squadron in January 1901 and executive officer in the battleship HMS Renown, flagship of the Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean Fleet, in August 1901.[3] In July 1902 it was announced that he was appointed to the HMS Albion, second flagship of the China Station,[6] but the appointment was cancelled the following week.[7] In January 1903 he became commanding officer of the despatch vessel HMS Alacrity, serving on the station.[3] Promoted to captain on 1 January 1904,[8] Brock became commanding officer of the yacht HMS Enchantress in May 1904 and then became Flag Captain to the Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean Fleet in the battleship HMS Bulwark in May 1905.[3] He went on to be Assistant Director of Naval Intelligence at the Admiralty in Autumn 1906 and then became Flag Captain to the Vice-Admiral commanding the Second Division of the Home Fleet in the battleship HMS King Edward VII in March 1909 before returning to the Admiralty as Assistant Director of Naval Mobilisation in August 1910.[3] After that he became commanding officer of the battlecruiser HMS Princess Royal in August 1912.[3] He was appointed an aide-de-camp to the King on 24 October 1913.[9] The First World WarDuring the First World War Brock commanded HMS Princess Royal at the Battle of Heligoland Bight in August 1914 and the Battle of Dogger Bank in January 1915.[3] Appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath on 3 March 1915[10] and promoted to rear admiral on 5 March 1915,[11] he became commander of the 1st Battlecruiser Squadron with his flag in HMS Princess Royal and saw action in that capacity at the Battle of Jutland in May 1916.[12] During that battle Brock played an important role repeating messages from Vice Admiral Sir David Beatty, Commander of the Battlecruiser Fleet, whose radio was out of action.[12] Brock was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George on 31 May 1916.[13] When Beatty was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Fleet in November 1916, he took Brock with him as his Chief of Staff.[12] Brock was appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order on 25 June 1917,[14] advanced to Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George on 1 January 1918[15] and advanced to Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath on 5 April 1919.[16] After the WarBrock became Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff and a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty in July 1919 with promotion to vice admiral on 3 October 1919.[17] He went on to be Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean Fleet with his flag in the battleship HMS Iron Duke in April 1922.[12] Following the Turkish victory in Anatolia at the end of the Greco-Turkish War in August 1922, Brock organised the rescue of fleeing Greek civilians and, by skillful deployment of his ships, he dissuaded the advancing Turks, led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, from attacking the British garrison at Chanak in the Dardanelles neutral zone in September 1922.[12] For his diplomatic handling of the Chanak Crisis, Brock was commended by Leo Amery, the First Lord of the Admiralty, in the House of Commons in 1923.[12] Promoted to full admiral on 31 July 1924,[18] he moved his flag to the battleship HMS Queen Elizabeth later that year.[12] Brock became Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth in July 1926 and, having been advanced to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath on 1 March 1929[19] and promoted to Admiral of the Fleet on 31 July 1929,[20] he retired in July 1934.[21] He attended the funeral of King George V in January 1936[22] and died at his home in Winchester on 14 October 1947.[12] FamilyIn 1917 Brock married Irene Catherine Francklin (née Wake), daughter of Vice-Admiral Sir Baldwin Wake Walker, 2nd Baronet; they had one daughter.[1] Honours and awards
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/32079?docPos=1|title=Osmond Brock|publisher=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|accessdate=12 October 2014}} 2. ^{{Cite book|title=Muster Roll. Windlesham House, Brighton. A.D. 1837 to 1902.|last=Malden|first=Henry C.|publisher=H. & C. Treacher|year=1902|isbn=|edition=2nd|location=Brighton|pages=}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Heathcote, p. 34 4. ^{{London Gazette|issue=26030|page=1268|date=7 March 1890}} 5. ^{{London Gazette|issue=27150|page=3|date=2 January 1900}} 6. ^{{Cite newspaper The Times |articlename=Naval & Military intelligence |day_of_week=Monday |date=14 July 1902 |page_number=7 |issue=36819| }} 7. ^{{Cite newspaper The Times |articlename=Naval & Military intelligence |day_of_week=Tuesday |date=22 July 1902 |page_number=11 |issue=36826| }} 8. ^{{London Gazette|issue=27632|page=25|date=1 January 1904}} 9. ^{{London Gazette|issue=28774|page=8059|date=18 November 1913}} 10. ^1 {{London Gazette|issue=29088|supp=y|page=2213|date=2 March 1915}} 11. ^{{London Gazette|issue=29094|page=2365|date=9 March 1915}} 12. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Heathcote, p. 35 13. ^1 {{London Gazette|issue=29751|supp=y|page=9071|date=15 September 1916}} 14. ^1 {{London Gazette|issue=30156|page=6409|date=29 June 1917}} 15. ^1 {{London Gazette|issue=30451|supp=y|page=82|date=28 December 1917}} 16. ^1 {{London Gazette|issue=31274|supp=y|page=4515|date=4 April 1919}} 17. ^{{London Gazette|issue=31610|page=12892|date=21 October 1919}} 18. ^{{London Gazette|issue=32962|page=5889|date=5 August 1924}} 19. ^1 {{London Gazette|issue=33472|supp=y|page=1437|date=26 February 1929}} 20. ^{{London Gazette|issue=33523|page=5145|date=6 August 1929}} 21. ^{{London Gazette|issue=34076|page=5054|date=7 August 1934}} 22. ^{{London Gazette|issue=34279|supp=y|page=2782|date=29 April 1936}} 23. ^{{London Gazette|issue=30258|supp=y|page=8989|date=28 August 1917}} 24. ^{{London Gazette|issue=30116|supp=y|page=5591|date=5 June 1917}} 25. ^{{London Gazette|issue=31413|supp=y|page=7908|date=20 June 1919}} 26. ^{{London Gazette|issue=31748|supp=y|page=950|date=20 January 1920}} Sources
External links
|-{{succession box | title=Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet | before=Sir John de Robeck | after=Sir Roger Keyes| years=1922–1925}} |-{{succession box | title=Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth | before=Sir Sydney Fremantle | after=Sir Roger Keyes| years=1926–1929}}{{end}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Brock, Osmond}} 10 : 1869 births|1947 deaths|Royal Navy admirals of the fleet|Royal Navy admirals of World War I|Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath|Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George|Knights Commander of the Royal Victorian Order|Recipients of the Order of Wen-Hu|Lords of the Admiralty|People educated at Windlesham House School |
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