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词条 Outline of ancient Egypt
释义

  1. What type of thing is Ancient Egypt?

  2. Geography of ancient Egypt

     Places 

  3. Government and politics of ancient Egypt

      Pharaohs   Government Officials   Egyptian law    Military of ancient Egypt  

  4. General history of ancient Egypt

      History of ancient Egypt, by period    History of ancient Egypt, by region    History of ancient Egypt, by subject  

  5. Egyptology

     Egyptologists  Museums with ancient Egyptian exhibits   Egypt   France   Germany  Italy  United Kingdom  United States of America 

  6. Culture of ancient Egypt

      Architecture of ancient Egypt    Buildings and structures    Religion in ancient Egypt    Ancient Egyptian language  

  7. Egyptian economy

  8. Scholars

  9. Publications about ancient Egypt

  10. See also

  11. References

  12. External links

{{Short description|1=Overview of and topical guide to ancient Egypt}}

The following outline is provided as an overview of a topical guide to ancient Egypt:

Ancient Egypt – ancient civilization of eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern country of Egypt. Egyptian civilization coalesced around 3150 BCE (according to conventional Egyptian chronology)[1] with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first pharaoh.[2] The many achievements of the ancient Egyptians include the quarrying, surveying and construction techniques that facilitated the building of monumental pyramids, temples, and obelisks; a system of mathematics; a practical and effective system of medicine; irrigation systems and agricultural production techniques; the first known ships;[3] Egyptian faience and glass technology; new forms of literature; and the earliest known peace treaty.[4]{{TOC limit|limit=2}}

What type of thing is Ancient Egypt?

Ancient Egypt can be described as:

  • an ancient civilization
    • a Bronze Age civilization
  • part of ancient history

Geography of ancient Egypt

Places

{{see also|#Architecture of ancient Egypt}}
  • Abu Gorab
  • Abu Mena
  • Abu Rawash
  • Abu Simbel
  • Abydos
  • Alexandria
  • Al Fayyum/Atef-Pehu
  • Amarna/Akhetaten
  • Aswan
  • Asyut
  • Avaris
  • Beni Hasan
  • Bubastis
  • Buhen
  • Busiris (Lower Egypt)
  • Buto
  • Dahshur
  • Deir el-Bahri
  • Deir el-Madinah
  • Edfu
  • El-Lahun
  • Elephantine/Abu/Yebu
  • Gebel el-Silsila
  • Gerzeh
  • Giza
  • Gaza
  • Heliopolis/Annu/Iunu
  • Luxor
  • Memphis/Ineb Hedj
  • Rosetta
  • Saqqara
  • Tanis/Djanet
  • Thebes/Niwt/Waset
  • Thinis
more...

Government and politics of ancient Egypt

Pharaohs

  • Pharaoh An article about the history of the title "Pharaoh" with descriptions of the regalia, crowns and titles used.
  • List of pharaohs This article contains a list of the pharaohs of Ancient Egypt, from the Early Dynastic Period before 3000 BCE through to the end of the Ptolemaic Dynasty
  • Ancient Egyptian royal titulary

Government Officials

  • Vizier (Ancient Egypt) The vizier was the highest official in Ancient Egypt to serve the king, or pharaoh during the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms.
  • Viceroy of Kush The Lower Nubian Kush was a province of Egypt from the 16th century BCE to eleventh century BCE. During this period it was ruled by a viceroy who reported directly to the Egyptian Pharaoh.
  • Treasurer (Ancient Egypt) The treasurer was responsible for products coming to the royal palace. They were the main economical administrator of the royal belongings.

Egyptian law

Egyptian law

Military of ancient Egypt

Military of ancient Egypt
  • Ancient egyptian warfare
  • Chariotry in ancient Egypt
  • Ancient Egyptian Navy

General history of ancient Egypt

History of ancient Egypt

History of ancient Egypt, by period

  • Prehistoric Egypt – The Prehistory of Egypt spans the period of earliest human settlement to the beginning of the Early Dynastic Period of Egypt in ca. 3100 BCE.
    • Naqada I or Amratian culture - a cultural period in the history of predynastic Upper Egypt, which lasted approximately from 4000 to 3500 BCE.
    • Naqada II or Gerzeh culture - The Gerzean is the second of three phases of the Naqada Culture, and so is called Naqada II. It begins circa 3500 BCE lasting through circa 3200 BCE.
    • Naqada III or Semainean culture - Naqada III is the last phase of the Naqadan period of ancient Egyptian prehistory, dating approximately from 3200 to 3100 BCE.
  • Early Dynastic Period of Egypt – The Archaic or Early Dynastic Period of Egypt immediately follows the unification of Lower and Upper Egypt c. 3100 BCE. It is generally taken to include:
    • The First dynasty of Egypt
    • The Second dynasty of Egypt
  • Old Kingdom – The name given to the period in the 3rd millennium BCE when Egypt attained its first continuous peak of civilization in complexity and achievement – the first of three so-called "Kingdom" periods, which mark the high points of civilization in the lower Nile Valley. This time period includes:
    • The Third dynasty of Egypt
    • The Fourth dynasty of Egypt
    • The Fifth dynasty of Egypt
    • The Sixth dynasty of Egypt
  • First Intermediate Period of Egypt – This period is often described as a “dark period” in Ancient Egyptian history, spanning approximately 140 years after the end of the Old Kingdom from ca. 2181-2055 BCE [5] It included:
    • The possibly spurious Seventh Dynasty of Egypt
    • The Eighth Dynasty of Egypt
    • The Ninth dynasty of Egypt
    • The Tenth dynasty of Egypt
    • Part of the Eleventh dynasty of Egypt
  • Middle Kingdom of Egypt – The period in the history of ancient Egypt between 2055 BCE and 1650 BCE This period includes:
    • Later part of the Eleventh dynasty of Egypt
    • The Twelfth dynasty of Egypt
    • The Thirteenth dynasty of Egypt
    • The Fourteenth dynasty of Egypt

Some writers include the Thirteenth and Fourteenth dynasties in the Second Intermediate Period.

  • Second Intermediate Period of Egypt (Hyksos) – a period when Ancient Egypt fell into disarray for a second time, between the end of the Middle Kingdom and the start of the New Kingdom. It is best known as the period when the Hyksos made their appearance in Egypt and whose reign comprised
    • The Fifteenth dynasty of Egypt
    • The Sixteenth dynasty of Egypt.
  • New Kingdom of Egypt – Also referred to as the Egyptian Empire is the period in ancient Egyptian history between the 16th century BCE and the 11th century BCE, covering:
    • The Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt
    • The Nineteenth dynasty of Egypt
    • The Twentieth dynasty of Egypt.
  • Third Intermediate Period – The time in Ancient Egypt from the death of Pharaoh Ramesses XI in 1070 BCE to the foundation of the Twenty-Sixth Dynasty by Psamtik I in 664 BCE

This period includes:

  • The Twenty-first dynasty of Egypt
  • The Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt
  • The Twenty-third dynasty of Egypt
  • The Twenty-fourth dynasty of Egypt
  • The Twenty-fifth dynasty of Egypt
  • Late Period of ancient Egypt {{main|History of Persian Egypt|History of Achaemenid Egypt}}
    • The Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt, also known as the Saite Period, lasted from 672 BCEto 525 BCE.
    • The Twenty-seventh dynasty of Egypt The First Persian Period (525 BC - 404 BC), this period saw Egypt conquered by an expansive Persian Empire under Cambyses.
    • The Twenty-eighth dynasty of Egypt consisted of a single king, Amyrtaeus, prince of Sais, who rebelled against the Persians. This dynasty lasted 6 years, from 404 BC to 398 BC.
    • The Twenty-ninth dynasty of Egypt ruled from Mendes, for the period from 398 BC to 380 BC.
    • The Thirtieth Dynasty consisted of a series of three pharaohs ruling from 380 BC until their final defeat in 343 BC lead to the re-occupation by the Persians.
  • Graeco-Roman Period –
  • Arab Conquest –

History of ancient Egypt, by region

  • History of Alexandria

History of ancient Egypt, by subject

  • Military history of Ancient Egypt
    • Battle of Kadesh

Egyptology

Egyptology – study of ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious practices in the 4th century AD. A practitioner of the discipline is an "Egyptologist".

Egyptologists

Egyptologist – a practitioner of egyptology

  • Margaret Benson
  • Alan Gardiner
  • Zahi Hawass
  • Salima Ikram
  • William Matthew Flinders Petrie
  • Alan Gardiner
  • Auguste Mariette
  • E. A. Wallis Budge
  • Édouard Naville
  • Edward R. Ayrton
  • Bob Brier
  • Edwin Smith (Egyptologist)
  • Flinders Petrie

Museums with ancient Egyptian exhibits

Egypt

  • Cairo Museum of Egyptian Antiquities
  • Luxor Museum
  • Luxor Mummification Museum

France

  • Louvre

Germany

  • Egyptian Museum of Berlin

Italy

  • Museo Egizio, Turin
  • Palermo Archeological Museum

United Kingdom

  • British Museum
  • Petrie Museum of Egyptology
  • Ashmolean Museum

United States of America

  • Metropolitan Museum of Art
  • Brooklyn Museum

Culture of ancient Egypt

  • Art of ancient Egypt –
    • Amarna art –
    • Ancient Egyptian pottery
    • Dance in ancient Egypt
    • Portraiture in Ancient Egypt
  • Calendar –
  • Cats in ancient Egypt
  • Cuisine of ancient Egypt
  • Egyptian mathematics
    • Ancient Egyptian multiplication
  • Ghosts in ancient Egyptian culture
  • Homosexuality in ancient Egypt
  • Medicine
  • Pectoral (Ancient Egypt)
  • Symbols of ancient Egypt
    • Ankh
    • Djed
    • Wadjet
    • Was scepter
    • Uraeus
    • Pschent
    • Hedjet
    • Deshret
    • Atef
    • Reserve head
  • Technology of ancient Egypt –
    • Ancient Egyptian units of measurement
    • Chariotry in ancient Egypt
    • Obelisk building technology in ancient Egypt
    • Stone quarries of ancient Egypt
    • Urban planning in ancient Egypt

Architecture of ancient Egypt

Ancient Egyptian architecture
  • Block statue (Egyptian)
  • False door
  • Step pyramid

Buildings and structures

  • Abu Simbel
  • Benben
  • Deir el-Bahri
  • Colossi of Memnon
  • Egyptian pyramids (List)
    • Bent Pyramid
    • Black Pyramid
    • Giza pyramid complex
    • Great pyramid of Giza
  • Sphinx
  • Karnak Temple
  • Lighthouse of Alexandria
  • Library of Alexandria
  • Luxor temple
  • Mastaba
  • Ramesseum
  • Serdab

Religion in ancient Egypt

Ancient Egyptian religion
  • Death
    • Ancient Egyptian funerary practices
    • Canopic jars
    • Mummy
    • Ancient Egyptian funerary texts
    • Book of Caverns
    • Book of Gates
    • Book of the Dead
    • Book of the Earth
    • Book of the Netherworld
    • Books of Breathing
    • Mortuary temple
    • Ancient Egyptian offering formula
    • Ancient Egyptian retainer sacrifices
  • Egyptian mythology
    • Ancient Egyptian creation myths
    • Egyptian pantheon
    • Ennead
    • Atum
    • Shu
    • Tefnut
    • Geb
    • Nut (Nuit)
    • Osiris
    • Isis
    • Set
    • Nephthys
    • Ogdoad of Hermopolis
    • Amun and Amunet
    • Huh and Hauhet
    • Kuk and Kauket
    • Nun and Naunet
    • Other major deities
    • Amun
    • Anubis
    • Apep
    • Apis
    • Aten
    • Bast
    • Hathor
    • Horus
    • Khepri
    • Chons
    • Ma'at
    • Min
    • Neith
    • Ptah
    • Ra
    • Sekhmet
    • Sobek
    • Thoth
    • Wepwawet
    • Deified concepts
    • Chons
    • Hapy
    • Ma'at
    • Min
    • Renenutet
    • Shai
    • Hu
    • Sia
    • War deities
    • Anhur
    • Bast
    • Maahes
    • Pakhet
    • Sekhmet
    • Other deities
    • Bes
    • Chnum
    • Seker
    • Seshat
    • Tawaret
    • Montu
    • Nepthys
    • Bastet
    • Ammit
    • Bes
  • Religious concepts
    • Ba
    • Ka
    • Akh
    • Duat
    • Atenism
    • Egyptian soul
    • Ennead

Ancient Egyptian language

Ancient Egyptian language
  • Stages of ancient Egyptian language
    • Archaic Egyptian – before 2600 BC, the language of the Early Dynastic Period. Egyptian writing in the form of labels and signs has been dated to 3200 BC.
    • Old Egyptian – 2686 BC – 2181 BC, the language of the Old Kingdom
    • Middle Egyptian – 2055 BC – 1650 BC, characterized the Middle Kingdom (2055 BC – 1650 BC), but endured through the early 18th Dynasty until the Amarna Period(1353 BC), and continued on as a literary language into the 4th century AD.
    • Late Egyptian – 1069 BC – 700 BC, characterized the Third Intermediate Period (1069 BC – 700 BC), but started earlier with the Amarna Period (1353 BC).
    • Demotic – 7th century BC – 5th century AD, from the Late Period through Roman times
    • Coptic – 1st century AD – 17th century AD, from early Roman times to early modern times
  • Egyptian writing
    • Hieroglyphs
    • Hieratic
    • Demotic
    • Ancient Egyptian literature
    • Transliteration of Ancient Egyptian
  • Writing in Ancient Egypt

Egyptian economy

  • Foreign contacts of ancient Egypt
  • Palace economy

Scholars

  • Egyptologists
    • Margaret Benson
    • Alan Gardiner
    • Zahi Hawass
    • Salima Ikram
    • William Matthew Flinders Petrie
    • Alan Gardiner
    • Auguste Mariette
    • E. A. Wallis Budge
    • Édouard Naville
    • Edward R. Ayrton
    • Bob Brier
    • Edwin Smith (Egyptologist)
    • Flinders Petrie

Publications about ancient Egypt

  • Ancient Egypt (magazine)
  • A Practical Guide
  • The Writings of Ancient Egypt
  • The Hieroglyphs of Ancient Egypt
  • Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt
  • A Hieroglyphic Guide to Ancient Egyptian Painting and Sculpture

See also

{{portal|Ancient Egypt}}
  • Outline of classical studies
  • Beautiful festival of the valley
  • Ancient Egypt in the Western imagination
  • Ancient Egyptian Boats (First Dynasty) – Abydos
  • Ancient Egyptian Deities in popular culture
  • Ancient Egyptian cattle
  • Ancient Egyptians (TV series)
  • Cities of ancient Egypt
  • Glossary of Ancient Egypt artifacts
  • List of portraiture offerings with Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs
Ancient Egyptian lists
  • List of ancient Egypt topics
  • List of ancient Egyptian dynasties
  • List of ancient Egyptian palettes
  • List of ancient Egyptian papyri
  • List of ancient Egyptian scribes
  • List of ancient Egyptian sites
  • List of ancient Egyptians
  • Adjectival and demonymic forms of regions in Greco-Egyptian antiquity

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalegypt.ucl.ac.uk/chronology/index.html|title=Chronology|accessdate=25 March 2008|publisher=Digital Egypt for Universities, University College London}}
2. ^Dodson (2004) p. 46
3. ^Ward, Cheryl. "World's Oldest Planked Boats", in Archaeology (Volume 54, Number 3, May/June 2001). Archaeological Institute of America.
4. ^Clayton (1994) p. 153
5. ^Kathryn A. Bard, An Introduction to the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt (Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 2008), 41.

External links

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