“Outline of Peru”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Outline of Peru

释义

General reference
Geography of Peru
Environment of Peru Natural geographic features of Peru Regions of Peru Administrative divisions of Peru Regions of Peru Provinces of Peru Districts of Peru Municipalities of Peru Demography of Peru Neighbours of Peru
Government and politics of Peru
Branches of the government of Peru Executive branch of the government of Peru Legislative branch of the government of Peru Judicial branch of the government of Peru Foreign relations of Peru International organization membership Law and order in Peru Military of Peru Local government in Peru
History of Peru
By period By subject By type of event
Culture of Peru
Art in Peru Religion in Peru Sports in Peru
Economy and infrastructure of Peru
Education in Peru
See also
References
External links

{{double image|right|Flag of Peru (state).svg|180|Escudo nacional del Perú.svg|120|The Flag of Peru|The Coat of arms of Peru}}{{See also|Index of Peru-related articles}}

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Peru:

Peru – country located in western South America, on the Pacific Coast, north of Chile. Peruvian territory was home to several ancient cultures. Ranging from the Norte Chico civilization in the 32nd century BC, the oldest civilization in the Americas and one of the five cradles of civilization, to the Inca Empire, the largest state in pre-Columbian America, the territory now including Peru has one of the longest histories of civilization of any country, tracing its heritage back to the 4th millennia BCE. The Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century and established a Viceroyalty, which included most of its South American colonies. After achieving independence in 1821, Peru has undergone periods of political unrest and fiscal crisis as well as periods of stability and economic upswing.

General reference

Pronunciation:
Common English country name: Peru
Official English country name: The Republic of Peru
Common endonym(s): Perú, Piruw
Official endonym(s): República del Perú, Piruw Hapan llaqta, Piruw Suyu
Adjectival(s): Peruvian
Demonym(s): Peruvians
Etymology: Name of Peru
International rankings of Peru
ISO country codes: PE, PER, 604
ISO region codes: See PE
Internet country code top-level domain: .pe

Geography of Peru

Peru is: a megadiverse country
Location:
- Southern Hemisphere
- Western Hemisphere
- Americas
- Latin America
- South America
- Time in Peru
- Time zone: UTC-05
- Extreme points of Peru
- High: Huascarán {{convert|6768|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} – highest point in the Tropics
- Low: South Pacific Ocean 0 m
- Land boundaries: 7,461 km

{{Flag|Brazil}} 2,995 km

{{Flag|Colombia}} 1,800 km

{{Flag|Ecuador}} 1,420 km

{{Flag|Bolivia}} 1,075 km

{{Flag|Chile}} 171 km

Coastline: South Pacific Ocean 2,414 km
Population of Peru: 28,750,770 (June 30, 2007) - 40th most populous country
Area of Peru: {{convert|1285220|km2|abbr=on}} - 20th largest country
Atlas of Peru

Environment of Peru

Climate of Peru
Environmental issues in Peru
Renewable energy in Peru
Geology of Peru
- List of earthquakes in Peru
Natural regions of Peru
Protected areas of Peru
- Biosphere reserves in Peru
- National parks of Peru
Wildlife of Peru
- Flora of Peru
- Fauna of Peru
- Birds of Peru
- Mammals of Peru

Natural geographic features of Peru

Fjords of Peru
Glaciers of Peru
Islands of Peru
Lakes of Peru
Mountains of Peru
- Volcanoes in Peru
Peru–Chile Trench
Rivers of Peru
- Waterfalls of Peru
Valleys of Peru
World Heritage Sites in Peru

Regions of Peru

Administrative divisions of Peru

Regions of Peru
- Provinces of Peru
- Districts of Peru
- Populated centers of Peru
- Former regions of Peru
Municipalities of Peru

Regions of Peru

Peru is divided into 25 regions and the province of Lima.

{{Imageframe|width=300|content= {{Peru Labelled Area Map}} |caption=Clickable map of the regions of Peru.|link=Image:Scalable Vectorized Administrative Map of Perú JMK.SVG|align=right}}

Amazonas
Ancash
Apurímac
Arequipa
Ayacucho
Cajamarca
Callao
Cusco
Huancavelica
Huánuco
Ica
Junín
La Libertad

Lambayeque
Lima
Loreto
Madre de Dios
Moquegua
Pasco
Piura
Puno
San Martín
Tacna
Tumbes
Ucayali
Lima Province

Provinces of Peru

Districts of Peru

Municipalities of Peru

Capital of Peru: Lima
Cities of Peru

Demography of Peru

Demographics of Peru

Census in Peru

Neighbours of Peru

Peru is bordered by:

Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador

Government and politics of Peru

Politics of Peru
- Form of government: unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic
- Capital of Peru: Lima
- Census in Peru
- Communism in Peru
- Decentralization process in Peru
- Elections in Peru
- Peruvian electoral system
- Voting in Peru is cumpulsory (until the age of 70)
- Peruvian presidential elections: 1895 - 1899 - 2000 - 2001 - 2006 - 2011
- Peruvian parliamentary elections: 1978 - 1992 - 2000 - 2001 - 2006 - 2011
- Liberalism in Peru
- Political parties in Peru
- 2009 Peruvian political crisis
- Taxation in Peru

Branches of the government of Peru

Government of Peru

Executive branch of the government of Peru

Head of state and head of government: President of Peru, Martín Vizcarra
- Vice Presidents of Peru: Mercedes Aráoz
Cabinet: Council of Ministers of Peru
Ministries of Peru
- Prime Minister of Peru, Fernando Zavala
- Ministry of Agriculture of Peru
- Ministry of Economy and Finance of Peru
- Ministry of Defense of Peru
- Ministry of Education of Peru
- Ministry of Energy and Mines of Peru
- Ministry of Environment of Peru
- Ministry of Foreign Commerce and Tourism of Peru
- Ministry of Foreign Relations of Peru
- Ministry of Health of Peru
- Ministry of Housing, Construction and Sanitation of Peru
- Ministry of the Interior of Peru
- Ministry of Justice of Peru
- Ministry of Labor and Promotion of Employment of Peru
- Ministry of Production of Peru
- Ministry of Transportation and Communication of Perú
- Ministry of Women and Social Development of Peru

Legislative branch of the government of Peru

Parliament of Peru: Congress of the Republic (unicameral)
- Members of Congress

Judicial branch of the government of Peru

Judicial system of Peru
- Constitutional Court of Peru - interprets the constitution on matters of individual rights
- Supreme Court of Peru - located in the Palace of Justice
- Superior Courts of Justice of Peru preside over the Judicial Districts of Peru
- Courts of First Instance of Peru hold jurisdiction over each province
- Courts of Peace of Peru each have jurisdiction over a single district

Foreign relations of Peru

Foreign relations of Peru
- Diplomatic missions in Peru
- Diplomatic missions of Peru
- Chile–Peru relations

International organization membership

The Republic of Peru is a member of:^[1]

Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean (OPANAL)
Andean Community of Nations (CAN)
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Group of 15 (G15)
Group of 24 (G24)
Group of 77 (G77)
Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
International Criminal Court (ICCt)
International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)
International Development Association (IDA)
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
International Finance Corporation (IFC)
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)
International Labour Organization (ILO)
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO)
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
International Olympic Committee (IOC)
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO)
International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)
Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)

Latin American Economic System (LAES)
Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
Nonaligned Movement (NAM)
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
Organization of American States (OAS)
Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)
Rio Group (RG)
Southern Cone Common Market (Mercosur) (associate)
Unión Latina
Union of South American Nations (UNASUR)
United Nations (UN)
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL)
United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS)
United Nations Operation in Cote d'Ivoire (UNOCI)
United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC)
United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH)
Universal Postal Union (UPU)
World Confederation of Labour (WCL)
World Customs Organization (WCO)
World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
World Health Organization (WHO)
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
World Trade Organization (WTO)

Law and order in Peru

Capital punishment in Peru
Constitution of Peru
Crime in Peru
- Domestic violence in Peru
Human rights in Peru
- Abortion in Peru
- LGBT rights in Peru
- Freedom of religion in Peru
Law enforcement in Peru
- National Police of Peru
Nationality law of Peru

Military of Peru

Military of Peru
- Command
- Commander-in-chief:
- Ministry of Defense of Peru
- Joint Command of the Armed Forces of Peru
- Forces
- Army of Peru
- Navy of Peru
- Air Force of Peru
- Special forces of Peru
- Military history of Peru
- Military ranks of Peru

Local government in Peru

Regional Governments of Peru

History of Peru

By period

Ancient civilizations of Peru
- Cultural periods of Peru
Inca Empire
- Spanish conquest of Peru
- Neo-Inca State
Viceroyalty of Peru
Peruvian War of Independence
Guano era in Peru
War of the Pacific
Colombia-Peru War
Ecuadorian-Peruvian war
Internal conflict in Peru

By subject

Agricultural history of Peru
Demographic history of Peru
Economic history of Peru
Homosexuality in ancient Peru
Military history of Peru

By type of event

Massacres in Peru

Culture of Peru

Architecture of Peru
- Inca architecture
- Peruvian Viceroyal architecture
Cuisine of Peru
Festivals in Peru
Languages of Peru
Media in Peru
Metrication in Peru
National symbols of Peru
- Coat of arms of Peru
- Flag of Peru
- National anthem of Peru
- Cockade of Peru (unofficial national symbol)
People of Peru
- Indigenous peoples in Peru
Prostitution in Peru
Public holidays in Peru
Records of Peru
Scouting and Guiding in Peru
Television in Peru
World Heritage Sites in Peru

Art in Peru

Art in Peru
Cinema of Peru
Literature of Peru
Music of Peru
Television in Peru
Theatre in Peru

Religion in Peru

Christianity in Peru
- Roman Catholicism in Peru
- Roman Catholic dioceses in Peru
Hinduism in Peru
Islam in Peru
Judaism in Peru
Sikhism in Peru

Sports in Peru

Football in Peru
- Chile and Peru football rivalry
- Football clubs in Peru
- Football stadiums in Peru
- Peru national football team
Peru at the Olympics
Tennis in Peru
- Peru Davis Cup team
Rugby union in Peru
Surfing in Peru

Economy and infrastructure of Peru

Economy of Peru

Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 54th (fifty-fourth)
Agriculture in Peru
Banking in Peru
- National Bank of Peru
- Central Reserve Bank of Peru
Communications in Peru
- Internet in Peru
- Media in Peru
- Newspapers in Peru
- List of postal codes in Peru
- Telephone numbers in Peru
Companies of Peru
Currency of Peru: Nuevo Sol
- ISO 4217: PEN
Economic history of Peru
Energy in Peru
- Electric power in Peru
- Energy policy of Peru
- Oil industry in Peru
Health care in Peru
- HIV/AIDS in Peru
- Hospitals in Peru
Mining in Peru
Peru Stock Exchange
Tourism in Peru
Transport in Peru
- Airports in Peru
- Rail transport in Peru
- Roads in Peru
- Highways in Peru
Water resources management in Peru
- Irrigation in Peru
- Water supply and sanitation in Peru

Education in Peru

References

1. ^{{cite web|date=July 13, 2009|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pe.html|title=Peru|work=The World Factbook|publisher=United States Central Intelligence Agency|accessdate=July 23, 2009}}

External links

Government

{{es icon}} Web portal of the Peruvian Government
{{es icon}} Directory of Peruvian Government websites

General reference

BBC country profile of Peru
{{CIA World Factbook link|pe|Peru}}
Encyclopædia Britannica entry on Peru
Peru web directory

Other

{{Wikivoyage-inline|Peru}}
{{dmoz|Regional/South_America/Peru/}}

3 : Outlines of countries|Peru|Peru-related lists

随便看

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。