释义 |
- General reference
- Geography of Romania Environment of Romania Geographic features of Romania Regions of Romania Administrative divisions of Romania Regions of Romania Counties of Romania Municipalities of Romania Demography of Romania Neighbours of Romania
- Government and politics of Romania Branches of the government of Romania Executive branch of the government of Romania Legislative branch of the government of Romania Judicial branch of the government of Romania Foreign relations of Romania International organization membership Law and order in Romania Military of Romania Local government in Romania
- History of Romania History of Romania, by period History of Romania, by region History of Romania, by subject
- Culture of Romania Art in Romania Languages of Romania People of Romania Romanians Romanian diaspora Religion in Romania Sports in Romania
- Economy and infrastructure of Romania
- Education in Romania
- See also
- References
- External links
{{Short description|1=Overview of and topical guide to Romania}}{{See also|Index of Romania-related articles}}{{double image|right|Flag of Romania.svg|192|Coat of arms of Romania.svg|93|The Flag of Romania|The Coat of arms of Romania}}The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Romania: Romania – unitary semi-presidential republic located in Central-Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Ukraine. It also borders Hungary, Serbia, and Moldova. It covers 238,391 square kilometres (92,043 sq mi) and has a temperate-continental climate. With 19.9 million inhabitants, it is the seventh most populous member of the European Union. Its capital and largest city, Bucharest, is the sixth largest city in the EU. It encompasses the historical regions of Wallachia (including Dobruja), Moldavia (including Bukovina), Transylvania (including Banat, Maramureș, and Crișana). Romania derives from the Latin romanus, meaning "citizen of Rome". {{TOC limit|limit=2}}General reference- Pronunciation:
- Common English country name: Romania
- Official English country name: Romania
- Common endonym(s): România
- Official endonym(s): Român
- Adjectival(s): Romanian
- Demonym(s): Romanian
- Etymology: Name of Romania
- ISO country codes: RO, ROU, 642
- ISO region codes: See RO
- Internet country code top-level domain: .ro
Geography of RomaniaGeography of Romania- Romania is: a country
- Location:
- Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
- Eurasia
- Europe
- Central Europe
- Eastern Europe
- Time zone: Eastern European Time (UTC+02), Eastern European Summer Time (UTC+03)
- Extreme points of Romania
- High: Moldoveanu {{convert|2544|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
- Low: Black Sea 0 m
- Land boundaries: 2,508 km
{{Flag|Bulgaria}} 608 km
{{Flag|Ukraine}} 531 km
{{Flag|Serbia}} 476 km
{{Flag|Moldova}} 450 km
{{Flag|Hungary}} 443 km
- Coastline: Black Sea 225 km
- Population of Romania: 19,638,000 (2017) - 58st most populous country
- Area of Romania: 238,391 km2
- Atlas of Romania
Environment of Romania- Climate of Romania
- Environmental issues in Romania
- Renewable energy in Romania
- Geology of Romania
- Protected areas of Romania
- Wildlife of Romania
- Flora of Romania
- Fauna of Romania
- Birds of Romania
- Mammals of Romania
Geographic features of Romania{{Main|List of landforms of Romania|l1=Landforms of Romania}}- Glaciers of Romania
- Islands of Romania
- Lakes of Romania
- Mountains of Romania
- Rivers of Romania
- World Heritage Sites in Romania
Regions of Romania{{main|Regions of Romania (disambiguation){{!}}Regions of Romania}}Administrative divisions of RomaniaAdministrative divisions of Romania- Regions of Romania
- Counties of Romania
- Municipalities of Romania
Regions of RomaniaDevelopment regions of RomaniaThese are the 8 development regions in Romania, which (with the exception of Bucureşti-Ilfov) are named by their geographical position in the country: - Macroregiunea 1:
- Nord-Vest (6 counties)
- Centru (6 counties)
- Macroregiunea 2:
- Nord-Est (6 counties)
- Sud-Est (6 counties)
- Macroregiunea 3:
- Sud-Muntenia (7 counties)
- Bucureşti-Ilfov (1 county and Bucharest)
- Macroregiunea 4:
- Sud-Vest Oltenia (5 counties)
- Vest (4 counties)
Counties of RomaniaCounties of Romania{{Romanian counties map}} Name | Common Abbrev | Capital | Area (km2) |
---|
Alba | AB | Alba Iulia | 6,242 | Arad | AR | Arad | 7,754 | Argeş | AG | Piteşti | 6,862 | Bacău | BC | Bacău | 6,621 | Bihor | BH | Oradea | 7,544 | Bistriţa-Năsăud | BN | Bistriţa | 5,355 | Botoşani | BT | Botoşani | 4,986 | Braşov | BV | Braşov | 5,363 | Brăila | BR | Brăila | 4,766 | Buzău | BZ | Buzău | 6,103 | Caraş-Severin | CS | Reşiţa | 8,514 | Călăraşi | CL | Călăraşi | 5,088 | Cluj | CJ | Cluj-Napoca | 6,674 | Constanţa | CT | Constanţa | 7,071 | Covasna | CV | Sfântu Gheorghe | 3,710 | Dâmboviţa | DB | Târgovişte | 4,054 | Dolj | DJ | Craiova | 7,414 | Galaţi | GL | Galaţi | 4,466 | Giurgiu | GR | Giurgiu | 3,526 | Gorj | GJ | Târgu Jiu | 5,602 | Harghita | HR | Miercurea Ciuc | 6,639 | Hunedoara | HD | Deva | 7,063 | Ialomiţa | IL | Slobozia | 4,453 | Iaşi | IS | Iaşi | 5,476 | Ilfov | IF | Buftea | 1,583 | Maramureş | MM | Baia Mare | 6,304 | Mehedinţi | MH | Drobeta-Turnu Severin | 4,933 | Mureş | MS | Târgu Mureş | 6,714 | Neamţ | NT | Piatra Neamţ | 5,896 | Olt | OT | Slatina | 5,498 | Prahova | PH | Ploieşti | 4,716 | Satu Mare | SM | Satu Mare | 4,418 | Sălaj | SJ | Zalău | 3,864 | Sibiu | SB | Sibiu | 5,432 | Suceava | SV | Suceava | 8,553 | Teleorman | TR | Alexandria | 5,790 | Timiş | TM | Timişoara | 8,697 | Tulcea | TL | Tulcea | 8,499 | Vaslui | VS | Vaslui | 5,318 | Vâlcea | VL | Râmnicu Vâlcea | 5,765 | Vrancea | VN | Focşani | 4,857 | Bucureşti | B | (Bucharest municipality) | 228 |
Municipalities of RomaniaMunicipalities of Romania- Capital of Romania: Bucharest
- Cities of Romania
Demography of RomaniaDemographics of RomaniaNeighbours of Romania- Ukraine
- Moldavia
- Bulgaria
- Serbia
- Hungary
Government and politics of Romania{{Main|Government of Romania|Politics of Romania}}- Form of government: unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic
- Capital of Romania: Bucharest
- Elections in Romania
- Political parties in Romania
- Corruption scandals in Romania
Branches of the government of RomaniaGovernment of RomaniaExecutive branch of the government of Romania- Head of state: President of Romania, Klaus Iohannis
- Head of government: Prime Minister of Romania, Dacian Ciolos
- Prime ministers of Romania
- Cabinet of Romania
Legislative branch of the government of Romania- Parliament of Romania - bicameral, composed of two equal houses:
- The Chamber of Deputies of Romania
- The Senate of Romania
Judicial branch of the government of RomaniaCourt system of RomaniaForeign relations of RomaniaForeign relations of Romania- Diplomatic missions in Romania
- Diplomatic missions of Romania
International organization membershipRomania is a member of: {{Col-begin}}{{Col-2}}- Australia Group
- Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
- Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone (BSEC)
- Central European Initiative (CEI)
- Confederation of European Paper Industries (CEPI)
- Council of Europe (CE)
- Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC)
- European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
- European Investment Bank (EIB)
- European Space Agency (ESA)
- European Union (EU)
- Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
- Group of 9 (G9)
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
- International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
- International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
- International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
- International Criminal Court (ICCt)
- International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)
- International Development Association (IDA)
- International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
- International Finance Corporation (IFC)
- International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
- International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)
- International Labour Organization (ILO)
- International Maritime Organization (IMO)
- International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF)
- International Olympic Committee (IOC)
- International Organization for Migration (IOM)
- International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
- International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)
- International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
- International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO)
- International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)
{{Col-2}}- Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
- Latin American Integration Association (LAIA) (observer)
- Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
- Nonaligned Movement (NAM) (guest)
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
- Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
- Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF)
- Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
- Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
- Organization of American States (OAS) (observer)
- Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)
- Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI)
- United Nations (UN)
- United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
- United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
- United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
- United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
- United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL)
- United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS)
- United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG)
- United Nations Operation in Cote d'Ivoire (UNOCI)
- United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC)
- Uniunea Latină
- Universal Postal Union (UPU)
- Western European Union (WEU) (associate partner)
- World Confederation of Labour (WCL)
- World Customs Organization (WCO)
- World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
- World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
- World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
- World Trade Organization (WTO)
- Zangger Committee (ZC)
{{Col-end}}Law and order in RomaniaLaw of Romania- Capital punishment in Romania
- Constitution of Romania
- Crime in Romania
- Human rights in Romania
- LGBT rights in Romania
- Freedom of religion in Romania
- Law enforcement in Romania
Military of RomaniaMilitary of Romania- Command
- Commander-in-chief: President of Romania
- Ministry of Defence of Romania
- Forces
- Army of Romania
- Navy of Romania
- Air Force of Romania
- Special forces of Romania
- Military history of Romania
- Military ranks of Romania
Local government in RomaniaLocal government in RomaniaHistory of RomaniaHistory of Romania History of Romania, by period - Timeline of Romanian history
- Prehistoric Romania
- Dacia
- Roman Dacia
- Romania in the Middle Ages
- Early Modern Romania
- National awakening of Romania
- United Principalities
- Kingdom of Romania
- Romanian Campaign (World War I)
- Greater Romania
- Romania during World War II
- Socialist Republic of Romania
- Romanian Revolution
- History of Romania since 1989
- Current events of Romania
History of Romania, by region - Bessarabia
- Dobruja
- Moldavia
- Wallachia
- List of rulers of Wallachia
- Transylvania
History of Romania, by subject - History of the Jews in Romania
- Military history of Romania
- Romanian Armed Forces ranks and insignia
- Romanian mythology
Culture of RomaniaCulture of Romania- Romanian Academy
- Architecture of Romania
- Cuisine of Romania
- Customs of Romania
- Romanian Christmas customs
- Ethnic minorities in Romania
- Festivals in Romania
- Folklore of Romania
- Holidays in Romania
- Humor in Romania
- Media in Romania
- Mythology of Romania
- National symbols of Romania
- Coat of arms of Romania
- Flag of Romania
- National anthem of Romania
- People of Romania
- Philosophy of Romania
- Prostitution in Romania
- Public holidays in Romania
- Records of Romania
- World Heritage Sites in Romania
Art in RomaniaArt in Romania- Architecture of Romania
- Cinema of Romania
- Dance in Romania
- Literature of Romania
- Music of Romania
- Romanian rock music
- National anthem of Romania
- Television in Romania
- Theatre in Romania
Languages of Romania Languages of Romania- Romanian language
- Moldovan language
- Istro-Romanian language
- Megleno-Romanian language
- Aromanian language
- Hungarian language
People of Romania - Common Romanian surnames
- Eastern name order used in Romanian personal names
Romanians Romanians- List of Romanians
- List of Romanian writers
- List of Romanian poets
- List of Romanian monarchs
- List of famous Romanians
Romanian diaspora Romanian diaspora- Romanian American
- List of Romanian Americans
- Romanian Canadian
- Romanian French
- Romanians of Australia
- Romanians in Bulgaria
- Romanians of Serbia
Religion in Romania Religion in Romania- Christianity in Romania
- Baptist Union of Romania
- Convention of the Hungarian Baptist Churches of Romania
- Romanian Orthodox Church
- Hinduism in Romania
- Islam in Romania
- Judaism in Romania
Sports in RomaniaSports in Romania- Football in Romania
- Romania at the Olympics
Economy and infrastructure of RomaniaEconomy of Romania- Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 42nd (forty-second)
- Agriculture in Romania
- Banking in Romania
- Communications in Romania
- Internet in Romania
- Romanian-language television stations
- Radio stations in Romania
- Companies of Romania
- Supermarkets in Romania
- Antena 1
- Billa
- Angst
- La Fourmi
- Vodafone Romania
- Orange Romania
- Romanian Television
- List of newspapers in Romania
- Automobile Dacia
- Currency of Romania: Leu
- Energy in Romania
- Energy policy of Romania
- Oil industry in Romania
- Mining in Romania
- Tourism in Romania
- Bucharest Stock Exchange
- Sibiu Stock Exchange
- Health care in Romania
- Transport in Romania
- Airports in Romania
- Rail transport in Romania
- Roads in Romania
- Water supply and sanitation in Romania
Education in RomaniaEducation in Romania- List of universities in Romania
See also{{Portal|Romania|European Union}}{{InterWiki|Romanian language|code=ro}}Romania- Index of Romania-related articles
- List of international rankings
- List of Romania-related topics
- Member state of the European Union
- Member state of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
- Member state of the United Nations
- Outline of Europe
- Outline of geography
(place the links from the following sections into the outline above) - Geography
- Protected areas
- Topography
- Politics
- Administrative divisions
- Constitution
- Elections
- Foreign relations
- Government
- Human rights
- LGBT history
- Judiciary
- Law enforcement
- Military
- Parliament
- Political parties
- Unification with Moldova
- Economy
- Agriculture
- Energy
- Foreign investment
- Foreign trade
- Industry
- automotive
- construction
- mining
- petrochemical
- Leu {{small|(currency)}}
- National Bank
- Property bubble
- Science and technology
- Services
- Stock Exchange
- Telecommunications
- Society
- Crime in Romania
- Immigration to Romania
- Languages in Romania
- Minorities of Romania
- Public holidays in Romania
- Social structure of Romania
- Systematization (Romania)
- Social welfare in Romania
ReferencesExternal links{{Sisterlinks|Romania}}{{Wikiatlas|Romania}}- Overviews
- BBC News Country Profile - Romania
- [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ro.html CIA World Factbook - Romania]
- [https://www.state.gov/p/eur/ci/ro/ US Department of State - Romania]
- Federal Research Division, Library of Congress -Romania : a country study
- Economy and law links
- Exchange Rates - from the National Bank of Romania
- Romanian Law and Miscellaneous - English
- Culture and history links
- Chronology of Romania from the World History Database
- ICI.ro - A comprehensive site about Romania
- Treasures of the national library of Romania
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