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词条 Outline of Taiwan
释义

  1. General reference

  2. Geography of Taiwan

      Environment of Taiwan    Geographic features of Taiwan    Regions of Taiwan    Ecoregions of Taiwan    Administrative divisions of Taiwan    Demography of Taiwan  

  3. Government and politics of Taiwan

      Elections in Taiwan    Taiwan policy and ideology   Political parties    Nationally represented parties    Other parties    Branches of government    Leadership    Executive Yuan    Legislative Yuan    Judicial Yuan    Examination Yuan    Control Yuan    Foreign relations of Taiwan    International organization membership    Law and order   Political/legal status of Taiwan  Legal documentation of Taiwan status   Military    Politicians  

  4. History of Taiwan

      By period   Mainland before 1949  Taiwan   By region    By subject   Historical figures 

  5. Culture of Taiwan

      Arts in Taiwan   Mass media of Taiwan   Museums in Taiwan    Religion in Taiwan    Sports in Taiwan  

  6. Economy and infrastructure of Taiwan

  7. Education and research in Taiwan

     Research institutes  Nobel laureates 

  8. See also

  9. References

  10. External links

{{Short description|1=Overview of and topical guide to Taiwan}}{{See also|Index of Taiwan-related articles}}

{{double image|right|Flag of Taiwan.svg|180|National Emblem of the Republic of China.svg|120|The Flag of the Republic of China|The National Emblem of the Republic of China}}

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Taiwan:

Taiwan – de facto state in East Asia, officially named the Republic of China (ROC). Originally based in mainland China, the ROC now governs the island of Taiwan, which makes up over 99% of its territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and other minor islands. Taipei is the seat of the central government. Following the Chinese civil war, the Communist Party of China took full control of mainland China and founded the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949. The ROC relocated its government to Taiwan, and its jurisdiction became limited to Taiwan and its surrounding islands. In 1971, the PRC assumed China's seat at the United Nations, which the ROC originally occupied. During the latter half of the 20th century, Taiwan experienced rapid economic growth and industrialization and is now an advanced industrial economy. In the 1980s and early 1990s, Taiwan evolved into a multi-party democracy with universal suffrage. Taiwan is one of the Four Asian Tigers and a member of the WTO and APEC. The 19th-largest economy in the world,[1][2] its high-tech industry plays a key role in the global economy.

{{TOC limit|limit=2}}

General reference

  • Pronunciation: {{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Taiwan.ogg|ˈ|t|aɪ|ˈ|w|ɑ:|n}}
    • {{IPA-cmn|tʰai˧˥u̯an˥|lang}}
    • {{IPA-nan|tai˨˦wan˧|lang}}
  • Common English state names: Taiwan; archaic Formosa
  • Official English state names: Republic of China
  • Common endonym(s): 臺灣 / 台灣 (Táiwān; Tâi-oân)
  • Official endonym(s): 臺灣 / 台灣 – 中華民國 (Zhōnghuá Mínguó; Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok)
  • Adjectival(s): Taiwanese (disambiguation)
  • Demonym(s): Taiwanese
  • Etymology: Names of Taiwan
  • International rankings of Taiwan
  • ISO country codes: TW, TWN, 158
  • ISO region codes: See TW
  • Internet country code top-level domain: .tw

Geography of Taiwan

{{Main|Geography of Taiwan}}
  • Taiwan is:
    • a common name used for the Republic of China since the 1970s, to avoid confusion with the People's Republic of China (commonly known as China)
    • also the name of the Island of Taiwan (Formosa)
  • Location:
    • Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
    • Eurasia (but not on the mainland)
    • Asia
    • East Asia
    • Pacific Ocean
    • East China Sea
    • Philippine Sea
    • Bashi Channel
    • South China Sea
    • Taiwan Strait
    • Time zone: National Standard Time (00)
    • Extreme points of Taiwan
    • High: Yushan {{convert|3952|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
    • Low: Pacific Ocean 0 m
    • Land boundaries: none
    • Coastline: 1,566 km
  • Population of Taiwan: 23,503,349 people (May 2016 estimate) - 53rd most populous country
  • Area of Taiwan: {{convert|36193|km2|abbr=on}} - 134th largest country
  • Atlas of Taiwan

Environment of Taiwan

  • Climate of Taiwan
  • Geology of Taiwan
  • National parks of Taiwan
  • Wildlife of Taiwan
    • Endemic species of Taiwan
    • Fauna of Taiwan
    • Birds of Taiwan
    • Mammals of Taiwan
    • Formosan rock macaque
    • Flora of Taiwan

Geographic features of Taiwan

  • Hot springs in Taiwan - Taiwan has one of the highest concentrations of hot springs in the World.
  • Islands of Taiwan
    • Taiwan
  • Mountains in Taiwan
    • Volcanoes in Taiwan
  • Rivers in Taiwan
  • Taiwan Strait
  • World Heritage Sites in Taiwan: None

Regions of Taiwan

{{main|Regions of Taiwan}}
  • Alishan National Scenic Area
  • Metropolitan areas in Taiwan

Ecoregions of Taiwan

  • South Taiwan monsoon rain forests
  • Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests

Administrative divisions of Taiwan

{{main|Administrative divisions of Taiwan|List of administrative divisions of Taiwan}}
  • Administrative division types
    • Special municipalities (6) and Provincial cities (3)
    • Districts (170)
    • Counties (13)
    • County-controlled cities (14) and Townships (184)
  • Six special municipalities: Kaohsiung, New Taipei, Taichung, Tainan, Taipei, and Taoyuan.
  • Three provincial cities: Chiayi, Hsinchu, Keelung.
  • 13 counties: Changhua, Chiayi, Hsinchu, Hualien, Kinmen, Lienchiang, Miaoli, Nantou, Penghu, Pingtung, Taitung, Yilan and Yunlin.
  • List of cities in Taiwan

Demography of Taiwan

{{main|Demographics of Taiwan}}

Government and politics of Taiwan

{{main|Government of the Republic of China|Politics of the Republic of China}}
  • Form of government: semi-presidential representative democratic republic
  • Capital of the Republic of China: Taipei

Elections in Taiwan

{{main|Elections in Taiwan}}
  • Presidential elections in Taiwan
    • 1996 - 2000 - 2004 - 2008 - 2012 - 2016
  • Legislative elections in Taiwan
    • Legislative Yuan: 1969 - 1972 - 1975 - 1980 - 1983 - 1986 - 1989 - 1992 - 1995 - 1998 - 2001 - 2004 - 2008 - 2012 - 2016
    • National Assembly: 1969 - 1972 - 1980 - 1986 - 1991 - 1996 - 2005 (defunct)
  • Referendums in Taiwan

Taiwan policy and ideology

  • Taiwanization and Desinicization
    • Taiwanese nationalism
    • Tangwai
    • Taiwan independence movement
    • Formosan League for Reemancipation
  • Sinicization
    • Chinese nationalism
    • Three Principles of the People
    • Chinese unification
  • Iron rice bowl
  • Iron vote
  • Irredentism
  • 228 Hand-in-Hand Rally

Political parties

{{main|List of political parties in Taiwan}}

Nationally represented parties

  • Democratic Progressive Party
  • Kuomintang
  • New Power Party
  • People First Party (Taiwan)
  • Non-Partisan Solidarity Union

Other parties

  • Civil Party (Taiwan)
  • Green Party Taiwan
  • Minkuotang
  • Natural Law Party
  • New Party (Taiwan)
  • Peasant Party (Taiwan)
  • Taiwan Independence Party
  • Taiwan Solidarity Union
  • Trees Party

Branches of government

{{Main|Government of the Republic of China}}

The government of the Republic of China has five branches, called "yuan".

Leadership

{{Main|President of the Republic of China|Vice President of the Republic of China}}
  • Head of state: President, Tsai Ing-wen
    • Vice President: Chen Chien-jen

Executive Yuan

{{Main|Executive Yuan}}
  • Head of government: Premier of the Republic of China, Lin Chuan
  • The Cabinet (Executive Yuan)
    • Ministry of the Interior
    • Ministry of Foreign Affairs
    • Ministry of National Defense
    • Ministry of Finance
    • Ministry of Education
    • Ministry of Justice
    • Ministry of Economic Affairs
    • Ministry of Transportation and Communications
    • Ministry of Health and Welfare
    • Ministry of Culture
    • Ministry of Labor
    • Ministry of Science and Technology

Legislative Yuan

{{Main|Legislative Yuan}}
  • Legislative Yuan is a unicameral parliament

Judicial Yuan

{{Main|Judicial Yuan|Law of the Republic of China}}
  • Supreme Court of the Republic of China

Examination Yuan

{{Main|Examination Yuan}}

Control Yuan

{{Main|Control Yuan}}

Foreign relations of Taiwan

{{Main|Foreign relations of Taiwan|Political status of Taiwan}}
  • Cross-Strait relations
    • Chinese reunification
    • Chinese Taipei
    • One Country on Each Side
  • Diplomatic missions of Taiwan
  • Four Noes and One Without
  • Four-Stage Theory of the Republic of China
  • Free Area of the Republic of China
  • TW
  • List of Chinese Taipei Representatives to APEC
  • Political status of Taiwan
  • Sino-Pacific relations
  • Taiwan independence movement
  • Taiwan passport
  • Taiwan-United States relations
    • American Institute in Taiwan
    • Six Assurances
    • Taiwan Relations Act
  • Visa policy of Taiwan

International organization membership

The Republic of China is a member of:

  • Asian Development Bank (ADB) (as Chinese Taipei)
  • Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) (as Chinese Taipei)
  • Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)
  • International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) (as Chinese Taipei)
  • International Olympic Committee (IOC) (as Chinese Taipei)
  • International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) (as Chinese Taipei)
  • World Confederation of Labour (WCL)
  • World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
  • World Trade Organization (WTO) (as Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu, "Chinese Taipei")

The Republic of China is excluded from:

  • United Nations
    • The Republic of China was a founding member of the UN, but was expelled in 1971 in favor of the PRC, through UNGA Resolution 2758
    • On 23 July 2007, the Republic of China's (15th) request to join the UN was rejected.[3]

Law and order

{{main|Law of the Republic of China}}
  • Capital punishment in Taiwan
  • Constitution of the Republic of China
  • Corporal punishment in Taiwan
  • Human rights in Taiwan
    • LGBT rights in Taiwan
    • Freedom of religion in Taiwan
  • Identification in Taiwan
  • Law enforcement in Taiwan
    • Coast Guard Administration
    • National Police Agency

Political/legal status of Taiwan

  • Chinese reunification
  • Political status of Taiwan
  • Taiwan cession
  • Taiwan independence

Legal documentation of Taiwan status

  • Treaty of Shimonoseki
  • Cairo Conference
  • Potsdam Declaration
  • Treaty of Peace with Japan
  • Treaty of Taipei
  • General Order No. 1
  • Japanese Instrument of Surrender
  • Charter of the United Nations
  • Yalta Conference
  • Shanghai Communique

Military

{{main|Republic of China Armed Forces}}
  • Command
    • Commander-in-chief: Tsai Ing-wen
    • Ministry of National Defense
  • Conscription in Taiwan
  • Forces
    • Republic of China Army
    • Republic of China Navy
    • Republic of China Marine Corps
    • Republic of China Air Force
    • Republic of China Military Police
  • Military ranks of the Republic of China

Politicians

  • Annette Lu
  • John Chang
  • Morris Chang
  • Chen Shui-bian
  • Chiang Ching-kuo
  • Chiang Kai-shek
  • Chu Mei-feng
  • Frank Hsieh
  • Evonne Hsu
  • Katsura Taro
  • Lee Teng-hui
  • Lee Yuan-tseh
  • Li Ao
  • Lien Chan
  • Ma Ying-jeou
  • Pai Hsien-yung
  • Peng Ming-min
  • James Soong
  • Sisy Chen
  • Soong Mei-ling
  • Su Tseng-chang
  • Wang Jin-pyng
  • Wang Yung-ching
  • Yen Chia-kan
  • Yu Shyi-kun

History of Taiwan

{{main|History of Taiwan|History of the Republic of China}}{{see also|History of China|Timeline of the history of China}}
  • Archaeological sites
  • February 28 Incident
  • 32 Demands
  • Kaohsiung Incident
  • Koxinga
  • Timeline of Taiwanese history
    • Timeline of diplomatic relations of Taiwan

By period

Mainland before 1949

  • Economic history of China
  • Military history of China (pre-1911)
  • List of earthquakes in China

Taiwan

  • Prehistory    50000 BCE – 1540 CE
  • Kingdom of Middag    1540–1732
  • European Taiwan    1624–1662
  • Kingdom of Tungning    1662–1683
  • Qing Taiwan    1683–1895
  • Republic of Taiwan    1895
  • Japanese Taiwan    1895–1945
  • Taiwanese Communist Party
  • Post-War Taiwan    1945–present
  • 19 March 2004 assassination attempt in Taiwan

By region

  • History of Kaohsiung
  • History of Taipei

By subject

  • Cultural history
  • Economic history
  • Educational history
  • Military history of Taiwan
    • Quemoy Battles
    • First Taiwan Strait Crisis
    • Second Taiwan Strait Crisis
    • Third Taiwan Strait Crisis
    • Civil Air Transport
  • Political history

Historical figures

  • Rulers of Taiwan
  • Thomas Barclay (missionary)
  • George Leslie Mackay
  • James Laidlaw Maxwell

Culture of Taiwan

{{main|Culture of Taiwan}}
  • Architecture of Taiwan
    • Taipei 101
    • Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall
    • Chung-Shan Building
  • Festivals in Taiwan
  • Public holidays in Taiwan
  • Languages of Taiwan
    • Taiwanese Mandarin
    • Taiwanese Hokkien
    • Taiwanese Hakka
    • Formosan languages
  • Media in Taiwan
  • Museums in Taiwan
  • National symbols of the Republic of China
    • Coat of arms of the Republic of China
    • Flag of the Republic of China
    • National anthem of the Republic of China
  • Night markets in Taiwan
  • People of Taiwan
    • Han Taiwanese
    • Ethnic minorities in Taiwan
    • Taiwanese aborigines
    • Taiwanese American
    • Notable Taiwanese individuals
    • Alec Su
    • Jay Chou
    • Jolin Tsai
    • Show Lo
    • S.H.E
    • Wang Hsing-ching
    • A-mei
    • Teresa Teng
    • Takeshi Kaneshiro
    • Mainland Chinese
  • Prostitution in Taiwan
  • Scenic areas in Taiwan
    • Jiufen
    • Cihu Mausoleum
    • Wuzhi Mountain Military Cemetery
    • Yangmingshan
  • Taiwanese cuisine
    • Suncake
    • Taiwan Beer
  • Taiwanese identity
  • Tea culture of Taiwan
  • World Heritage Sites in Taiwan: None

Arts in Taiwan

  • Art in Taiwan
  • Cinema of Taiwan
    • Crystal Boys
    • "Cape No. 7"
  • Dance in Taiwan
    • Cloud Gate Dance Theatre
  • Literature of Taiwan
    • Taiwanese literature movement
    • Formosa Magazine
  • Music of Taiwan
    • Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Song
    • Opera of Taiwan
  • Photography in Taiwan
  • Television in Taiwan
    • Taiwanese drama

Mass media of Taiwan

  • Media of Taiwan
  • International Community Radio Taipei
  • The China Post
  • Taipei Times
  • Taiwan News
  • Public Television Service
  • TVBS

Museums in Taiwan

  • National Palace Museum
  • Taipei Fine Arts Museum
  • National Museum of History
  • Museum of World Religions
  • New Taipei City Yingge Ceramics Museum
  • Tamkang University Maritime Museum
  • Taiwan Nougat Museum
  • Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines
  • Pinglin Tea Industry Museum
  • National Taiwan Museum
  • Republic of China Armed Forces Museum
  • Miniatures Museum of Taiwan

Religion in Taiwan

  • Religion in Taiwan
    • Buddhism in Taiwan
    • Longshan Temple (disambiguation)
    • Christianity in Taiwan
    • Catholic Church in Taiwan
    • Presbyterian Church in Taiwan
    • Islam in Taiwan
    • Judaism in Taiwan

Sports in Taiwan

{{main|Sports in Taiwan}}
  • Professional baseball in Taiwan - Baseball is the most popular sport in Taiwan.
    • Chinese Professional Baseball League
  • Super Basketball League

Economy and infrastructure of Taiwan

{{main|Economy of Taiwan}}
  • Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 24th (twenty-fourth)
  • Agriculture in Taiwan
  • Banking in Taiwan
    • Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan)
  • Communications in Taiwan
    • Internet in Taiwan
  • Companies of Taiwan
  • Currency of Taiwan: dollar
    • ISO 4217: TWD
  • Economic history of Taiwan
  • Energy in Taiwan
    • Energy policy of Taiwan
    • Nuclear power in Taiwan
  • Four Asian Tigers
  • Health care in Taiwan
  • Iron rice bowl
  • Taiwan Miracle
  • Taiwan Stock Exchange
    • Taiwan Capitalization Weighted Stock Index
  • Tourism in Taiwan
  • Transportation in Taiwan
    • Air transport in Taiwan
    • Airports in Taiwan
    • China Airlines
    • Rail transport in Taiwan
    • Taiwan High Speed Rail
    • Taiwan Railway Administration
    • Highway system in Taiwan

Education and research in Taiwan

  • History of education in Taiwan
  • National Taiwan University
  • List of universities in Taiwan
  • Intercollegiate Taiwanese American Students Association
  • Taiwan ROCSAUT
  • Taiwan studies

Research institutes

  • Academia Sinica
  • Chungshan Institute of Science and Technology
  • Industrial Technology Research Institute
  • National Health Research Institutes
  • National Space Organization

Nobel laureates

  • Yuan T. Lee

See also

{{Portal|Taiwan|Asia}}{{InterWiki|Chinese language|code=zh}}{{Main|Taiwan}}
  • Index of Taiwan-related articles
  • List of international rankings
  • Outline of Asia
  • Outline of geography
{{Clear}}

References

1. ^CIA World Factbook- [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2001rank.html?countryName=Taiwan&countryCode=tw®ionCode=eas&rank=20#tw GDP (PPP)]
2. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.chinapost.com.tw/life/environment/2009/06/17/212626/Taiwan-needs.htm|title=Taiwan needs to boost public awareness on climate change: EU envoy|last=Chan|first=Rachel |date=17 June 2009|newspaper=China Post|accessdate=22 July 2009}}
3. ^News.bbc.co.uk 2007

External links

{{Sisterlinks|Taiwan}}{{Wikiatlas|Taiwan}}
  • {{Wikivoyage-inline|Taiwan}}
  • Central Weather Bureau – local weather and earthquake reports
  • Satellite view of Taiwan at WikiMapia
  • [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tw.html Statistics of Taiwan]
  • Office of the President
  • Control Yuan
  • Examination Yuan
  • Executive Yuan
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20050403211555/http://www.gio.gov.tw/ Government Information Office]
  • Judicial Yuan
  • Legislative Yuan
  • Ministry of Foreign Affairs
  • National Assembly
  • Taipei Economic & Cultural Representative Office in the U.S.
  • Taiwan e-Government
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