词条 | Locksmithing |
释义 |
Locksmithing is the science and art of making and defeating locks. Locksmithing is a traditional trade and in most countries requires completion of an apprenticeship. The level of formal education required varies from country to country, from a simple training certificate awarded by an employer, to a full diploma from an engineering college (such as in Australia) in addition to time spent working as an apprentice. TerminologyA lock is a mechanism that secures buildings, rooms, cabinets, objects, or other storage facilities. A "smith" of any type is one who shapes metal pieces, often using a forge or mould, into useful objects or to be part of a more complex structure. Locksmithing, as its name implies, is the assembly and designing of locks and their respective keys. WorkLocks have been constructed for over 2500 years, initially out of wood and later out of metal. Historically, locksmiths would make the entire lock, working for hours hand cutting screws and doing much file-work. Lock designs became significantly more complicated in the 18th century, and locksmiths often specialized in repairing or designing locks.[1] After the rise of cheap mass production, the vast majority of locks are repaired by swapping of parts or like-for-like replacement, or upgraded to modern mass-production items. Until more recently, safes and strongboxes were the exception to this, and to this day large vaults are custom designed and built at great cost, as the cost of this is lower than the very limited scope for mass production would allow, and the risk of a copy being obtained and defeated as practice is removed.{{cn|date=October 2018}} Although fitting of keys to replace lost keys to automobiles and homes and the changing of keys for homes and businesses to maintain security are still an important part of locksmithing, locksmiths today are primarily involved in the installation of higher quality lock-sets and the design, implementation and management of keying and key control systems. Most locksmiths also do electronic lock servicing, such as making keys for transponder-equipped vehicles and the implementation and application of access control systems protecting individuals and assets for many large institutions.[2] In terms of physical security, a locksmith's work frequently involves making a determination of the level of risk to an individual or institution and then recommending and implementing appropriate combinations of equipment and policies to create "security layers" which exceed the reasonable gain to an intruder or attacker. The more different security layers are implemented, the more the requirement for additional skills and knowledge and tools to defeat them all. But because each layer comes at an expense to the customer, the application of appropriate levels without exceeding reasonable costs to the customer is often very important and requires a skilled and knowledgeable locksmith to determine. EmploymentLocksmiths may be commercial (working out of a storefront), mobile (working out of a vehicle), institutional (employed by an institution) or investigational (forensic locksmiths) or may specialize in one aspect of the skill, such as an automotive lock specialist, a master key system specialist or a safe technician.[2] Many are also security consultants, but not every security consultant has the skills and knowledge of a locksmith. Locksmiths are frequently certified in specific skill areas or to a level of skill within the trade. This is separate from certificates of completion of training courses. In determining skill levels, certifications from manufacturers or locksmith associations are usually more valid criteria than certificates of completion. Some locksmiths decide to call themselves "Master Locksmiths" whether they are fully trained or not, and some training certificates appear quite authoritative. The majority of locksmiths also work on any existing door hardware, not just locking mechanisms. This includes door closers, door hinges, electric strikes, frame repairs and other door hardware. "Full disclosure"The issue of full disclosure was first raised in the context of locksmithing, in a 19th-century controversy regarding whether weaknesses in lock systems should be kept secret in the locksmithing community, or revealed to the public. According to A. C. Hobbs:
-- From A. C. Hobbs (Charles Tomlinson, ed.), Locks and Safes: The Construction of Locks. Published by Virtue & Co., London, 1853 (revised 1868). Locksmith AssociationsThe oldest and still active locksmith association in the United States of America is the Greater Philadelphia Locksmith Association (GPLA). This Association is a non-profit organization with a focus on education and providing scholarships to deserving locksmiths. The scholarship program is known as The Connelly-Singer Scholarship Fund of GPLA.[3] The GPLA's mission is To inspire public confidence and reliance upon the locksmith craft by educating the public and public officials in security improvement and enhancement.[4] Famous Locksmiths
See also
References1. ^{{cite web |title=An Ancient Profession: The History Of Locksmithing {{!}} History Cooperative |url=http://historycooperative.org/an-ancient-profession-the-history-of-locksmithing/ |website=History Cooperative |accessdate=15 October 2018 |date=14 September 2016}} 2. ^1 {{cite book |last1=Statistics |first1=United States Bureau of Labor |title=Occupational Outlook Handbook |date=1976 |publisher=U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Division of Occupational Outlook |pages=416-417 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=00lIAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA416 |accessdate=15 October 2018 |language=en}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://gpla.org/scholarship.html|title=GPLA Scholarships|website=gpla.org|access-date=2019-02-19}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://gpla.org/bylaws.html|title=GPLA Bylaws|last=|first=|date=|website=gpla.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-02-19}} 5. ^Lea, Robert (2010). "Going for Growth: why Banham is not going to bolt now" The Times 6. ^Evening Standard. 9/25/2014, p73. 1p. 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.google.com/patents/EP0892130B1|title=Lock cylinder|publisher=|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171231221329/http://www.google.com/patents/EP0892130B1|archivedate=2017-12-31|df=}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.google.com/patents/EP1165913B1|title=Door fastening device|publisher=|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171231221329/http://www.google.com/patents/EP1165913B1|archivedate=2017-12-31|df=}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.banham.co.uk/|title=Banham - Experts in Security Services|website=Banham|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125183012/http://www.banham.co.uk/|archivedate=2017-01-25|df=}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.hygra.com/locks/Bramah/opening-a-bramah-lock.htm |title=Opening an Antique Bramah Box Lock |publisher=Hygra.com |date= |accessdate=2012-08-15 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327072515/http://hygra.com/locks/Bramah/opening-a-bramah-lock.htm |archivedate=2012-03-27 |df= }} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.crypto.com/photos/misc/bramah/ |title=Bramah Locks |publisher=Crypto.com |date= |accessdate=2012-08-15 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120904065328/http://www.crypto.com/photos/misc/bramah/ |archivedate=2012-09-04 |df= }} External links{{wikibooks}}
2 : Locksmithing|Metalworking occupations |
随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。